The "Later Hanshu Lienu Biography" "Cao E" article contains: "Those who filial to the daughter Cao E will be the Yu people." Father, can string songs, for witch blessings. On May 5 of the second year of Han'an (143), Yu Jiang Shutao greeted the gods and drowned, not allowed to corpse. In the fourteenth year of the year, he cried along the river, day and night, and on seven days, he threw himself into the river and died. By the first year of Yuan Jia (151), the county length was still buried next to Jiangnan Province as a monument. After that, a person named "Cai Yong" came to visit, and the inscription was in the stele: "Yellow silk young woman grandson Yi Su." This is a hidden word, known as the first riddle in China, and the riddle is "wonderful words".
Cao E threw herself into the river to save her father
Because of this allusion, the Cao E Monument became famous, and visitors flocked endlessly, leaving many timeless poems. For example, Li Bai's "Laughing at the Cao E Stele, Chanting the Yellow Silk Language"; Li Shangyin's "Yamashita only now yellow silk characters, tear stains still fall six states"; Tang Zhao's "words have fallen in the stele, and the waves have failed to live up to the color silk text", so Cao'e Temple has become an important stop on the road of Tang poetry.
However, the author has read historical materials in recent years and learned about the fact that there were still Shangyu Cai Yong in the Han Dynasty, and felt that there were still many unsolved mysteries behind the hidden words, which needed to be thoroughly investigated.
First, the hidden language is unlikely to be Chen Liu's question
It has always been widely believed that "Huang Xian Young Woman's Grandson Yi Jiu" was inscribed by Cai Yong, a famous literary scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Cai Yong (132–192), courtesy name Bo Qiao, was a native of Chen Liuwei (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province) and father of Cai Wenji. Knowledgeable, good at dictionaries, and proficient in musical rhythm. Emperor Huan entered Beijing. When the Ling Emperor summoned Bai Langzhong, the school book was in the East View, and Qian Yilang. During the reign of Xiping, he was exiled to Shuofang. After being pardoned, he did not dare to return to his hometown and died in Wuhui. When he sacrificed the emperor, Dong Zhuo rose strongly. After Dong Zhuo was improbbed, he was arrested and died in prison. Known as Cai Zhonglang.
However, although Cai Yong has been to the area of Huiji and left an allusion to "Ke Tingdi", the inscription of Cao E's hidden words is still full of doubts, and it may not be his doing. The reasons are as follows:
1. This matter is not found in Cai Yongbian and his collection
The "Later Hanshu Cai Yong Biography" contains, "Yong Shu is inevitable, but he dies in Jiang Hai, and travels far away to Wuhui." Twelve years of correspondence with the Taishan Goat clan. Later, he talked about making the "Jiaowei Qin" and other things, but did not mention the inscription and writing hidden words.
The Sui Shu Jing Chronicle contains 12 volumes of the Cai Yong Collection, and 104 poems, steles, edicts, and inscriptions, most of which are inscriptions; Zhang Puji of the Ming Dynasty had 10 volumes of the Cai Zhonglang Collection; There are also 10 volumes of the Qing Dynasty Haiyuan Pavilion inscription "Cai Zhonglang Collection". In all this, there is no "yellow silk language".
Because of Cai Yong's important position in the history of literature, there are many people who study him today, and there are countless monographs of various kinds. For example, Chen Haiyan's book "Cai Yong Studies" comprehensively examines Cai Yong's family lineage, life, travels, thoughts, and literary achievements, but does not mention the "yellow silk language" throughout the book.
Treatises such as "Cai Yong's Annals" have detailed accounts of the places Cai Yong visited, the events he experienced, and the works he created in his life, but none of them recorded the inscription of the Cao E stele.
This book is not Fan Ye of the Southern Dynasty and Song Dynasty, Zhang Pu of the Ming Dynasty, Chen Haiyan of modern times, etc. do not know that there is a yellow silk language, because they think that this matter has nothing to do with him.
2. The time of inscription does not match
When is the eight-character hidden word inscribed? According to the "Records of the Temple of Cao Xiao'e" compiled by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty: "On the night of August 15 of the second year of Emperor Xingping of Han (195), Zhonglang Cai Yong arrived at the temple... The inscription is Yellow Silk Young Woman's Grandson." Then, various historical books clearly record: In the third year of Chuping (192), Dong Zhuo was killed, and Cai Yong sat on Situ Wang Yun, unconsciously talking about Dong Zhuolai and sighing for it. When Wang Yun heard this, he became furious, scolded him sharply, and took Cai Yong into custody and handed him over to the court captain for punishment. Cai Yong later died in prison at the age of sixty.
