Zhang Zhao (1691-1745). Qing Dynasty calligrapher. The character Detian, also known as Changqing, is a native of Nanhua Mountain, and a native of Huating , Jiangsu ( now Shanghai ) . Kangxi forty-eight years (1709) jinshi. He is a scholar of the Cabinet of Officials, a left attendant of the Punishment Department, a left imperial history of the Left Capital, and a Shangshu of the Punishment Department. Died in Xuzhou, courtesy name Wenmin.
Zhang Zhaoxi drinks, and every drink will be drunk. Good at painting, known for orchids, but also good at music. He is famous for his calligraphy, especially during the Yongzheng and Qianlong periods, and he is good at walking and cursive writing. His books were full of vigor and were deeply appreciated by Qianlong, and he was an important representative of the Qing Dynasty Thesis School. In the early years of Qianlong, the inscriptions and plaques of the imperial books were mostly ghostwritten by him.
He was related in-law to Gao Shiqi, a great collector of the Qing Dynasty, and had frequent contacts with Wang Hongxu, Shen Quan, Jiang Tingxi, and others, and also participated in the compilation of books such as "Shiqu Baodi" and "Secret Temple Zhulin". With the practice of the past, gradually gathered the strengths of the ancients under their own mang, and integrated Dong Qichang's sparse and leisurely cloth white, the steep and dangerous structure of the rice, and the characteristics of Yan Zhenqing's broad and broad atmosphere into his own calligraphy creation, such as flowing gold out of metallurgy, out of the gods, and eventually became a generation of famous artists, with a far-reaching influence.
Zhang Zhao's style of writing was initially gentle and elegant, flowing and traveling, and then gradually became a heavenly bone opening, full of courage, and finally took the strengths of the families, formed his own unique style of writing, across the contemporary era, became the leader of the qing dynasty thesis, and played a major role in the popular qing dynasty of the theory. "Calm and coarse, miaoli and tea ruo, similar but opposite, in the middle of the calm and outside will be wonderful, the outer thickness is very middle but tea ruoye." The eastern slope is dignified and miscellaneous, just healthy and graceful, and the good is wonderful. "It is the most important aesthetic idea in his art."
Zhang Zhao was active in the period of "Kangqian's prosperous era", in the Qianlong Emperor's admiration for Zhao Mengfu, breaking the monotonous pattern of Dong Qichang in the Kangxi period, the calligraphers also began to explore new ways outside of Zhao and Dong Shufeng, the Qianlong Dynasty Thesis calligraphy style is diverse, rich in methods, Zi Yanhong, each with its own characteristics, remarkable achievements, driven by their influence, the Qing Dynasty Thesis calligraphy gradually went to the peak, Zhang Zhao is the leader of this period.
Zhang Zhao took the lead in boldly seeking changes in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, where Dong Shu was pervasive, and worked hard to innovate and practice, repeatedly exploring Dong Qichang's calligraphy ideas, taking the fa on the basis of Dong's family, and then learning Yan Zhenqing and Mi Fu, and finally breaking through Dong Qichang's barriers, and at the same time influencing and driving a large number of calligraphers, who injected new vitality into the one-sided, single and boring thesis calligraphy, and after the hard work and practice of these calligraphers, they actively innovated, and finally pushed the thesis calligraphy to the peak of Qing Dynasty calligraphy in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
Qianlong has great respect for Zhang Zhao, and even under the influence of Zhang Zhao's calligraphy, his calligraphy has many similarities with Zhang Zhao's calligraphy, and the memorial poem written by Qianlong after the forty-four years of Zhang Zhao's trend can clearly see the status of Zhang Zhao in Qianlong's mind: "The book has the strength of rice, but there is no strategy of rice." There is a rectification of Dong, but there is no weakness of Dong. After righteousness, one man, who can do so. Looking at its traces now, it is as if it were made yesterday. The spirit is deep and unlearnable. Throughout the history of Chinese calligraphy, calligraphers have not been admired by the emperor in the minority: Tang Taizongzhi and Wang Yizhi, Song Huizong and Xue Ji、...... The Kangxi Emperor and Dong Qichang, the Qianlong Emperor and Zhang Zhao. It can be said that the book of a generation is like a generation and a writer.