Many scholars in later generations criticized the complexity of the "History of Song", in fact, from another point of view, the shortcomings of the "History of Song" are also its advantages. In his monograph "History of Chinese Historiography", Du Weiyun said: "The History of the Song Dynasty is criticized by later generations for its complexity, but the best thing about the History of the Song is that it is complex rather than simple. The history of the Song Dynasty is the most detailed, with living notes, sometimes political records, calendars, chronicles, and chronicles of the country, and the tasks of writing history at that time were set up. The events of a generation were recorded in detail in a timely manner, and the Yuan Xiu "History of Song" had a rich data basis. Wang Ruilai also believed in the article "< The History of song >" that the "History of Song" copied a large number of original historical materials, which just preserved more abundant historical facts for posterity:
I would like to ask, which of the twenty-four histories has basically and completely preserved the appearance of the history of that dynasty and the country? Only the History of the Song Dynasty. This is the value of the History of Song. The History of the Song Dynasty is not called a good history in the history of historiography, but from the perspective of historical materials, it is a valuable collection of historical materials of the Song Dynasty. Imagine if the "History of Song" was also carefully compiled and cut in strict accordance with the style of orthodox history books, and its good and solid, but its historical value may not be as great as the current "History of Song". Therefore, it seems that the evaluation of the "History of Song" should not be "a glimpse to hide the great virtue".
Cemetery boundary marker
Comparatively speaking, the most criticized person in later generations is the "History of Liao", Luo Jizu said bluntly in the "Overview of the history of the < Liao history>": "The "History of Liao" revised by the Yuan people is the most rudimentary and error-making of the twenty-five histories known as the 'correct history'. ”
What are the shortcomings of the History of Liao? Luo Jizu cited six articles in the text, the first is that the ji, zhi, table, and biography contradict each other, the second is that the translated names are too inconsistent, and the three major events are missing, while the fourth article is a mixture of names and words, in which Luo Jizu gives the following examples:
Khitan customs, there are small characters outside the name and characters, and after contact with the Han people, because of the Xiang Muhua style, there are Han names, for which the "Benji" or embodied, the "Liechuan" is omitted too much, and between the "Ji" and the "Biography", because of the inconsistent relationship between the translated names, it is very disordered, such as the Taizong Tianxian Eighth Year "Ji" see "Tiyin Di Ren", the "Chuan" is named "Wa" character "Enemy"; the Holy Patriarch and the first year of the "Ji" see "Peking King Pu Nu Ning" "Chuan" is named "Bo Gu Zhe" character "Pu Nu Ning"; "Ye Lu Zi Zhong" "small character machine 剌 only", The Ninth Year of Emperor Shengzong Kaitai's "Ji" is "Only Lari"; the "Xiao Xiao Xian Biography" "Small Character Interpretation" and the "Yelü Han Liu Biography" are "Hai Li". Han names, as usual, are not written in the "Biography", but they are occasionally seen, such as: Xiao Pi rivals the Han name "Chang Yi", Xiao Te's last Han name "Ying" and so on.
Cars are not allowed
In addition, Luo Jizu also believes that the "History of Liao" has problems such as one person and two transmissions, raw swallowing and peeling. But he also believes that "the essence of the book 'History of Liao' is all in the Ji and Chuan". It seems that the History of Liao is not useless.
