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Behind a series of strategic choices by the United States, it actually continues the "offshore balancing" strategy and tries to reshape the international landscape in order to restore its former glory. This strategy stems from Britain's geopolitical tradition, which has used historical grievances and conflicts to escalate disputes while undermining the power of other countries to maintain a 370-year-long empire.
The United States, as a country far from Eurasia, was deeply influenced by British strategy. After the end of World War II, the United States used the Palestinian-Israeli conflict to balance the Middle East, used the contradictions at India-Pakistan border crossings to win over India, used Russia to contain Europe, and operated on the rise of China and the Korean Peninsula to consolidate its hegemonic position.
But as the United States continues to grow in national strength, it has begun to abandon the euphemistic "offshore balancing" in favor of an "open grab" model. This includes the establishment of a US-centric financial and economic order with the dollar as the pillar, as well as harvesting through economic means, that is, dollar hegemony. In addition, the United States' ten aircraft carrier battle groups are spread across the world's seas, waging multiple wars, such as the Gulf War, Iraq War, Syrian War and Afghanistan War, building military hegemony.
The United States has also strengthened its hegemonic position through political means, putting the defense of its allies under the control of the United States, forcing these countries to follow in the footsteps of the United States in international diplomacy and even interfering in United Nations resolutions.
However, the American hegemony of the Trump era caused discontent. Trump's trade war with Europe, his tough stance against China, and even his withdrawal from international organizations such as the World Health Organization and the United Nations Human Rights Council have attracted global attention.
The outbreak of the new crown epidemic brought the global economy to a standstill, the "harvest" of dollar hegemony was challenged, and the United States had to print money on a large scale to rescue the market, but this did not solve the problem. Realizing that the United States cannot maintain global hegemony alone, Biden began to restore the "offshore balancing" strategy.
This "offshore balancing" strategy is evident in Ukraine and East Asia. On the issue of Ukraine, the United States tried to provoke Russia, undermining the security situation in Europe by supporting Ukraine's accession to NATO, etc., and led to the flow of capital to the United States. At the same time, the United States is also trying to suppress Russia, send weapons to Ukraine, and impose international sanctions on Russia to weaken Russia's national strength.
In East Asia, the United States has tried to contain China by provoking the Taiwan Strait issue and co-opting ASEAN and India into the "anti-China camp" to consolidate its alliance in Asia.
The US strategy of "offshore balancing" has gradually evolved into the "Iron Curtain Policy" and is developing in the direction of a "new Cold War". In the new international landscape, the actions of various regions deserve attention.
In Europe, some countries began to lift sanctions against Russia and even paid for Russian energy in rubles, showing that they did not want to be drawn into the confrontation. On the position of China, the China-EU summit stressed adherence to the one-China principle and willingness to deepen cooperation.
In Latin America, the United States tried to exclude countries such as Cuba, Venezuela and Nicaragua at the Summit of the Americas, drawing opposition from many countries. Countries such as Mexico said they would not attend, fearing the U.S. would use the summit to showcase its regional policies.
In general, the "new Cold War" did not save the hegemonic position of the United States, but put it in a more difficult situation. Inflation, the global food crisis, and the energy crisis are all plaguing the United States, while most countries in the world prefer peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation. The United States needs to rethink its strategic choices to adapt to the new international landscape.
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