Introduction:
The development of the nation has never been achieved overnight, through the changes of the times, the Han Dynasty gradually evolved into a large nation, after unification, the people of the Han Dynasty were called "Han people".
Ancient hunting
The culture of the mainland is one of the four major civilizations, after five thousand years, the culture of the mainland is still inherited, and it is not the Han nationality that has the longest culture of which ethnic group has the longest. In our memory, the Han era paid great attention to etiquette, and they were very elegant and temperamental, and compared with the people of the border herders, the two can be described as two extremes.
But what is often overlooked is that the Han are the most martial of many ethnic groups, and once in need, men and women, old and young, can appear on the battlefield.
As the name implies, "Shangwu Spirit" is the spirit of facing difficulties that people showed when they were self-improvement and faced setbacks.
1. The emergence and development of the martial spirit
The earliest martial spirit in history appeared in ancient times. There are many national histories in mythological stories, such as Jingwei reclamation, Pangu opening the sky, etc., and people write this courageous spirit into stories and pass it on to future generations.
Image of a Western Han martial general
By the time of Emperor Wudi of Han, the emperor attached great importance to military development, and he introduced a series of policies to strengthen the strength of the army and recruit a large number of manpower for society, which also promoted the development of the spirit of Shangwu.
In the Han Dynasty, social stratification was still very obvious, and there were huge differences between the various classes. For a long time, these huge differences made social development very unstable, and in order to stabilize the social situation, the rulers began to actively promote martial arts, so that the broad masses of the people could strengthen their health and protect the country.
In these contexts, the martial spirit of the Han Dynasty became the core of Han culture. Famous works such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "Records of the Three Kingdoms" have portrayed the martial generals of the Han Dynasty vividly, passing on their character characteristics and martial spirit.
Angular off
Literary works have spread the spirit of Shangwu to various places, and to a certain extent, they have influenced the culture of many countries. Among the cultural relics archaeologists, we can also see that the martial spirit of the Han Dynasty is extremely prominent.
The Nanyang Han Painting Museum has a collection of portraits of fighting beasts from the Han Dynasty, etc., and we can know that the rulers at that time carried out horn fighting activities many times in order to stimulate the spirit of martial arts, and the pictures showed people fighting between people and between humans and beasts, and these activities were very exciting.
According to the "Book of Han Li Guang Biography", it is recorded that Emperor Xiaowu built the Zhang Palace, spanning thousands of households, and the west side of the palace is the huge Tiger Circle Beast Park... After his death, nearly 200 mammal bodies were found in his mausoleum.
In the Han Dynasty, contemporary kings invited the monarchs of the Western Regions to visit the mainland and invited them to hunt beasts in the mountains.
Fighting Beasts
Looking closely at these portraits, it is not difficult to see that most of the people participating in the fighting beasts are residents of the ordinary class, they basically do not wear official hats and do not wear elaborate clothes, and the viewers are basically royal and aristocratic. The phenomenon of "a hundred beasts circus fighting tigers" expressed in the "Salt and Iron Theory" can explain that the people at that time included taming beasts in entertainment activities.
The rulers regarded these forces as the basic guarantee of survival, and transmitted to the people a concept with a martial spirit. In fact, as early as the "Shangshu Shundian", the hunting achievements of the rulers at that time were recorded; At the same time, in the "Legend of Mu Tianzi", it is also recorded that King Mu of Zhou followed his father to the Kunlun Mountains on a patrol, which all confirmed the early martial spirit of the mainland.
After all, in a period of social turmoil, when countries are constantly fighting, force has become the most direct way to quickly stabilize the situation at that time.
Statue of King Zhao Wuling
It is recorded in the "Han Feizi Ding Fa" that the official positions and treatment granted by the ruler are matched according to ability, and the higher the official position, the richer the treatment received. If there are officials who have fled from the battle, they will be dealt with by military law.
In 312 BC, King Wuling of Zhao's military reform greatly strengthened the development of the Shangwu spirit, and the Shangwu spirit of the Han Dynasty could become the core of the culture of the Han Dynasty, which could not be separated from the former's ideological foreshadowing.
Second, the embodiment of the martial spirit
The spirit of martial arts defended the dignity of a nation to a certain extent, so many majestic martial generals were portrayed in Han Dynasty literary and artistic works. Of course, in addition to the above activities, the development of weapons can also show the strong martial spirit of the Han Dynasty.
There are not many that can be used as weapons on the battlefield, and knives were widely used by soldiers, which began in the Han Dynasty. Most of the soldiers are cavalry, able to quickly resist the attacks of foreign invaders, and the knife is undoubtedly one of the best weapons.
Han dynasty bronze knife
It can facilitate the movement of soldiers and replace the light weight and easy to break the sword, so in that era, knives were generally knife back knives with a certain thickness, and the length was generally about 85 to 120cm.
At the same time, there are relevant policies and systems that can also reflect the spirit of martial arts. During the reign of Emperor Wudi of Han, he promulgated the "conscription system", which clearly stipulated the treatment and status of recruited soldiers. For those soldiers who have achieved outstanding combat achievements, they will also be awarded certificates, and their great achievements will be recorded in the annals of history to encourage future generations.
