Before reading this article, we sincerely invite you to click the "Follow" button, so that you can continue to push such articles for you in the future, and it is also convenient for you to discuss and share, your support is the driving force for us to insist on creating~
Wen 丨 Ji Nuan
Editor丨Ji Nuan
introduction
As we all know, China is often called "infrastructure madness" by foreigners, because our country's construction workers can be described as opening roads in every mountain and building bridges when encountering water, and there are no difficulties in the construction industry that Chinese cannot be overcome.
However, in the construction projects on the mainland, there are also some cases of failure, some of which cost huge amounts of money, resulting in heavy losses, and finally a bad debt.
Of the four failed projects in the world, China accounts for two.
Bolu Castle Villa
When you see this picture, do you think you've come to Disney or a European town?
Neither, this is the town of Mudurnu in the northwestern province of Bolu, where there are not only rolling green hills, but also a huge complex of castle villas.
This is Burj al Babas, a luxury resort developed by the Sarot Group, located halfway between Ankara and Istanbul, the capital of Turkey.
Each building here is in the Gothic style, and it is said that the appearance is a reference to Disney Castle, and it is said that living in it is like Disney's princes and princesses, but today this villa complex is full of ruins.
It is said that the resort originally planned to build 732 villas, in addition to living needs, also equipped with various entertainment facilities, shopping centers, swimming pools, gyms, etc., the main target group is the wealthy in the Middle East.
As a result, as the developers thought, the Bolu Castle villas were loved by many wealthy people in the Middle East, so much so that more than 300 were sold before they were completed.
Later statistics, the resort's buyers are mainly from Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Arabia and other countries, and a villa is sold for between 370,000 and 530,000 US dollars.
However, no one expected that the crisis would come so suddenly.
Just when the villa complex was almost 600 buildings, oil prices suddenly plummeted, and many buyers could no longer pay the final payment, so they withdrew.
Because of this, the developer's capital chain was broken, and the Sarot Group not only faced bankruptcy, but also saddled with $27 million in debt.
Until now, no one wants to take over this mess, and what was originally a villa resort that was supposed to be a Disney castle has now become Turkey's famous supernatural adventure mecca.
Why would a change in oil prices lead to the group's direct bankruptcy?
In the words of Agence France-Presse, the story of Burj al Babas is actually a microcosm of the Turkish construction industry and even the entire economy at that time.
Tacoma Channel Suspension Bridge
How ridiculous is a bridge blown down by the wind?
On July 11, 1940, the Tacoma Strait Suspension Bridge in the United States was completed and opened to traffic, but only four months later, the bridge collapsed.
This suspension bridge in Tacoma, Washington, USA, has been the subject of a lot of controversy since the day it was built, because all cars driving on it can feel the obvious shaking.
When the bridge was built, two designers had different opinions.
One of them suggested building it the traditional way, so that it was strong and durable;
Another uses a new theory that the bridge must not only be durable, but also aesthetically pleasing and cost-effective.
Since the second designer's new design was more attractive, his idea was adopted.
Construction of the Tacoma Sound Bridge soon began, and before it was put into use, it used "the world's first bridge supported by plate steel beams" as a publicity stunt to promote the strength of the bridge, but after it was opened to traffic, the phrase immediately became a joke.
Passing vehicles can not only clearly feel that the bridge is shaking, but when the wind is strong, the bridge will also deform and look like it is dancing.
Therefore, when citizens pass by this bridge, they will deliberately detour and dare not drive up.
The reason for this result is that in order to save costs, the construction party replaced some materials with cheaper and inferior products, such as replacing the original steel truss main beam with a steel plate beam, and reducing the height from the original 7.6 meters to 2.4 meters.
However, the construction party firmly refused to admit that there was a problem with its construction, claiming that the bridge was made of a very ingenious steel structure, and that no matter how strong the wind could not affect the bridge, and completely ignored the complaints of citizens.
Until one day, a gust of wind blew and the bridge collapsed.
After investigation, it was found that the bridge collapsed because the bridge resonated with the wind, which means that the frequency of the wind happened to be the same as the bridge, so the bridge was destroyed by a not very strong wind.
At that time, many people witnessed this scene, and the bridge became famous, and no matter how tough the builder was, it had been discredited.
It is precisely because of this incident that a damper is now installed in the world when building bridges, and the function of this damper is to prevent the resonance of the bridge again, which is also the contribution of the Tacoma Bridge.
Three bridges of the Qianjiang River
Although China is known as the "infrastructure maniac", it cannot avoid one or two tofu dregs projects.
In the early morning of July 2011, the news of the sudden collapse of the Qianjiang Three Bridges shocked China and abroad. Because in the eyes of foreigners, China rarely has problems in infrastructure; And the first reaction of Hangzhou locals when they heard the news was expected, what is going on?
It turned out that in the ten years after the completion of the Qianjiang Three Bridge, there were many renovations, if the quality is fine, how can it be repaired so many times.
After the accident, the relevant departments of Hangzhou City quickly held a press conference on the collapse of the three bridges of the Qianjiang River, and officially characterized the case as "overloaded vehicles".
However, this reason is not convincing, because the entire press conference is only five minutes, and the process is like going through the motions, casually giving the public a reason to prevaricate and not mention the quality of the three bridges of the Qianjiang River.
After that, the reporter found Xie Xu, professor and doctoral supervisor of the Department of Civil Engineering of the School of Architecture and Engineering of Zhejiang University, and the bridge expert asked the real cause of the collapse of the Qianjiang Three Bridge, and the answer given by the other party was very intriguing.
"Vehicle overloading is indeed the direct cause of road collapse, but it definitely cannot be the root cause."
At the same time, the Central Broadcasting Network also published an article entitled "Qianjiang Three Bridges Collapse: The Construction Party Has Repeatedly Won National Awards but Repeatedly Collapsed Accidents", which confirmed everyone's conjecture.
The final incident ended with the fall of some corrupt officials, and the Qianjiang Three Bridges are still in use, but many locals said that they chose this bridge every time they had to go, but they would subconsciously add more throttle.
Changsha Sky City
The tofu dregs project has at least been completed, and the following project can be described as "stillborn".
At that time, Yuanda Group proposed to spend 9 billion yuan to build a tower in Changsha that exceeded the Burj Khalifa, grabbing the position of the "world's first tower", and the "Sky City" is expected to be 838 meters high and a total of more than 200 floors.
However, to build such a tall building, the developer planned to build more than 200 buildings in six months, which is a fantasy from October 2013 to April 2014, with an average of 15 floors per month.
Therefore, the "Sky City" project was stopped before the foundation was laid, in addition to the construction period and budget issues, there are also safety issues, the "Sky City" to reach 838 meters, but the current highest fire ladder is only more than 130 meters.
This means that once a fire occurs, it is an inevitable disaster, so the relevant departments have not approved the project at all, everything is just an unrealistic fantasy of Yuanda Group.
So far, this so-called "sky city" is still a big puddle full of rainwater, and Xinhua News Agency has ruthlessly ridiculed it as a "city of saliva", completely confirming the crime of Yuanda Group using the sky city as a gimmick to hype.