Henan, the land of the Central Plains, has a prominent history. Kaifeng is no exception. The origin of its name is related to the "foot first down" Zheng Zhuanggong. In the early Spring and Autumn Period of the eighth century BC, Zheng Zhuanggong, after creating the comedy of "Meeting huangquan" with his mother, built a granary city near the town of Zhuxian in the south of today's Kaifeng City, taking the meaning of "Qituo Fengjiang" and naming it Qifeng. Kai, Kai also.
In the early Western Han Dynasty, in order to avoid the name of Liu Qi, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, Kaifeng County was renamed Kaifeng County, which is the earliest origin of "Kaifeng". During the Five Dynasties period, the Later Liang, Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Fourth Dynasties successively set the capital of Kaifeng. At that time, Kaifeng, also known as "Dongdu" or "Tokyo", became the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the country.
Real-life Rainbow Bridge
Personally, I think that the peak of Kaifeng's glory was during the Northern Song Dynasty. After Zhao Kuangyin sang a good play of robes and body in Chen Qiaoyi, the Later Zhou became the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin, who supported the self-esteem of the soldiers, knew that his emperor's seat was not very innocent, and he was suspicious of the military attaché who had military power, and he performed a beautiful "cup of wine to release the military power". He offered the warriors tenderly, ate and drank well, but did not give status. On the contrary, he could vigorously improve the political and economic status of civilian officials. Afraid of being discussed, he personally designed the hat of the official. The two long hat wings were unique to Song officials.
After years of recuperation, the whole country is thriving. At that time, the BeiHe River, which surrounded Kaifeng, became the busiest river. On the river, there are not only various private ships running, but also many official ships of water transport are busy shuttling on the river. Every time you go to the market, the traffic in the capital is busy, and the flow of people is boiling. By the time of Emperor Huizong of Song, Guotai Min'an had reached its peak. He himself was a rare Danqing master, and he also set up the "Xuanhe Painting Academy" to envelop all local talents.
How prosperous was Kaifeng at that time? Zhang Zeduan, a great painter of Xuanhe Painting Academy, gave us a brief introduction with a realistic depiction of the "Qingming River Map". The "Upper River Map" depicts the living conditions of the citizens of Kaifeng, the bustling scenes of shops on the Bian River, the bustling scene of pedestrians, and the busy scene of boats transporting grain and rice goods through the bridge and culvert of the Bian River. It is 528.7 cm long and 24.8 cm wide. According to expert research, it is proved that a total of 587 characters with different identities, 13 animals and 9 plants have been drawn. Including a total of 56 livestock of various kinds, more than 20 cars of different vehicles, and more than 20 large and small boats. This magical painting ends at the gate of Bieliang City. What's the scene in town? Let the viewer imagine it for himself. The word "Qingming" in the painting, whether it is the Qingming of the seasons or the Qingming of the country, has been controversial so far, and the China Pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo, using high technology, "resurrected" the liveliness of that day.
Hongqiao in the picture
Zhang Zeduan's painting is the solidification and merging of historical moments. The "living map" of the Shanghai World Expo is a product of high technology. However, on a land of more than 660 acres in Kaifeng, the scenes of the "Qingming River Map" appeared one by one. This is an important attraction of Kaifeng tourism, "Qingming Upper River Park".
Walking into the Qingming Upper River Garden is like a time tunnel of "one step into history, one day across a thousand years". We arrived before 9 a.m. to watch the first show in Upper River Park: "Open Door welcome.". Infantry, cavalrymen, and young men beating gongs and drums in Song armor opened the gate of the Upper River Garden with a jump. Subsequently, the black-faced Bao Gong, under the escort of Zhang Long, Zhao Hu and Wang Chao Mahan, slowly stepped out and welcomed the guests with fists. Playing in the Upper River Park kicks off.