In other words, Cai Yong died three years ago, how could he inscribe the inscription again?
In response to this, some people argue that it is just that the "Cao Xiao'e Temple Record" misremembers the time, and mistakenly records the second year of Zhongping (185) as the second year of Xingping (195). In this way, the time was advanced by 10 years, which coincided with the time of Cai Yong's death to Wuhui (between 178-190), and he had the opportunity to inscribe.
However, this is not the case. The Book of the Later Han presents a contradiction on this matter. Compared with the "Bian Rang Biography" and "Cai Yan Biography" in the Book of Later Han, Cai Yong seems to have returned long ago. Judging from the articles and inscriptions written by Cai Yong collected in the "Cai Zhonglang Collection" and "Before and After Han Wen", it can be seen that the inscriptions of high-ranking court officials, relatives, and famous men who died during the Zhongping period (184-189) were mostly written by Cai Yong, such as: Qiao Xuan and Yuan Kui's wife Ma Shi, who died in the first year of Zhongping (184); Liu Kuan, Yang Ci, and Fan Ran, who died in the second year of Zhongping (185); Chen Yin, who died in the third year of Zhongping (186).
Looking at the "Cai Yong Research and Annals", in the first year of Zhongping (184), due to the outbreak of the Yellow Turban Uprising, amnesty was granted to the world, and many exiled people returned, and Cai Yong was also among them. It is reasonable that he had already returned to the political circle of the Central Plains (writing inscriptions, etc.) during the Zhongping period (184-189), but did not become an official in the dynasty.
From this point of view, even in the second year of Zhongping (185), Cai Yong did not have the opportunity to inscribe hidden words. In short, no matter the time or place, it does not match Chen Liucai.
3. It does not match Cai Yong's style
Cai Yong's works are rich in world feelings, fresh and concise language, often straightforward and do not like to turn corners, which is completely different from the cryptic way of "yellow silk young woman grandson Yijiu". Everyone has their usual methods and styles, if Cai Yong used hidden words this time, why didn't he use a similar method again?
Cao E Monument
4. With the artistic standard of "Cao E Stele", Cai Yong will not be greatly appreciated
The style of erecting monuments was prevalent in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Cai Yong was the person who wrote the most inscriptions and achieved the most at that time. He wrote numerous inscriptions in his lifetime, and more than 50 have been handed down to this day. Cai Yong's inscription has the words "Combination of narrative and praise, between the virtual and the real; Elegant and heavy, make good use of allusions; The language is concise and the meaning is profound". Therefore, Liu Wei gave him a very high evaluation in "Wen Xin Eagle Dragon": "Cai Yong Mingsi, unique in ancient and modern times." "Since the Later Han Dynasty, the stele has risen in the clouds, and only then has it been broken, Mo Gao Cai Yong."
On the other hand, what is the artistic achievement of "Cao E Stele"?
The entire stele is 442 characters to commend Cao E's filial piety. "The filial daughter Cao E, the daughter of Shangyu Cao Yi also... Du Shang set up a sacrifice", this part introduces the deeds of Cao E throwing herself into the water to save her father and the reason why Du Shang erected a monument. Next, "Words: Yi Wei filial daughter, Yi Yi posture... Tears covered up, alarming the national capital. ”
praised Cao E's filial piety and regret for the loss of life, and the writing was brilliant. But then "it is to mourn the city and collapse the city." Or have a faceted lead, and use a knife to cut the ear. Sit on the platform and wait for the water, hug the tree and burn" these words, quoting the allusions to the virginity observance of the festival in the Zuo Chuan and the Book of Poetry, which is far from Cao E's filial piety, as if copying someone else's inscription. Further down "What is a big country, self-cultivation." How degraded, the dewy house is thatched. Do not support yourself, do not carve yourself. Yue Liang over the Song, compared to the difference", people are in the clouds, scratching their heads.
Mr. Qi Gong is a thorough reader of the Cao E Stele, and in his article "Discernment of "Wonderful Words", he believes that "there are many inconsistencies in the use of this inscription, and even the intention is not true". He felt that the worst thing was the sentence "life is cheap and death is expensive, righteousness is the door", and it is very rare to use "expensive" as a lure so bluntly.