Why is there so much wrong with the History of Liao? Kwong Youming first made this summary in the article "< LiaoShi Bing Wei Zhi> "The Imperial Tent Pro-Army" and the "Great Chieftain Tribal Army" and "Distinguishing the Sources of the Two Matters": "The book of the History of Liao is the least volume among the twenty-four histories, but the problems existing in it are not the least in all twenty-four histories. The problems in the "History of Liao" can be summarized into three categories: first, there are too many omissions and fallacies, second, there are too many repetitions before and after, and third, there are too many contradictions. However, the reason for the problem is also analyzed in the article as follows: "The reason for this is that when the History of Liao was revised in the Yuan Dynasty, more than two hundred years after the fall of the Liao State, the historians involved in the revision work were not very familiar with the dynastic rules and regulations of the Liao generation, and the information left from the Liao State was too little, so they had no choice but to make the same event, system, and so on, on the one hand, they saw each other in the Jizhi table biography in order to enrich their volumes; on the other hand, they also recorded some relevant records of the Han people. For example, the "Khitan Chronicle" compiled by Ye Longli of the Southern Song Dynasty does not ask whether it is rumored or contradicted by the records from the Liao, but only copied it alive. In addition, in order to cope with the meritorious orders of the time, the historians were anxious to compile the whole book within one year, and everything was taken care of by the pawns, and after the completion of the whole book, they did not have time to do a general review from beginning to end. ”
Disembodiation
In fact, the reason why the "History of Liao" is rough is not only that the historical materials are short and hasty, but also because the Liao Dynasty was created by the Khitan people, and the official names of the Khitan language are complex and changeable, so there will be different ways of calling them when translating, which brings great difficulties to the revision of history. Wang Minxin gave the following example in the article "Miscellaneous Examinations of Khitan Official Names" in the > of the History of the Liao in the <: "In the Liaoshi BaiguanZhi, there are Yi Liyi, Yi Libi, Enemy LieMadu, Tiyin, Lin Ya, Yu Yue, LingWen, MaPu, DaLagan, and Chang Shi (?) ), Tart Horse, Chang Yuan, Shali, Zhasa, Xianli Tart, Bald, Urug, Merry, Aza, Sora, Xiaodi, Shi Zhan, Jie, Mo Hu, Matben, Xingun, Changwen, Yashu, Minlin, Shali, Xuandi, Tili, Mabu, Yabu, Tooth Department, Si Nugu, etc., but these names are repeated, or a different sound, or a slightly different name for a position, summed up, there are only more than twenty. ”
New coupons for ancient monuments
The above is talking about the translation of official titles, and there are also problems in the translation of personal names, the statement is stated in the general preface of the "Five Kinds of Liao History": "The translation of the names of the Liao Dynasty is not uniform, khitan customs, in addition to the name, there are small characters, some people also have Chinese names, Chinese characters, Xiao Pai has six names, Xiao Xiaozhong has ten names (there are publication errors) and there is also another Xiao Xiaozhong with the same name." Chronicles, biographies, tables, chronicles, refutations are wrong"
In addition, although the Liao Dynasty ruled by ethnic minorities, he still had the problem of avoidance, and its avoidance was very complicated, and the statement wrote in the text: "In the founding era, it avoided the emperor of this dynasty, and the Liao Dynasty avoided the name and avoided the name, mixed with the methods of changing the character, removing the word and missing the pen. After the biography is rewritten, of course, there are differences, and there are more jin revisions of the "History of Liao" according to the gold, including those that were changed or omitted individually when the Yuan revised the "History of Liao", and there are many clues. Liao has given names, the original name and the given name are seen together, and the surname is also given to the descendants, which seems to be disorderly. In the "History of Liao", there are also some people who give names to Tang and Song, and some of them have been changed. The Khitan people of the Liao Dynasty were only divided into yelü and Xiao clans, and the five clans of the Xi people also had the surname Xiao. The surname is independent of the clan. The conjunction of names does not indicate a tribe, lineage, or lineage. Many of the narratives of the Chronicles are not named, and some are called characters or small characters, which only increase differences. ”
Desjection cards
All of the above circumstances became the reason for the roughness of the History of Liao, but the Siku Guanchen still believed that this article should not be abandoned: "... Scrawled into a weave, there are many sparse, in between the left and right branches, the traces are burning. ...... However, his book is based on the actual record and has nothing to whitewash. These three histories are parallel and cannot be abolished? Although Zhao Yi thinks that the "History of Liao" is too brief, it is also said that this book is also valuable: "There are only more than a hundred biographies of characters in the past two hundred years, and its leakage will be many." However, those who have the best style care about the number of tables, and the number of tables can be passed on from less. ...... Real foot save unlimited pen and ink. Another example is that the tribes inside and the countries outside are also listed in the table, and how many foreign countries are omitted. Therefore, although the "History of Liao" is small, the deeds of one generation are also slightly prepared..." (Zhao Yi's "Twenty-two Records of History")
In comparison with the three histories of Yuan Xiu, the highest evaluation was the "History of Jin", and the "General Catalogue of the Four Libraries" praised the book as saying: "... This book of the Yuan people has been in business for a long time, and unlike the Song and Liao histories, they are the best in the end, so they are completely dense, the regulations are neat, the covenant is not sparse, the gift is not Wu, and among the three histories, it is the best. ......”
