Author: Yinglun Gao
Huayuan County is the "Chinese Chiyou Culture Research Base", known as "Baili Miao Township", and there is a family ancestral "Badaixiong" 32nd generation palm master (Miao Shi) and "Badaizha" 11th generation palm master (guest teacher), called Shi Shougui (1951.3-2022.5), he is a visiting professor at Jishou University. He has long been obsessed with the inheritance and research of Miao culture, and has written a lot of books.
As the inheritor of provincial intangible cultural heritage and Miao ancient songs, Shi Shougui has published a series of books such as "Ancient Songs of the Miao Nationality in Xiangxi" and "Ancient Songs of the Miao Nationality in Xiangxi Nationality in Badai".
Shi Shougui gave a special lecture on "Ancient Miao Migration Song" at the School of Music and Dance of Jishou University
Appreciation of ancient songs of the migration of the Miao people of Xiangxi and the Badai
Shi Shougui collected and organized
Migration Song No. 1
【Miao Song】
The hole fed enough Hansa to be busy, and buried the cave a few times. (Goosa Pendulum)
Samang ranks apart the male and the column is divided by the male sac. (Cyst Abuse) [Feng 5]
Inside the section, he scolded Li to make up for the winter, and Li Fu Li Dong was single for a long time. 【Kugo】
【Miao Wen】
Dongb wed ged haib sead mengd yongx ,
Manx dongb jid butt gold sead chub . (Gold Sead Baid)
Sead mangb lieb chub boud det xiongt，
Lieb chub det xiongt nangd beis liud . (nangd niub mans)
Pout niax neix mab lid bus dongt ,
Member bus member dongt dans nongd jus . (haod nongd dance)
【Translation】
Listen to me sing this seedling song, and you listen to me sing.
In the song, I am a Miao people, and I want to sing about the ancestors of the Miao people.
The original roots of the ancestors of the Miao people migrated here seven times and eight times.
【Press】 Ancient Chinese Miao, after the Battle of Zhuolu, began to enter a long period of historical migration, due to the Miao people long-term suffering migration, Miao script failed to pass through the whole tribe, far from the king, leaving behind the matriarchal social characteristics of respecting women, traditional villages as social plates, scattered in remote mountainous areas, closed, conservative, backward. After liberation in 1949, under the policy of equality, unity and progress of all ethnic groups in the country, the Miao people were liberated from the suffering history of thousands of years of ethnic discrimination and feudal oppression, turned over to become masters of their own households, and gradually lived a stable and happy life.
Migration Song No. 2
【Miao Song】
Abuse the west to cut you winter hemp ru, abuse the full section to make a hemp basket. (Demarin)
Gou Sangou tea is cut out, and the oil is cut up. (Cut up)
Out of the inner abuse did not solidify, cut the inside and scolded Sha to grasp and raise. (Sha Scratch)
【Miao Wen】
Niub xis boud nit dongt max rub ,
niub basket boud jongb dex max kuangt. (dex max kuangt)
Goud knows goud chab boud qid chub,
Youx laob youx shoud boud qid nangs . (Boud qis longd)
Chub neix goud niub meid aod gub ,
Boux niax neix mab shad zhab yangs . (shad zhas hongd)
【Translation】
Once upon a time we were a good place, and the ancient residence was wide.
Farming is what we do first, smelting is what we start with.
First establish a criminal law to maintain, the wisdom of the Miao people is really not shallow.
【Press】 In the second song of the migration song, only six short lyrics and 24 words are used to express the agricultural civilization, smelting civilization (the number one technical man in ancient times, the originator of smelting), weapons civilization, criminal law civilization, religious civilization (whose prestige was far above the Yellow Emperor) created by the Miao ancestors very well and perfectly.
The third song of the migration song
【Miao Song】
Inside the section, he scolded Li to make up for the winter, and Li made up for the winter meeting soldiers. [Nian'a, Bingwen]
Summon the douwu doudoudou together, and the Jionggu Atai basket is a head. (Sha Basket)
Otoya Ou milk nest in, single meaning is the most out of the standard. (De Azong) [Marked]
【Miao Wen】
Boux niax neix mab lix bub dongt ,
Member bub member dongt huib biongd gold . (Huib BioNGD Longs)
Boud zhaob double wut sweet longd ,
Jongb guox ad tait kuangs yad tous . (Shad Kuangs Hongd)
Yib guox out liet aod neix hongd ,
Daid yib jid zuit chub ad bious . (chub ad zhongx)
【Translation】
The Miao ancestors wanted to relocate and migrate out of their old homes.