The artistic achievements of the Cao E monument are far from the inscriptions written by Cai Yong. If Cai Yong read this stele, he would probably frown and shake his head and leave silently. To say that as soon as he saw it, he immediately danced and muttered, "It's so well written, what a wonderful word!" After that, he painstakingly came up with the eight-character hidden phrase "Yellow Silk Young Woman's Grandson", inscribed in the yin of the stele, which is unlikely.
Second, how the eight-character hidden language is connected with Chen Liu Cai Yong
1. The evolution of the inscription writer in historical sources
The earliest record of this event is the "Records of the Huiji": Shangyu Changshang disciple Handan Chun, character Zili. Shifu is weak and has a different talent. Shang first made Wei Lang write "Cao E Stele"... Lang sighed and destroyed his grass. Later, Cai Yong inscribed eight characters: "Yellow silk young woman, grandson Yi Su."
"Yellow silk young woman, grandson Yi Jiu"
There are also questions here, let's talk about it next, first of all, who wrote the question. "Cai Yong" in the text did not have an official title before. It should be noted that in ancient times, the first mention of the dignitary was often required to be titled with a position, such as "Situ Wang Yun" and "Captain Yang Zhen", why not write "Lang Cai Yong"? This expression does not refer to Chen Liu Cai Yong.
The book was written in the Western Jin Dynasty, similar to the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the author, Yu Xian, was a native of Yuyao and knew more about the palm of this area, and there is reason to believe that he knew that Chen Liucai had not come, let alone inscribed, and he was referring to Shangyu Cai.
The Book of the Later Han and the Later Han Dynasty (there are multiple versions) do not mention hidden words.
Speaking of the cracking of hidden words, the "Peizi Yulin" written by Pei Qi of the Jin Dynasty has been recorded, and its content was compiled by Liu Yiqing during the Southern Dynasty and Song Dynasty in the "World Speaks New Language": Wei Wu tasted under the Cao E stele, and Yang Xiu followed. On the back of the stele, there is an inscription "Yellow silk young woman, grandson Yi Usu" eight characters. Wei Wushi Xiu said: "Can't you solve it? "Answer. Wei Wuyu: "Qing is not to speak, wait for me to think." Walking thirty miles, Wei Wu said, "I have obtained it." "Ling Xiu Betsuji knows. Xiu Yu: "Yellow silk, color silk, Yu character is absolute; Young women, young girls, are also wonderful in words; grandson, woman also; Yu word as good; 轑臼, by Xinye, in the word for words: the so-called wonderful good words. Wei Wu also remembered, and Xiu Tong, sighed: "I'm not as good as Qing!" "Thirty miles of Naijue.
It is not about who the author of the cryptic words is here.
Leaving aside whether Cao and Yang had such a conversation, there is an obvious mistake above: Cao Cao has not been to Shangyu. By the Ming Dynasty, Luo Guanzhong would not miss such a good subject when writing "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". But he knew that it was impossible for Cao Cao to "pass under the Cao E stele", so in the 71st episode, it was designed that once Cao Cao led troops through Chen Liu's Cai Yongzhuang to meet Cai Wenji, and occasionally saw Cao E's stele hanging on the wall, so he asked Cai Wenji and used Cai Wenji's mouth to tell the origin of the matter. Because Cao Cao was slower to decipher the riddle than Yang Xiu, it later became one of the reasons for killing Xiu.
There is a solid point here: that is, the author of the hidden language is the father of Cai Yan. Then the attentive reader can find traces of nonsense here: Didn't it say that Cai Yong's inscription was written in the stele, did he "copy" another copy after he returned? So many calligraphy and paintings are not hung in the living room, but the inscription of Cao E's stele is hung up?
"The World Speaks New Language" and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" are not formal history and cannot be viewed as historical facts. The wide dissemination of these works (also mentioned in "Dream of Red Mansions") made the Cao E monument widely disseminated and known. However, in this way, the view that the author of the hidden language is Chen Liucai has slowly penetrated into the hearts of the people and has become a foregone conclusion.
2. Various doubts in inscriptions and historical books
The stele originally written by Du Shang, written by Handan Chun, and inscribed by Cai Yong has long been gone. According to records, in the autumn of the second year of Eastern Shenping (358), Wang Xizhi of the Right Army went to the temple and survived with the Xiaokai book "The Filial Daughter Cao E Stele", and the inscription maintained the original work of Handan Chun. After that, the stone stele was destroyed and erected, and there were multiple copies of the inscription, but the content remained basically unchanged.