Yurt architecture
In fact, the time for the revision of the "History of Jin" is also very short, and the revision time of this book is only more than a year, but Du Weiyun praised the book: "The "History of Jin" is the best of the three histories, which is not the verbosity of the "History of Song", nor is it like the conciseness of the "History of Liao", the narrative is detailed, and the writing is old. ”
The reason why the "History of Jin" is praised is because of its detailed historical records, Naito Hunan said in his monograph, "Originally, the Jin people had already paid attention to writing history at the beginning of the Jin Dynasty, and the Jin nobleman Zonghan (whose real name was Sticky Han or Sticky Drink) had consulted the elderly in his country and began to record the history of the founding era, and by the time of the second generation of Tianzi Jin Taizong, a compilation had been formed." It details the situation of the tribes at the time of the rise of the Jin Dynasty, that is, the area of present-day Manchuria, such as a certain department, a certain water, a certain township, a certain village, and so on. This may be because the Jurchens were not nomadic, but indigenous, so the tribes have detailed records. The "History of Jin" seems to be based on this book, and some of the place names and tribal names are recorded in great detail, and even if the place names are studied today, they should be able to prove that they are generally correct. ”
Introductory cards
In fact, the revision of the "History of Jin" refers to the manuscript of the "History of Jin" written by Wang Hu, who was the head of the first year of the reign of Emperor Zheng of Jin, who had read the "Jin Shilu" and other corresponding materials during his tenure in the middle of the dynasty, and Jin Yudi said: "The revision of the "History of Jin" was created by Wang Hu. Consider its first draft, that is, according to the actual record. In the second year of the Central Unification, Wang Yan had already drawn up the outline of the "History of Jin", but the manuscript of the "History of Jin" that he had revised no longer existed, but the materials on which Wang Yan's revision of the "History of Jin" were based, Zhao Yi said in the "Twenty-Second History of Jin": "In the early Yuan Dynasty, Wang Hu revised the "History of Jin" to supplement it by the edict at that time, the forty volumes of Yang Yunyi's daily record, the twenty-article record of Chen Lao's daily record, and the seal granted by Lady Ziming by the female official. It can be seen that the old bottom of the "History of Jin" has been confirmed (the same core), and it is advisable to cultivate everyone to change hands. ”
Interior view of the Life Museum
However, Wang Hu's ability to revise the "History of Jin" had a lot to do with Zhang Rou, and the "Biography of Zhang Rou" said: "Nongchen, from Emperor Ruizong to cut gold... The Jin Lord defeated Suiyang. His vassal Cui Li surrendered to Fenjing. Soft in the gold book has nothing to take, and enters the history museum alone, taking the gold record and the secret house book. It was precisely because Zhang Rou had the talent of an insightful person that he saved Wang Yan's life. And in the "Biography of Zhang Rou", it is also said: "Runan, after breaking, ordered the slaughter of the city, a small school tied up ten people to wait, and one person looked different." Soft question, Yuanyuan Wang Osprey also. Untie it, courtesy. ”
Although Zhang Rou was a military general, he was dismissive of gold and silver treasures when he invaded the capital of the Jin people, and he only went to the History Museum to take the Jin Shilu and the books there, and these historical materials became the most important archives for the revision of the Jin Shi. In addition, Yuan Haowen also revised the "History of Jin", and the historical materials in Liu Qi's "Gui Qianzhi" also became the original materials for the revision of the "History of Jin", and the collection of these materials ensured the value of the "History of Jin".
