#古籍里的历史#
I. The Establishment of the Xia Dynasty and the "Family World"
1. The establishment of the Xia Dynasty
(1) Establishment: Around 2070 BC, Yu established the Xia Dynasty.
(2) Status: The Xia Dynasty was the first dynasty in Chinese history, marking the birth of an early Chinese state.
2. "Home World"
(1) Symbol: Yu's son Qi inherited Yu's position with great power.
(2) Influence: The hereditary system replaces the Zen concession system.
P20 material study: When the avenue was implemented, the world was shared by people, and people with high moral character and capable people were selected... This is called an ideal society. Now the avenue has declined, and the world has become the private property of one family and one surname,...... This kind of society is called moderately well-off.
3. The development of the Xia Dynasty
(1) Scope: The central area of the Xia Dynasty was mainly in the central and western parts of present-day Henan and the southern part of Shanxi.
(2) State institutions: establishment of the army, enactment of criminal law, establishment of prisons. In addition, a calendar was established, called the "summer calendar"
(3) Capital City Ruins: Erlitou Ruins
a. Place of discovery: Luoyang
b. Content:
4. The end of the Xia Dynasty: During the reign of Xia Wang, he did not practice virtue, ruled cruelly, injured the people by force, caused the people to resist, and was finally defeated by Shang Tang, and the Xia Dynasty perished.
Second, SenseTime extinguishes summer
1. Shang Dynasty
(1) Establishment: Around 1600 BC, Tang established the Shang Dynasty, and the capital was built in Bo.
(2) Development: Shang Wang Tang appointed talents to develop agriculture, handicrafts and commerce, so that the economy developed, the people's life was relatively stable, and the Shang Dynasty soon became strong.
(3) Perdition:
Reason A: King Shang was the last king of the Shang Dynasty, he collected foreign funds, spent national strength, built luxurious palaces internally, imposed heavy taxes on the people, and tortured and mutilated the people.
bResult: Destroyed by King Wu of Zhou.
2. Pangeng Qianyin: affected by war, environmental changes and other factors (reasons). The Shang Dynasty moved the capital several times, and moved to Yin during the reign of King Pangeng of Shang, and has remained relatively stable since then.
3. King Wu fell
1. The Battle of Makino
A Date and place: 1046 BC, Makino
bResult: The Shang army defected, the Zhou army occupied the Shang capital, and the Shang dynasty perished.
2. The establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty: In 1046 BC, King Wu of Zhou established the Zhou Dynasty, with the capital Haojing, historically known as the Western Zhou.
4. The division and sealing system of the Western Zhou Dynasty
The role or significance of the division of seals: it ensured the control of the Zhou Dynasty over the localities, stabilized the political situation, expanded the scope of rule, and established the social hierarchy of the Zhou Dynasty.
V. The Decline and Fall of the Western Zhou and the Establishment of the Eastern Zhou
1. The decline and fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty
(1) Decline: In 481 BC, King Li of Zhou competed with the people, causing a "rebellion of the countrymen".
(2) Destruction: During the reign of King You, the dynasty was corrupt and various social contradictions intensified. In 771 BC, the Western Zhou Dynasty was destroyed by the Inujung.
2. The establishment of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty: In 770 BC, King Ping of Zhou moved east to Luoyi, and the history is called the Eastern Zhou.