It is worth noting that after the inscription, Wang Xizhi added: "Han Yilang Cai Yongzhi came to observe when he heard of it, and read it by touching his text, and the Yong inscription Wenyun 'Yellow silk young woman, grandson Yi Jiu'." You Yun 'Three hundred years later, the stele will fall into the river, and when it will not fall, it will meet the king'. Diary of August 15 of the second year of Shengping" (Yong and Yong can be used interchangeably). After that, the Cao E stele moved the eight-character hidden words to the front of the stele.
Here, the inscription writer directly indicates that it is Chen Liucai. However, there have been many doubts about this since ancient times.
For example, the foregoing is all a matter of the Han Dynasty, why is the word "Han" added before "Yilang"?
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the study of the book was popular, but Cai Yong did not mention that the prophecy "three hundred years later, when the stele will fall into the river, when the fall will not fall into Wang Kuang", it is unlikely that it came from Cai Yong's mouth, and who is Wang Kuang (some versions are written as Wang Kuang)?
辤 and 辭 are currently simplified to words, but in ancient times, the words of 辭 and the 辤 of 辤 were two different characters, how could Cai Yong, as a literary master, not know?
A "big name" like Chen Liucai is here, why is there no one to lead and palm the lamp, if there is no one to guide him, how can he find the Cao E monument in the dark? Because the inscription cannot be seen clearly in the dark, how can it still be inscribed? Who saw the inscription?
Written in the tenth year of Jiaqing (1805), the book "Jinshi Cui Compilation" compiled by Wang Chang of the Qing Dynasty, there are many questions about the Cao E stele: "In the case of reading the text is still touched with your hand, An can inscribe? If this is obvious, it is so... Yong's life has not been used as a hidden word, and 'literary words' and '辤acceptance' are self-connotations, and Yong has written a book, and it must be judged without expediency, and it is not expedient and universal... Why should Yong borrow 辤 as a word? ”
The "Jinshi Cui Compilation" also talks about Cai Yong's inscription time inconsistency, different styles, and no historical records, just like the above.
The rest of the doubts are also that Handan Chunzi Shu is not a Zili, and the text says that he is a disciple of Du Shang and a nephew of Du Shang, and the Book of the Three Kingdoms Wei neither mentions a disciple or nephew, nor does it mention that he wrote a monument for Du Shang. According to the "Records of the Three Kingdoms", in the second year of the early Huang Dynasty (221) after Cao Pi built Wei, "Chun was given as a doctor. Chun's "Pitching Pot Fu" has more than a thousand words, and Emperor Wen thinks of it as a worker, and gives a thousand horses." If Handan Chun had really written the Cao E stele, he would have been 20 years old in the first year of Yuan Jia (151), and by the second year of the early Huang Dynasty (221) he was 90 years old. A 90-year-old humanistic thinking is so agile and promoted and reused, needless to say ancient times, modern times are too rare, is there a mistake in it?
When Du Shang erected the monument, he first asked Wei Lang to write an article, and Wen Cheng gave up because he felt that he was inferior to what Handan Chun did. Then, according to the "Later Hanshu Dang Gong Liebian ": "Wei Langzi Shaoying, will be on the Yu people." Less for the county officials. The brother was killed by the villagers, and Lang Bairi took the sword to report to the county, and then died in Chen Guo. Learn from Dr. Hao Zhongxin Spring and Autumn Chart Wei... First opened the Situ Mansion, and then moved to Pengcheng Ling... Qian Shang Shu... Reinstated as Shangshu. Will be discussed by the party, exempt from returning home. "The year Wei Lang returned home was the ninth year of Yanxi (166), and he had been an official outside the country before, and in the first year of Yuan Jia (151), when Dushang erected a monument, he was not in Shangyu, so why write an article?
All kinds of mysteries are incomprehensible, so Mr. Qi Gong's "Brilliant Words" Debate" says that the Cao E monument is "probably entrusted by posterity." Many doubts arise from attachment to celebrities, and if the inscription is not Chen Liucai, most of the doubts can be solved, and if it is decoupled from all celebrities, all can be solved.
Third, the real existence of Shangyu Cai Yong
1. The Eastern Han Dynasty had Shangyu Cai Yong with the same name and surname
The phenomenon of the same name and surname has existed since ancient times. As early as the Liang Yuan Emperor Xiao Yi's "Ancient and Modern Names Directory", Ming Dynasty Yu Yin's "Names of the Same Name", Qing Liu Chonghua's "Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Same Names" edited by Peng Zuozhen, there are records of Shangyu Cai Yong:
Cai Yong: The Eastern Han Dynasty will be a Yu person, the character Bo Zhao. Reclusive and filial piety in the countryside.