From the banks of the great river, there are seventy-one beaches downstream.
There are also eighty-two bays, all of which are family members.
【Press】 Miao ancient saying word of mouth inheritance, Chiyou Jiuli tribe is a tribal alliance composed of 71 large tribes and 82 small tribes such as Jiuyi, Jiuyou, Jiuxiong, Jiuman, Gongxiong, Gongmao, Gonggou, and Daqiu, that is, the proverbial "seventy-one brothers, eighty-two brothers", living in a flat and vast place, fertile and beautiful, is a beautiful home.
The fourth song of the migration song
【Miao Song】
Woo-----hoohoooo Woohoo, Oh: trumpet.
Hold your head high and add eight angtu, and make a lot of noise.
Ouhou Ouhou Hou ----- Entanglement has been hanging on to Ah Conggou for a long time.
Hold your head high a few fierce eight Jirou, and raise your head for a few baskets.
【Miao Wen】
Wud hub wud hub hub___
Jiux neix jud guab ad tans wut .
Ghangx shoud jid jias bab ghangx tub ,
Ghangx laob xiangx mengx chapter jid wus.
Old houb old houb houb____
jiux niub jud guab ad congb gold.
Ghangx shoud jid mengs bab jid rous ,
Ghangx laob xiangd mengs bab jid lous .
【Translation】
Woohoo---- Nine days without a beach.
A raft is no more floating than a wooden boat, and a raft is really difficult to row.
European Waiting ---- Nine days have not crossed a bay river.
The raft is heavy and difficult to row, and the boat weight really can't be rowed.
【Note】 "Ancient Words" contains: After the Battle of Zhuolu, the Miao people began a long period of historical migration. The Miao ancestors of the Jiuli tribe rowed "iron boats" from the waterway, (probably at that time, they were tied into wooden rows with raw trees, and were called "iron boats" because of their roughness and bulkiness. The "iron boat" was so heavy that they walked slowly, as the Old Sayings said: "Woo-hoo, nine days have not crossed a bend of the river." Europe and Europe, did not cross a beach of sand slope for nine days." It can be seen that the difficulties and dangers at that time were extraordinary.
The fifth song of the migration song
【Miao Song】
Ji Nanba Ang Tho Jiuang, a few make up for a few did not take the scruples. (Negodan) 【Aanga】
Rihan beans begged for bon, and Ayoaha roared beans. (Roaring out) [Benya]
A few cannons put up the nest, and the picture begged to go. (Asking for a list)
Seek a single go to the velvet Gaha, and the column makes up for the old standard of winter. (Ji Juman)
【Miao Wen】
Jix nanb bab ghangx toub jud ghangx ,
jix bub jid meix dangb neix gold. (neix gold dance)
lid haib doub wut qiub bangd biab ,
Ad yod ad hab jid hous dout . (Houd Chub Lianx)
jid chab paob tid chub aod lab ,
lab tub jid zheb qiub gold zous. (qiub gold dance)
Qiub in zoud rongx jongb gad has ,
lieb chab bub dongt goud jiub bioud . (jid pans manx)
【Translation】
Everyone rowed to the shore, and there was no way to go on land.
Up the mountain in the Rina ravine, Ayoaha roared in unison.
Pick up the cloth and go up the mountain stream, and the vines pull people up the ravine.
Go up to the top of the mountain and sigh, and find a territory to nourish your mouth.
【Press】 When the waterway is finished, the land route begins. At that time, there were few roads on land, ancient trees everywhere, and undeveloped primeval forests all over the mountains, and there was almost no way to go. So I had to follow the sandy beaches on both sides of the river and trace the river. When encountering some cliff waterfalls with high falling waterfalls, they also have to use vines and some cloth to connect and pull people up one by one, such as the quicksand waterfall in the Xiangxi Deram Scenic Area not far from Huayuan County, and there are still some rock holes that are easy to climb.