The Han Dynasty attached great importance to army building, and had strict requirements for the discipline, equipment and organization of the army, and the rulers would also pay attention to the combat ability and physical fitness of soldiers, so the training requirements for them were also very strict.
It is precisely because of this that the strength of the Han Dynasty army is very strong. Han soldiers were able to improve their combat ability in a variety of ways, and they would also use various means to break the enemy's battle plan.
Practice martial arts
The martial spirit of the Han Dynasty was not only reflected in army building and weapon manufacturing, but also in the daily lives of ordinary people. People also pay great attention to physical exercise, they often participate in some outdoor activities, such as fighting animals, playing ball, etc., and even taming beasts as one of their daily recreational activities.
In the Han Dynasty, the Shangwu spirit focused on bravery and loyalty, which were the core of the Shangwu spirit, affecting not only the actions of soldiers, but also the construction of the entire army.
In the history of the Han Dynasty, it has always shown a very fanatical martial spirit and social atmosphere. There are more than 80 articles on martial arts techniques recorded in the Tenth Edition of Hanshu Art Wenzhi. From this number, we can also understand that the Han Dynasty attached great importance to the training and use of martial arts skills.
Brave the Qin army
The martial spirit of the Han Dynasty was also praised by many literati, and Li Yi's "Stuffed Song" vividly and vividly described the heroism of the general.
Third, the influence of the martial spirit
The spirit of martial arts has always existed in the long river of historical development. In ancient times, people had to use force in order to survive, and with development, force became a military capability to resist foreign invasion. To a certain extent, the martial spirit became a catalyst for rulers to demonstrate their national strength through military struggle.
In fact, the spirit of martial arts is essentially the spirit of a nation's unceasing self-improvement, and does not advocate relying on force to solve all problems.
The reason why the martial spirit of the Han Dynasty is so strong is because it was influenced by previous dynasties. From the "Book of Poetry Qin Feng Without Clothes", it can be found that the Qin people have a strong character, dare to do things, and bravely move forward regardless of personal safety on the battlefield. After the fall of the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty learned the lessons of the Qin Dynasty's demise, but the shangwu custom did not disappear with the demise of the Qin Dynasty, but was carried forward again by the Han rulers.
Portrait of Huo Qubing
Wei Qing, Huo Qubing and other generation of martial generals stood out in this context. The martial spirit of the soldiers was a great threat to the nomadic Xiongnu.
In 127 BC, Wei Qing and others launched a large-scale counterattack against the Xiongnu, making the Xiongnu unable to resist in the end. The war against the Xiongnu was won, successfully preventing the Xiongnu's plunder of the Han border and maintaining the development of the Han frontier.
The spirit of shangwu also influenced the cultural development at that time, and the "Shiji" was published in this Han Dynasty, which was full of martial spirit, influencing people's ideas and concepts. For the country, it can inspire more people to stand up for the security of the border and help the country expand its territory; At the same time, it has established an image of self-improvement and courage for foreign invaders, and to a certain extent safeguarded the dignity of the nation.
For individuals, the spirit of martial arts is to face setbacks and failures positively.
Han Army
The prevalence of the martial arts atmosphere in the Han Dynasty left a subtle spiritual influence on the Han people, cultivating generations of heroic Han people, and the spirit of shangwu taught the Han people to learn bravery and indomitability, and cultivated many martial generals. Therefore, in the Han Dynasty, force became an important resource, whether the country or society paid attention to the inheritance of the martial spirit, it is in this way, the military strength of the Han Dynasty and the comprehensive strength of the country have been greatly improved, promoting the development of society.
The spirit of Shangwu also has a profound impact on traditional Chinese culture, which to a certain extent promotes the development of traditional culture, makes cultural development multifaceted and more distinctive, and also leaves many thought-provoking places for future generations.
The martial spirit of the Han Dynasty is also of great practical significance to individuals. It can help people improve their self-confidence and not give up pursuing their goals in the face of difficulties. With the support of Shangwu spirit, it can enhance the cooperation ability and cohesion of the team, and can also help people cultivate good psychological quality and help personal growth.
Shang Wu spirit
Summary:
The martial spirit of the Han Dynasty had an important impact on the cultural development of the country, which promoted the development of society, enhanced the cohesion of the Chinese people, stimulated the patriotic spirit of the people, and promoted the unity of will to jointly defend the security of the country.
The spirit of shangwu has become an indispensable part of the cultural development of the mainland, and the spirit of shangwu in the long river of historical development has not been abandoned by living and working in peace and contentment, but has been continuously carried forward in army building, and has also forged the national blood of the people of the Han Dynasty.
Of course, the martial spirit also brings some negative effects to people, such as: indiscriminate violence and force to solve problems. Therefore, in the new era, we must learn to take its essence, remove its waste, inherit and carry forward the positive Han Dynasty martial spirit, and make it one of the driving forces for social development.
Bibliography:
"Three Kingdoms"
"The Legend of Mu Tianzi"
"Hanshu Art Literature Zhi 10"
"Stuffed Song"