In the book "Shang Youlu" by Liao Yongxian of the Ming Dynasty, under Cai Yongtiao: Shi Shangyu also has Cai Yong, also known as Bo Qiao, who lives in seclusion and filial piety.
Shangyu Cai and Chen Liucai have five similarities: the same surname, the same name, the same character, the same contemporary, and the same filial piety. However, the fame of the two cannot be the same, Chen Liucai and his daughter Wen Ji are known to the world, while Shangyu Cai is little known and almost disappeared in history.
2. The records of the tomb of Cai in the records of Shaoxing Fuzhi and Shangyu County
Today, in Zhujiazhuang Village, Fenghui Town, Shangyu, there is a Cai Ao Natural Village. There was originally a large tomb called "Cai Tomb" on the hill behind the village, which was destroyed until the middle of the 20th century. In addition to the place name of Cai Ao, there are also names such as Cai Shandu, Cai Tomb Mountain, and Cai Tomb Bridge, which are still used today.
The "Jiatai Huijianzhi", written in the first year of Song Jiatai (1201), contains: "Cai Tomb Mountain is in the west of the county, and the legend is that Cai Bozhao's tomb. According to Yonggu, he took refuge in Vietnam, but the history records the death of the sixth ancestor of Yong and his father and mother, and there is no news of a tomb here. In the death prison, there is no Yue. Non-Han Cai Yong Ming. ”
Ming Wanli's "New Xiu Shangyu County Chronicle and Historical Sites Record" contains: "Cai's tomb, in the west of the county Wulong Mountain. It is said to be the tomb of Cai Yong's parents. There is a stone room next to it where the wife guards the tomb, and it is not confirmed. ”
Qing Guangxu's "Shangyu County Zhixiao Continuation Public Opinion Record" contains: "Cai Tomb Mountain, in the west eighteen miles of the county, it is said that Han Cai Yong buried his parents. In front of it, there is Baidun Mountain, and there are stones next to the mountain, which is called the place of the tomb. Qian Jiu's "Cai Tomb Kaoliu": Cai's tomb is in Shangyu, and it is said to be the tomb of Cai Yong's parents, and commentators all regard Chen Liuzhi Cai Yong as deserved... However, the person who knows the tomb does not refer to Chen Liuzhi Cai Yong, but Shangyu also has Cai Yong. It is not known, so it is detailed. ”
Ruins and historical materials all show that there was a tomb of Cai in Shangyu, and Chen Liucai could not have built a tomb here.
3. Clues about Shangyu Cai Yong in historical books
In addition to the above-mentioned "Ancient and Modern Names Directory" and the local chronicles about Shangyu Cai, there are still traces of history.
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yuan Hong's "Eastern Han Dynasty, Volume 24" has the following words: "Climb the soil mountain and look at it, and it is said that I know it." "It is said that Zhu Yan led his army to attack Wancheng, but the attack could not be broken for a long time, so he climbed high to observe the movements in the city, and turned back to Cai Yong with confidence to say countermeasures.
Many historians are surprised by this record: How could Cai Yong be in Zhu Yan's army? The timing is not right. So the same thing, Fan Ye in the "Later Hanshu Zhu Yan Biography" becomes: "Yan climbed the earth mountain and looked at it, Gu Zhang Chaoyu: I know." That is, Cai Yong was changed to Zhang Chao.
The author speculates that in the army of Zhu Yan is Shangyu Cai Yong.
Zhu Yan was also a native of Shangyu, who had been squandering wealth since he was a child, and was recommended by Du Shang to embark on the road of service, brave and good at fighting, and later became an important general in suppressing the Yellow Turban Uprising, and became a lieutenant and a great sinong. The "Later Hanshu Zhu Yan Biography" contains, "In the first year of Guanghe (178), that is, the history of the intersection of the Emperor and the Zhu Zhu, the commander of this county simply recruited family soldiers and transferred 5,000 people. "In ancient times, it was common for generals to recruit troops in their hometowns, and Zhu Ru's recruitment of troops is even more historical. Cai and Zhu are fellow villagers, and Cai has a reputation and talent in the local area, and it is reasonable to be invited by Zhu Zhu to serve in the army.
In addition, the opera "Pipa Ji" is a famous southern opera written by Gao Ming at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, mainly telling the love story of the scholar Cai Bozhao and Zhao Wuniang. The opera is not history and cannot be regarded as a historical fact, but it is generally believed that the protagonist in the play is Chen Liucai, and the author believes that Shangyu Cai is closer. Due to space constraints, the reasons will not be repeated.