Cemetery stele
The reason for the large number of materials in the revision of the "History of Jin" is also related to the close contact between the Jin people and the Song Dynasty, Tang Zhaomei said in the "study of the > of the history of the Jin dynasty in <": "The Jurchen people's learning of Han civilization is more superior than the conditions of the Liao. The Liao's rule was further north. In addition to roughly inheriting the Liao, Jin also bounded the Huai River with the Song Dynasty, and the old cultural lands of the Central Plains were basically in jin. Therefore, the Jin people's study of Han culture is more convenient than liao in terms of geography, and the conditions are more superior. At the same time, the founding of the Liao Dynasty was two hundred years earlier than the Jin Dynasty, so the cultural relics acquired by the Liao in the early years of the founding of the Country were only the remains of the Five Dynasties and the Two Jin Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty; the cultural relics obtained by the Jin in the early years of the founding of the Country were both stored in the Liao and the Song Dynasty. Therefore, it is no accident that the cultural relics of the Jin Dynasty are splendid and impressive. And Tang Maobing also said in the "< Liao History >< Jin Shi > Comments": "Although Jin Zuo is shorter than the Liao, Jin extends into the interior, as for the Qinling Zhunhe, it is deeply influenced by the advanced culture of the interior and the 'Sinicization' is relatively fast, so that it is reflected in the writing of history, and its advantages can be seen." ”
The first place in the row is the tomb of detachment
All of these reasons have made the "History of Jin" the most praised history of the Three Histories of Yuan Xiu. Being able to complete the revision of the three canonical histories in a relatively short period of time has a lot to do with the strong support of detachment. However, his later situation did not end well because of his great contribution, and it is written in the Yuan Shi Tuo Biography: "Sometimes there are diseases that are getting worse, and the practitioners also say that the years are unfavorable, but they resign from the table." The emperor did not allow it, and the seventeen masters began to follow it. There is a will to seal King Zheng, eat Yi Anfeng, reward huge millions, and resign. It was given to MatsueTa, and it was taken for the sake of the rice field. ”
Detach the tomb mound
After he got rid of his illness, he asked someone to calculate the situation, and the other party told him that the years were unfavorable, so he went to the emperor to ask for resignation. The emperor did not agree, but he handed in his resignation letter seventeen times in a row, and the emperor saw that his attitude was so resolute, so he agreed to his request, and then gave him a piece of land in Songjiang, Shanghai, but his resignation attracted revenge from others: "For seven years, Bei'er did not spend as a right minister, and regretted his father Mazartai. Migration to Gansu. Please do all the way to detachment, and in the Tao, read the riding tent, and eat according to the essence of its product, and to its land, Mazar Tai'an. Relocate the land of Sasi in the western region, to the river, and summon it back to Ganzhou to raise it. In November, Mazar Taixue. Emperor Nian stripped away from Xun Lao and summoned the JingShi back. ”
A small pavilion next to the tomb
Ber er timidly became the right chancellor, because he once had a vendetta against his father Mazartai, so after he came to power, he slandered the emperor and exiled Mazartai to Gansu. After his father's death, the emperor recalled him to the capital: "For eight years, he ordered him to be a taifu, and he was promoted to the palace, and to take care of the affairs of the Eastern Palace." In the ninth year, Duo Er and Taiping both resigned, so they were stripped of their posts and restored to the right chancellor of zhongshu, and were given the honor, the famous horse, the raiding clothes, and the jade belt. After detachment and re-entry into the Middle Book, there is no retribution for grievances. ”