The sixth song of the migration song
【Miao Song】
Summoning Rou to ask for help, Summoning Rou enough to ask for help. (Woo Da)
Wuguo Wu obedient hemp basket collapse, I catch Wuling hemp basket board. (Machiha)
The nest turns to the worm, and the woqiu turns to the face first. (ACAOA)
The nest is poor and short, and the wokou is exempt from Miu. (Miao Jiqia)
【Miao Wen】
Zhaob rout gad zhab det qiub longd ,
Zhaob rout goud choub qiub longd jianx . (qiub longd dab)
rage guot wut guat max kuangd bengd ,
rage pub rage liongb max kuangd band . (Max Kuangt hab)
Aot des zhuanx ghangx zhuanx chongb chongb ,
Aox quid zhuanx lab xianx lians lians . (ad jiaos ad)
Aox dex qiongd aid jis mianx shongt ,
aox koud he mianx mioud he pianx . (mioux he qiax)
【Translation】
Go from that rotten rocky beach, up to that rotten sandbank.
White water and black water rise tide, yellow water and water wave head.
The mooring boat is tied to the big rock, and the mooring raft is tied to the large rock block.
After the burning altar burned crookedly, the burning pot burned the mouth to the side.
According to the Miao "Ancient Sayings": We Miao people come from the sand bar by the river, from the rotten rocks and beaches, from the white and black water, from the yellow water of the water, from the place where the anchor boat is moored to the raft, from the place where the boat is tied up, from the place where the burning altar is crooked, and from the place where the burning pot is deviated. It is not difficult to see that the Miao people migrated from the Yellow River Valley, because the beach sand bars, yellow water and water, anchor boat rafts, etc. mentioned in the ancient saying are all environmental scenes of the Yellow River Basin and Jianghuai Water Town. As for why it is called "up", I think it still means to go up the Li River, for example, from the Luxi River up to Jishou, Dwarf Village, Drainage, and Qianyou Mountainous Area, this road is all Li River Beach to the upstream, so it is called "Up".
The seventh song of the migration song
【Miao Song】
Siava begs and Ovaraha begs brother. (Brother Ovara begs Raha)
Zhan Chu Zhan Bola is a show, and Mei is the most beautiful to see Ang to make up for the winter. (Dongaang)
The tide of winter velvet is good and beautiful, and the Luxi is in the forest. (Grab the basket)
The nest beater is entangled, and the public can cross you to get it. (Jiong Youa)
Ask for a complement to the fork of the tile, and ask for the delivery of a single subordinate. (Shan Gou)
【Miao Wen】
Zheb wut zheb xid ad wab qiub ,
Out wab lax hab qiub lax xiongd . (lax xiongd qiub lax hab)
Zhanb chub zhanb pub lad guob xiub ,
Meib zuib meib jianx ghangx bub dongt . (dongt gad ghangx)
Biax chaob dongt rongx shait toud toud ,
Lub xid lub jianb wut loud liongx . (wut loud zhab)
Aox rongx dad zheb jid jiub jiub ,
Gongb nongb shid zib jongb nid nongd . (jongb not ad)
Qiub bud yis wab chab qiub goud ,
yis wab qiub songb danb gold congt. (dance gold niax)
【Translation】
He moved westward once, twice Raha and Brother La.
Zhan Chu occupies the beautiful landscape, and Mei is the most beautiful and narrow and empty.
Walking in the winter velvet clouds, in the Luxi Luhyeon Dam.
Behind the Nest Raider Mountain, the golden dragon loess crosses the rush.
The migration was seven or eight times, eight to Lüdong.
【Press】 According to the "Ancient Songs of the Miao Nationality of Xiangxi and the Baday", the Miao people in the eastern dialect area of the mainland arrived in Xiangxi after seven great migrations, and if you count the founding association after the short village mountain, it becomes eight great migrations.
Specific place names of the eight Great Migrations:
1. The West;
2, Brother Rahara;
3. Zhan Chu Zhanbo;
4, Mei most Mei see;
5. Winter velvet;
6, Luxi Luxi;
7. Nest beaters;
8. Zhan Qiu Champa (Chiu Dashan).
The specific history of the eight great migrations:
1. The West. Coming out of the old homeland, passing through the poor head poor sa, Wucen Wu supplement, blocking and blocking, blocking the bubble prison, early prison, soft and soft, and after the west of the post. Because they found that there were people living here, these people did not recognize their brothers, their sons did not recognize their fathers, their daughters did not recognize their relatives, and their men did not recognize their friends, and their interpersonal relations were not good, so they left again.
