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The Tonga Islands in the South Pacific, this beautiful sea, set off a thrilling scene in the early morning of the day. Weather satellites captured a violent volcanic eruption, and in the cloud image animation, smoke and gas churned, forming huge clouds visible in space, even covering tropical cyclones in the south. According to the analysis, the eruption may reach the volcanic eruption index VEI level 6, making it one of the strongest volcanic eruptions in the world since Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991.
In the Volcanic Eruption Index, the VEI measures the intensity of volcanic eruptions, based on ejecta volume, volcanic clouds, and qualitative observations. It is worth mentioning that the highest volcanic eruption intensity in history is 8, while the intensity of non-explosive eruptions is 0. With each level of ascent, the eruption becomes tenfold more powerful. In 2010, Iceland's volcanic eruption paralyzed flights to just a magnitude 4, and the eruption in the Tonga Islands is bound to have an even greater impact.
However, strong volcanic eruptions above magnitude 5 are rare, and since the 19th century, there have been 11 eruptions worldwide, including 4 magnitude 6 and 1 magnitude 7. Looking back in history, the eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia in 1815 was a shocking event. Its magnitude 7 volcanic eruption index releases more than 100 billion cubic meters of material that sends large amounts of aerosols into the Earth's stratosphere. Globally, plummeting temperatures, frequent, hailstorms, and crop yields have been drastically reduced, sweeping the entire planet.
Pengze County, Jiangxi Province on the mainland, once recorded the scene of the "year without summer" in the county record, and the north wind was still cold in late June of the lunar calendar, and even the wonders of snowflakes dancing appeared. This year, known as the "Year of the Frozen Dead", has become a memorable history. This volcanic eruption not only affected the natural world, but also profoundly shaped the development of culture. Gothic novels based on monsters and vampires also came into being during this period.
Today, Mount Tambora has been built as a park for hiking and camping. However, it has not completely lost its vitality and is still being closely monitored. The possibility of another outbreak remains, keeping millions of Indonesians on their toes.
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