Soon after returning to Beijing, he became the Right Minister, but he thought of the unfair treatment he received after his resignation, and many of the walls and grasses had fallen into the well, so he became the Prime Minister and retaliated against these people one by one, and then his power in the court was like his uncle Boyan, and no one dared to stop him. His younger brother Timur was also recalled after failing to go out to fight, and not only was he not punished, but he also served as the Imperial Master. Someone impeached him, and He was immediately punished by the impeachers, and later he personally led his troops to recruit Zhang Shicheng, and his momentum shook the government and the opposition: "For fourteen years, Zhang Shicheng repeatedly summoned gaoyou and did not surrender. The edict was disbanded from the general system of kings and provinces to seek revenge. He deposed all the officials and obeyed the cheap deeds; the provincial Taiwan Yuan's departments obeyed the subordinates of the elected officials and exercised moderation. Both the Western Regions and the Western Regions sent troops to help. The flag is thousands of miles, the golden drum is shaking the field, and the grandeur of the teacher has never been surpassed. ”
Introductory text behind the tombstone
Just when the escaped army was "victorious in successive battles" and he was about to win the final victory, someone stabbed him in the back and was dismissed from his post. His previous efforts were also in vain, and this incident became the fuse for the demise of the Yuan Dynasty. The "Biography of Yuan Shi And Detachment" reads: "In March of the fifteenth year, the Taichen was still contemptuous and punished his brother, so he escaped from the West Road of Xuanweisi Town in Dali, Yunnan, and Liu also first Timur at the Gate of Sichuan. The eldest son, Ha Lazhang, was resettled in Suzhou; the second son, Sanbaonu, was resettled in Lanzhou. Family Property Book Entry Officer. Escape to Dali Tengchong, the prefect Gao Hui saw the detachment, wanted to take the female affair, Xu Zhu room a ride away to live, although there are perpetrators can be safe. He said, "My sinners, too, dare to think of this!" 'The sunda is desperate. In September, the dispatchers moved to the land of Ah Qing, and Gao Hui was not spared his daughter before he was released, so he began to besiege him with an ironclad army. In December, Hama sent the envoy Touchi to die at the age of forty-two. Supplementing the news, Zhongshu sent Shang Sheqing seventy-six to his place, and yi coffin clothes to be buried. ”
Tomb of Zhou Bin
He was killed in this way, and his deeds, in the "History of the Yuan", are summarized as follows: "53 Detachment is majestic, and it comes from thousands of people, and the instrument is far-sighted and unpredictable. Meritorious charity and society without cutting, extremely popular and not arrogant, light goods and wealth, distant voices, good and virtuous people, all out of nature. As for the time of the king, he has never lost his courtesy, although he has a taoist minister in ancient times, how can he be excessive. But he was confused by the small group, anxious to restore personal enmity, and the gentleman ridiculed. ”
Regarding the descendants of Tak Tak, Wang Jianhua said in "The Mongols and Descendants Scattered in the Interior of the Motherland": "Tak Tak was a politician with great achievements in the late Yuan Dynasty. Once she died, the Yuan Dynasty did not improve again until it perished. He was exiled to Yunnan and poisoned. His three sons fled to Xinhe and broke up from Xinhe, and the three sons were buried in anonymity as Zhou Bin, where they multiplied and lived, and only then did they have the current Dongdong Village. After the world was settled, the descendants reverted to their surnames, in addition to Dongdong Village, there was also Xidong Village, which was originally a village, named Dong Village. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was divided into two villages, the east was called Dongdong Village, and the West was called Xidong Village, and the two villages were descendants of The de-Tuo. ”
Deshi Cemetery
From the Internet, it is found that the tomb is also in Dongdong Village, which is located in Xiliu Township, Xinhe County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province. Why was he poisoned in Yunnan and buried in Hebei? What's more, the historical records record that he only had two sons, so why did another third son flee to Hebei? Wang Jianhua's text also discusses this matter: "The official history of the state only records that Tak Tuo had two sons, the eldest son Ha Lazhang, the second son Sanbaonu, and there is no record of the third son. According to the "New Yuan History" volume 202, the crown prince Aiyi Zhili Dala was the same age as the Tuozi Ha Lazhang, and in 1343 (the third year of the Yuan Dynasty), the crown prince was 6 years old. By the time he was exiled to death in 1355, the eldest son, Ha Lazhang, was 18 years old and exiled to present-day Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, and the second son, Sanbaonu, was exiled to Lanzhou, and there is no record of three sons fleeing to Xinhe and breaking up from Xinhe. The article also quotes the balance in the "Gengshen Waishi" statement: "In the sixteenth year of Zhizheng (1356), Shang (Emperor Yuan Shun) began to enlighten TheHamma, and ordered the skeleton to be removed and returned to the capital. ”