2. Brother Rahara. Because there is a cliff in front of it, it cannot advance, but it is only a temporary home. The ancestors struggled to dig the cliff to open the way, and under the guidance of the god Ali and the ancestor's dream, they borrowed the divine shovel to open the cliff before continuing to move forward.
3. Zhan Chu Zhanbo. Zhan Chu Zhanbodhi lived for a long time, was full of people, built a drum meeting, formed a drum club, attracted ogres, could not sit still, and finally had to move.
Fourth, Mei is the most beautiful. Coming out of Zhanchu Zhanbo, passing through Wudong Wudang, Dong called Dongwan, Wuguo Wuqiang, Wuchao Wuling, Sujian Bangde, Sujian Dong Ou, Mei is the most beautiful. Although the place is good, the territory is not wide, and after the people are full, they have to go further.
Fifth, winter velvet tide. After coming out of Mei Zhuomei, after passing through Qiangti Qiangsha, Lizhou Lijian, Bai Grab Gebang, Bai Grab Grid Velvet, Menggou Meng Velvet and other places, I came to the winter fleece tide. The place is very good, you can pick the stars and touch the moon, you can step on the clouds and fog, a paradise-like wonderland, a picturesque place. Later, it was also due to the combination of spine cows and drums, sacrificing ancestors and attracting the disturbance and destruction of several gaga and several hideous (ogres), so they had to move again.
6. Luxi Luxi. Legend has it that the Miao ancestors migrated from the winter pile tide before dawn, and they rode down the mountain on 500 white-legged donkeys and flower-legged horses. After a long trek, arrive at Luxi. After living in Luxi for a long time, it was finally due to the combination of spine cows and drums, sacrificing ancestors and attracting several gaga and several hideous (ogres) to cause trouble, so he had to move upstream.
7. Nest beaters. From Luxi, pass through Chenxi, Hexi, Tanxi, Jishou, and Xiaozhai. Legend has it that a vertebral cow sacrifice was also held on the hillside behind the short village, and then it was divided all the way from Daheli to Daxingzhai, Dalongdong, Shangfen to Makeup, Yayou, Phoenix Border and other places. The other way to Lixiao River goes up to Dekuan, Shangliusha Waterfall, Shangzhier, Longkong, Ranglie, Jinlong, Loess Ping and other mountainous areas.
VIII. Zhan Qiu Champa (around the Chiu Mountain). After arriving in the mountainous area of Chiyou, there was a big mountain cliff barrier, completely got rid of the few gaga and several hideous groans, and the people lived and worked in peace, and they were full of 99 villages and 99 pings.
The eighth song of the migration song
【Miao Song】
Seek a single Miao nest argue, and Ji Lane ask for a single winter nest velvet. (Fuyuyoshikake) 【Shoya】
Gather the single cool velvet and hang it, let the spirit ask for the public energy of the hanging order. (Winter Half Plus)
Gou Ni Mang Gao See Section, Ji Jiong Ya Veneer Bean Roll. (Bandou tea) 【Nianya】
See you Mianyou Ah, Fa Ru Bai makes up for Bai Dong. (Jiong Baiha)
【Miao Wen】
Qiub dand zoud mioud aox yangd biat ,
Jid nongb qiub dand dongt aox rongx . (dongx jid guax)
Longd dand kub rongx nongx jid guax ,
Rangd lieb qiub guab dans gongd nongx . (Dongx Banx Jiad)
Goud nib mangx gaod jianx bioud niax ,j
Ix jongb yad in bans dout gunx . (bans dout chas)
Jianx jianx longd jianx mianx night haod ad ,
Fax rub baid bub jongb baid dongt .(jongb baid hab)
【Translation】
Go up to the waterfall and quicksand, and the top is in mid-air.
Come to Longkong and Jigua, let Lie go to the Golden Dragon.
Gou Ni Mang is high mountain ancestral and connected to the loess ping.
The founding association is there, full of people everywhere.