4. Reasonable inference of the process of inscribed hidden words
The author believes that the eight-character hidden language of the Cao E stele was written by Cai Yong of Shangyu, and scholars such as Liu Guozhen, Liu Yuhui, and Lv Yunxiang in modern times also hold similar views. However, as soon as this argument came out, counter-questions also followed: since it was asked by locals, why wait decades after the monument was erected? Why not ask questions during the day but at night? If you are a hermit, why sign your name?
In fact, these are not problems. The inscription was written 44 years later because he was not born or was still a child when the monument was erected; Hermits are not lifelong seclusion, just like Tao Yuanming only "did not bend his waist for five bucket meters" until later; Hermits are not incognito, of course they can be signed. As for the "night drop" and "hand touch" are artificially fabricated, they are nothing more than to set off "wonderful words". Touching the monument alone at night, who saw it? All others can see are the few lines of the stele.
So far, I will not take the liberty to speculate on the inscription process of the hidden words of the Cao E stele:
Around the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (151), Cai Yong was born in the village of Cai, Shangyu. He was too young or born when Du Shang erected the monument to Cao'e. When he grew up, he was successful in his studies, quite talented, and famous in the countryside. In the first year of Guanghe (178) or later, he served in the army of his fellow villagers Zhu Yan and became a low-level official such as a civil servant and a councilor. In February of the second year of Xingping (195), Zhu Yong died of illness due to being detained by Guo Qian and suffering from anger (see "Later Hanshu Zhu Zhu Biography"), Cai Yong lost his support and returned to his hometown. When he returned home, he was moved by the deeds of his filial daughter Cao E, and he also wanted to praise the beauty of the Cao E stele. His literature is not as good as Chen Liucai's, and he is not clear about the difference between "辤" and "辭", but he may prefer Qi Men Dun Jia and Tu Zhao Weishu and other learning, and after meditation, he came up with the hidden phrase "Huang Xi young woman's grandson Yi Su" unprecedentedly, leaving a mystery for future generations.
He was a local and was familiar with the turbulent tides of the Shunjiang River and the frequent occurrence of dike failures in the area of Cao'e Temple, and he was full of worries about the Cao E monument on the shore, so he added the proverb "Three hundred years later, the stele will fall into the river, and when it will not fall, it will meet the king". Later, his parents passed away. He was a filial son, and he had accumulated a certain amount of financial resources after several years in the army, so he built a relatively tall tomb for his parents. After that, he remained in seclusion, guarding the grave of his parents, and no longer went to the court, and his filial piety was famous in the township.
Why Shangyu Cai's deeds were finally recorded on Chen Liucai's head, the author believes that there are the following reasons:
(1) After all, the age is too far away, and there are too few records at that time.
(2) Chen Liucai's light was too dazzling, completely overshadowing Shangyu Cai, who had tended to annihilate.
(3) The practice of clinging to celebrities has existed since ancient times, and they have always liked to use the aura of celebrities to raise their own weight. In fact, there is not only one place that assumes Cai Yong's name, but there are many more in the country, so that when it comes to inscriptions, there is a strange phenomenon of "Hanbi Cai Yong, Wei Bi Zhongxiu" (see "Commentary on the Phenomenon of Stone Carvers "Hanbi Cai Yong, Wei Bi Zhongxiu", author Wang Lichun).
Looking deeper at this matter, Cao E's filial piety is sincere enough, Du Shang Li Monument is true, and the rest of the characters such as Wei Lang, Handan Chun, Chen Liu, Cai Yong, and even Cao Cao and Yang Xiu may be borrowed halos. Fortunately, with the help of these celebrities, Cao E's filial piety was widely recited and Cao E's reputation spread, which is a great thing.
About author‖ Shi Jirong is a teacher at Fenghui Middle School in Shangyu, Zhejiang. Committed to literary creation and local culture research, he is the executive editor of books such as "Exploring the Secret of Fenghui Laotaimen", "Fenghui Ancient Bridge", "Fengming Mountain" and "Fenghui Zhenzhi", and broadcasts "History Speaks Shangyu" and "Shangyu Folk Tales" on online platforms. He is a member of the Shaoxing City Writers Association, a researcher of literature and history of the Shangyu District CPPCC, and the president of the Shangyu Ancient County Town Cultural and Historical Research Association.