The tomb mounds are all the same
It seems that the bones of the detachment were transported back to Beijing, and then Wang Jianhua made the following speculations: "The author speculates: Ha Lazhang and Sanbaonu may have been born of the wife of the detachment, the status is high, the historical records are recorded, and the third son of the detachment, Zhou Bin, may not have been born of the wife of the detachment, so the historical data is not recorded." Therefore, Emperor Yuanshun divided Zhou Bin in the area of present-day Xinhe County, not far from the capital, as a place for generations to eat and settle down, which can also be regarded as the care of Emperor Yuanshun for the family, and the bones of The Detachment were buried in the dongdong village of the current Xinhe County, and the tomb was guarded by the young son Zhou Bin for generations, which was in line with Mongolian customs. As for zhou bin, the third son of the yuan dynasty, Wang Jianhua wrote in the text: "When the Yuan Dynasty fell, Zhou Bin's two powerful and powerful brothers were senior staff members of the Yuan Dynasty government, who fled north in a hurry with The Yuan Shun Emperor and went to the northern Mongolian steppe. Zhou Bin either did not get the information of fleeing north in time, or because he was guarding his father's escape cemetery, he did not flee north with him. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, in order to survive safely, he buried his name in anonymity as Zhou Bin, and his descendants have lived there ever since. ”
Cooper introductory card
On November 16, 2018, at the appointment of Mr. Jia Jiangang of Meng handan College, I went to the school to hold a lecture, and then Professor Feng Xiaohong, dean of the Local Cultural Research Institute of the university, accompanied me to visit the precious documents in the collection of this institute. In the afternoon of the same day, driven by Jia Jiangang and accompanied by Mr. Liu Ziyuan, director of the office of the research institute, he drove from Handan to Xingtai to find the tomb. When he said goodbye to Dean Feng, he also suddenly said that he was very interested in such a search, so he arranged a job on the phone and went to Dongdong Village with us.
Take a closer look around
It is about 180 kilometers from Handan City to Dongdong Village, and on the way I listened to Dean Feng explain some of his research concepts, which gave me a lot of inspiration. There are very few cars on the highway today, and it is very pleasant to chat all the way, and it feels like it didn't take long to reach Xiliu Township. Driving down the highway for a little inquiry, a few kilometers later I saw the stone arch on the side of the road, and I instinctively felt that the destination was about to arrive. Stop and walk to the front of the archway to take a photo, which is engraved with the words "Dongdong Village", and the words "Ancestral Land of the Deshi Clan" and "Hometown of the Famous Xiang" are also engraved on it. The pillar of the stone arch is engraved with the inscription "Editing the Three Histories of the Ages, and Enhancing the Praise of the People for Ten Years", which is a great joy to see, and it seems that the locals are quite proud of their major in the three histories.
From this, look south
Walking into the village, I met a woman at the edge of the village, and Dean Feng asked her where the tomb was, and this person told us that the pine forest not far to the left behind the archway was in the village, but the entrance was in the village. Dean Feng asked her if she was surnamed De, and the woman proudly said: "Of course, 99.9% of the people in our village are surnamed De, and we are all descendants of The Lady of The Family." Her answer intrigued me and others to learn further details, and the woman said she knew less and could ask the old man in the village.