【Press】 We all know that in the south of the cliff canyon of Jinlong Village, Shuanglong Town, Huayuan County, there is a large mountain where Chiyou lies on its back, which people respect as "Chiyou Mountain", and there is the Qianyou Grand Canyon and Yuren Well below. Legend has it that the descendants of the Chiyou tribe moved south from the Yellow River valley here, and the Miao people buried the snatched ancestor Chiyou bones here, because its bulge became a huge armor-like sacred mountain with its feet facing northeast and head facing southwest, just in the direction of migration from north to southwest. Its divine crown (bronze crown) is placed exactly in Lüdong Mountain, so Lüdong Mountain also has the sacred name of Miaozu Sacred Mountain, Agong Mountain and Apo Mountain. In ancient times, there was no modern administrative division, and the area of Zhi'er, Longkong, Ranglie and Jinlong in Shuanglong Town, Huayuan County, and the area around Lüdongshan in the former rammed sand town of Baojing County are all the same mountain beam, collectively known as the Qianyou Dashan District, and only today have the three administrative counties of Huayuan, Baojing and Jishou been divided.
The ninth song of the migration song
【Miao Song】
Seek Shan Zhan, ask for Jiong Ji Cha, and Gou Bu Jiu Along. (Kua Rou)
Out of the valley
Tangled wine Wulong wine eight, Jiujiang secretly carried Wo Lanneng. (Jiujiang Jilongga Restaurant)
Tang Gu Jiao Fei Ru Zhi Jiao Jiong Jiong Ah Chong Lin. (Ah Chong enough)
Gou Mu Gou came out of Jiang Ang, and reported the sleeping brother of Biaoya. (Water Brother Week)
The armor frame is used by fierce protection card, and it is difficult to see the cotton column read together. (Liebanjiu)
Read Jiu Da for Doujiwa, Ah Pan will make trouble in Ah Ji Dong. (Aji Bean)
Fork and scold, split and scold you. (You occupy)
【Miao Wen】
Qiub in zhanx quid jongb jid chab ,
Goud dub jis pub jud ad longx . (jud ad rous)
Chub jianx jiux guod jiux bengd
Jiux wut zhongb jiux bax ,j
Iux jiangx toud gangx aod lans nongx .
(Jiux jiangs jid nongb gad jiux loud)
Jiux guox jiux feid rub aox zhanb ,
Jongb pab jongb niongb ad chongs liongx . (ad chongs goud)
Gold mux gold chub chux jiangs ghax ,
Baod aod shuib bioud yad shuib xiongd . (Shuib Xiongd Zhoub)
giad jiad yongb mengx baod born kab ,
Jix nanb jianx mians lieb dus niongd . (Lieb Band Jiux)
Dux jud dad weis doux jid wab ,
Ad banb huib laod as zhed dongt . (ad zhed two)
Chab fengx bab nangd yab fengx mab ,
Fengx bab fengx mab fengx night nongd. (Night Zhans Qiut)
【Translation】
Only then did Lu Dongshan District discuss and open up the words.
Brewed into ninety
Nine bottles of wine and sweet hops, sweet wine scooped and sent to the six relatives.
Ninety-nine legs bench large, sitting man and woman.
Gou Mu Gou is a meat official bully, and he protects his life and soul.
A frame reported to the four down, and built a drum association in Gaoling.
After dancing the drum song, they parted up, and some walked aside.
The branches are divided into surnames and parents, and the clans are divided here.
Note: All the above places with double dashes are personal or place names.
【Press】 After arriving in the mountainous area of Chiyou, people lived and worked in peace and prosperity. So people came to worship the ancestors and made a ninety-nine-compartment barrel of wine, and everyone could drink it with a wooden scoop. It was made into a bench with nine legs that everyone could sit on. Gou Mu Gou (Rock Eagle) makes the knife hand and meat, and the newspaper nest (crow) is responsible for security. A frame (magpie) is in charge of reporting customers ... After the drumming dance, people divided into clans and tribes to set up villages and villages in the surrounding areas, set up homes and gardens, and spread in all directions.
Gao Yinglun, 1964, male, Han nationality, Xiangxi native, researcher of Huayuan County Institute of Education Science, director of Hunan Natural Resources Society.
(End of full text)
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