In the park, all the personnel are wearing Song Dynasty clothes and Song Dynasty costumes. All kinds of tricks and tricks, shouting and shouting, interspersed with performances, but also the tourists' interest is fully lifted. Walk to Hongqiao, see the underwater boats, and see the plot of Bao Gong similar to "Chen Zhou Releasing Grain". Style is the biggest feature of Shanghe Garden.
What impressed me more was a place where the performance was unique: the ancient rope art crackled, the flying knife fell exactly where it should stop, the little boy drilled the fire ring, the spectators were exclaiming, and the little girl's jutsu bent the body to an unimaginable angle... The most important thing is that after the performance, the little girl took a large tea tray, and the man who hosted it next to her shouted: "Rely on your parents at home, and rely on your friends when you go out." Rich people hold a money field, and no money holds a personal field. ”
After hearing the jianghu terminology in a series of film and television dramas, the little girl's tea tray reached out to the viewers. In a few moments, the tea tray was full of banknotes of various denominations. I feel like I'm really back in time in history. And folk performing arts, as imagined, are not extinct in the rivers and lakes, but are hidden in places that we usually can't see.
Naturally, Shanghe Garden is indispensable to the most fashionable performance of the Song Dynasty - polo. The performance I saw was mixed- On horseback, the cool and heroic girls and boys first performed a series of difficult horse movements, and then began the polo game that you chased after me. In the dust, the ball really seems to have life, and together with the warriors on horseback, it contributes a wonderful game.
Entrance to upper river park
I participated in what is said to be the only cockfighting show in the country at the moment. This is the grand finale in the Upper River Garden. The interactive exam behind it, compared to the cockfighting betting, people's enthusiasm for participation is completely different. After all, even formal examinations have the need for knowledge accumulation. Cockfighting is different, pressing money is enough.
On the stage, three chickens, towering their necks, you bite me and fight is awe-inspiring. The people involved in the betting shouted their betting numbers, and their faces were flushed with excitement, like cockfighting in the stands. The air was hot. It turns out that betting can be so exciting! This is the first time in my life that I have participated. It's over, the bet is wrong, because the investment is not much, laugh it off; if you bet right, you will happily go to the organizer to receive the prize; the person who has not voted for anything is sorry for the two failed chickens... Betting, really, can make people crazy, a small game can do this, let alone other things?
Later, I also played the "Qingming Upper River Map" scenic spot in Hengdian. Maybe the main function of Hengdian is filming, which is less interesting than the real scene of Kaifeng. Unfortunately, the Guotai Min'an in Shanghe Garden ended with the "Jing Kang Shame".
Kaifeng has the title of eight ancient capitals and five ancient capitals of Chinese history. Regardless of the ancient capital of several dynasties, there are not many ancient relics that can be seen in Kaifeng now. From the unification of the Qin Dynasty to the first time using the water of the Yellow River as a weapon, the ancient city of Kaifeng has experienced more than one such disaster. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng besieged Kaifeng three times and finally dug a dike to release water, which caused Kaifeng to suffer a catastrophe. Ancient Kaifeng has long been annihilated under the long yellow sand.
According to historical records, after the flood, only the gate tower of the city wall and the roof of the Great Xiangguo Temple were left in the whole of Kaifeng, which brought prosperity and prosperity to Kaifeng, and the Bihe and Cai rivers were silted up by the Yellow River after the release of water. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has since been diverted, and the Northern Song Dynasty's costly Yishan, Gengyue, Zishengge, Jinmingchi, Zhouqiao, etc. are all buried underground, and the base of the iron tower, along with the three floors below, is also buried in the ground...
A corner of Upper River Park
Fortunately, there is a painting by Zhang Zeduan. We know what kind of past Kaifeng has had. Now, because the provincial capital was moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou, Kaifeng's status is far from being comparable to that of the Northern Song Dynasty.
However, the "world's first package" soup bun in Kaifeng is really delicious. I didn't see it at "Upper River Park".
Walking out of the Upper River Garden, I seem to have become a person who came out of the "Qingming Upper River Map".