Hidden Cave Introductory Card
Walking into the village, it is rare to see pedestrians quietly, and the road in the village has road names such as "Jingyi Road" and "Zhongxiao Street", and there are many large murals on the walls of the street, which paint the scenes of the Mongolian steppe, and the characters on it are also Mongolian costumes. One of the walls is painted with a shedding head, perhaps because of the poor material of the painting, the shedding image has been peeled off in many places, but from the rest of the face can be seen shedding the resolute face.
The opening of the cave was sealed
On the edge of the village, I saw the tourist service center, it seems that the local area is also engaged in tourism development, and a square with a large area has been built in front of the center, and there are two lanterns at the entrance of the square. Walking through the square, I saw the propaganda column detailing the "Origin of the Deshi", which clearly stated that the late Yuan Dynasty Minister Erji Tak Tuo was the ancestor, and it was written that "in the last year of the Yuan Shun Emperor, that is, around 1354 AD, when the Yellow Turban Army was detached from the Southern Expedition, the third son Zhou Bin was temporarily hidden in Dong Village to prevent future troubles, leaving a retreat and a retreat for the younger, which has been about 700 years." The above is also said to be "there are about 2,000 people in this village." Behind the billboard is a yurt-style building with the inscription "Yuan Cheng Xiang Detachment Biography Hall" at the door. However, the museum is locked and can only look inward through the glass, and there is a white jade statue of the De-Han Han inside, and some exhibition panels hang on the wall, and there is no other physical object outside.
Another tomb
Behind the yurt building is the Tomb of the Tak, and at the front is the Tomb of the Tak. The tombstone is newly carved, the head of the stele is an old object, and the head is followed, but the head of the stele is carved a little roughly. Behind the tombstone is a tomb mound, which was also built in the style of a yurt, but was completely covered with stone.
Beautiful patterns
It's like a new moment
The rear of the tomb is the tomb of Zhou Bin, this piece of tombstone made a stele coupon, but it feels that this stele is also a post-carving, and the shape of Zhou Bin's tomb is similar to that of the tomb, but the volume is slightly smaller. There are multiple tomb mounds behind Zhou Bin's tomb, and from the tombstone, they are also surnamed. Looking all the way down in the cemetery, there is a cooper with a metal plaque hanging on it, which reads "Gulong Cypress Tree", and the introductory text below is "When the ancestor was buried, it was planted by his sons Ha Lazhang, Sanbaonu, Zhou Bin and his daughter and son-in-law Yan Timur to commemorate it." The time is the 26th year of the Yuan Shun Emperor (1362 AD), more than 650 years ago. ”
Monument Gallery
The name of the monument gallery
Looking all the way down the cemetery, I saw the entrance to a cave in the cemetery, and the introduction board next to it reads "Ancient Tomb Hidden Cave", which said that during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, this place was once a hiding cave for anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians, and many of the anti-Japanese soldiers listed above had the surname of Dai, and it seems that the descendants of the anti-Japanese have also contributed to the anti-Japanese resistance. Now that the opening of the cave is closed, it is difficult to see what is inside.
Ancient monuments
There is a stele gallery at the back of the cemetery, on which hangs a plaque called "Yushi Pavilion", which contains more than ten ancient stele, and some stone components are also thrown on the ground behind the stele gallery, which are old and new, and somehow abandoned here. In the open space outside the cemetery stands another stele, and if you look closely, it is engraved with the words "Monument to the Spirited Daughter of the Deshi Clan".
watering
Peel off the daughter's tomb
Behind the monument is a water canal where several villagers pump water from diesel engines to water the ground. Dean Feng asked the villagers across the canal whose tomb it was, and the other party told him that it was the daughter of The Detachment buried here. Dean Feng noticed that the water in the canal was very turbid, and he asked the villagers whether the grain produced by watering the ground with such water would not be polluted, and the villagers replied helplessly that if the ground was watered with groundwater, the water fee paid could not be worth the money for selling grain, and even if the sewage in the canal had to pay the village, but the price was much cheaper. Hearing the villagers' accounts, Dean Feng sighed there, while I looked at the Tomb of the Deshi and pondered why this Mongolian family was able to thrive here.