Source: CCTV News Client
The most direct way to find oil and gas resources in the depths of the vast sea is seismic exploration. In the China National Offshore Oil Geophysical Equipment Manufacturing and Maintenance Center, there is an exploration cable assembly line with an annual output of up to 100 kilometers, which can equip Asia's largest 12-cable deep-water geophysical prospector. What are the mysteries of these exploration equipment? Let's go to the equipment manufacturing site to find out.
CCTV reporter Zhang Congjing: This is the geophysical equipment manufacturing base, and deep-sea oil and gas exploration equipment is produced here. If you want to find oil and gas in the vast sea, you must first find out the structure of the seabed strata, which is like our physical examination for CT.
CCTV reporter Zhang Congjing: This is a model of a deep-water geophysical exploration ship, which carries seismic exploration cables, which can do CT for seabed strata and accurately locate oil and gas reservoirs. Each cable is nearly 10,000 meters long, and these 12 can explore 10 square kilometers of sea at a time, which is equivalent to the size of 1,400 standard football fields.
CCTV reporter Zhang Congjing: On the production line next to me, one of the cables is being assembled. It looks ordinary on the surface, but it is loaded with a lot of sophisticated exploration instruments. This is used to collect information, this is to transmit information, this "little black rod" is called hydrophone, used to receive formation reflection signals, is a key component to do CT for seabed formations.
Nguyen Phuc Minh, chief engineer of "Haijing" equipment research and development: Seismic waves propagate in water, and the sound energy is transmitted to the hydrophone through the vibration of water molecules, and the hydrophone converts the pressure of the sound into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the shipboard system through digital conversion. At present, we have conquered the complete set of piezoelectric ceramic hydrophone technology and completely realized the localization of it. The autonomous hydrophone has ultra-high sensitivity and can feel the weak reflected signal from 10,000 meters of formation, which is equivalent to one hundredth of the sound of mosquitoes.
CCTV reporter Zhang Congjing: When this 10,000-meter-long cable is dragged and scanned in the sea, how can it still work smoothly in the wind and waves? These parts are also loaded on it. This is used to measure the cable spacing, and this is to adjust the spacing. This compass bird with small wings is used to control the depth of the cable so that it can maintain balance underwater.
Nguyen Phuc Minh, chief engineer of "Haijing" equipment research and development: Compass Bird completes the depth control and heading measurement of the towing cable by itself through the target depth set by the system. We have independently developed key technologies such as adaptive depth control algorithms and three-dimensional high-precision compasses. Among them, the high-precision compass can sense the change of the geomagnetic field by 2/10,000, and the dynamic measurement accuracy can reach 0.5°, which is actually more accurate than the dynamic bullseye 10 meters away from a single shot by an air pistol player.
At present, this set of equipment for CT of seabed strata has realized a variety of exploration methods from conventional seismic collection to high-density continuous collection, and then to high-coverage rolling collection, and has successfully completed three-dimensional seismic exploration in 4 work areas and more than 4,000 square kilometers of sea area, marking that the mainland's deep-sea exploration equipment has the ability of the whole industrial chain of research and development, manufacturing and service, which is of great significance to ensure the independent and controllable offshore oil and gas exploration of the mainland and promote the development of deep-sea oil and gas resources.