Source: The Paper
Should college entrance examination applicants give priority to choosing a major or have good employment prospects? This question has stumped many parents and test takers.
Many parents are worried that their children's choice of humanities and social sciences majors for employment is not ideal, especially children with poor family conditions may not be able to afford such a high cost of trial and error. In this regard, Luo Lizhu, deputy director of the College Entrance Examination Research Center of Fujian Normal University, said in an interview with The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) that due to the impact of the epidemic and the global economic downturn in the past two years, the problem of college students' employment difficulties has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. Indeed, the employment situation of some liberal arts majors with low professional barriers and weak professionalism is not optimistic, and graduate school entrance examinations, public examinations, and certification examinations are the main choices of most liberal arts graduates, but the application ratio is getting higher and higher, and the competition is becoming more and more fierce. If candidates are not sure which major to choose, he suggests that candidates should consider majors with high professional content, such as accounting, international law, Chinese language and literature.
Luo Lizhu analyzed that children with poor family economic conditions cannot afford the high tuition fees of Sino-foreign cooperation, independent colleges, and private institutions, and there are relatively few opportunities to choose. He suggested that these children rationally choose majors that can be better employed, such as medicine, electronic science and technology, computer science and technology, civil engineering, logistics management, nursing, accounting, statistics, navigation, and military and police academies.
"College entrance examination volunteer filling out is related to children's future career choices, parents and children should calm down and listen to each other's opinions and suggestions." Luo Lizhu suggested that parents have rich professional and social experience, know more about the advantages and disadvantages of some career development, and know the character and advantages and disadvantages of their children, so children should listen carefully to the analysis and suggestions of parents. At the same time, children have their own interests and expertise, and can explain their ideas, professional intentions and future career choices to parents in detail, and parents should also listen carefully and support their children's reasonable choices.
For what makes a good major, Luo Lizhu believes that the ideal situation is to meet the following four conditions:
The first is the major that can give full play to the student's expertise or potential and is liked in his heart, the second is the major with professional characteristics and barriers, the third is the major with good employment opportunities and professional treatment in line with personal expectations, and the fourth is the major with greater future development potential or high income in the near and medium term.
To this end, he suggested that candidates and parents can choose majors from the following four aspects:
First, select majors based on disciplinary strengths or professional interests.
The theory of multiple intelligences holds that there are at least seven different degrees of intelligence in each person, such as language intelligence, mathematical logic intelligence, music intelligence, spatial intelligence, body movement intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and self-knowledge intelligence. Different professional talent training has different requirements for intelligence types, for example, science majors need a good foundation in mathematical logic intelligence, and literature majors require better language intelligence. Some majors are popular or have good employment, but they may not be suitable for every candidate. Therefore, candidates should choose specific majors according to their own advantageous disciplines or professional interests, and try to avoid related majors with their own discipline shortcomings.
For example, candidates with expertise in mathematics can give preference to mathematics and applied mathematics, statistics, economics, finance, information and computing science, artificial intelligence, data science, accounting, international economics and trade, business administration, architecture, psychology, etc. Conversely, candidates with weak mathematics subjects should try to avoid filling out these majors.
Candidates with expertise in physics are given priority to applied physics, aerospace and weapons, electronic science, geophysics, materials science, theoretical and applied mechanics, marine science, thermal energy and power engineering, engineering mechanics, mechanics, information and electronic science, measurement and control technology and instruments, nuclear engineering and nuclear technology, etc.
Majors such as medicine, chemical engineering and pharmaceutical, applied chemistry, materials, nuclear engineering, biological science, geology, forestry engineering, food science and engineering have higher requirements for candidates' basic chemistry disciplines.
Second, select majors based on the results of subject evaluation.
The subject evaluation results are an important basis for candidates to choose their majors. The subject evaluation is based on the ranking percentile of the "overall level score of the subject", and the top 70% of the subjects are divided into 9 grades, including A+, A, A-, B+, B, B-, C+, C, and C-. The higher the rating, the higher the level of education in the subject. The fifth round of subject evaluations by the Ministry of Education has been completed, but it has not been fully announced. According to the results of the fourth and fifth rounds of subject evaluation, candidates can try to fill in the major with a higher subject rating in their favorite institution, or try to choose the institution with a higher subject rating among their favorite majors. Generally speaking, candidates with high scores try to choose majors that have obtained A and B level evaluation grades from well-known universities, and candidates in the middle and upper score range choose B and C majors that are not double first-class famous schools.
For example, if candidates choose to fill in electrical engineering and automation majors, they can choose the universities that are suitable for them according to the college entrance examination scores from A to C in the subject evaluation, and try to select universities with professional cost-effective advantages based on factors such as the region where the university is located and the fee standard.
Third, select majors according to social development trends.
In recent years, the state has vigorously promoted the development of strategic emerging industries, including a new generation of information technology industry, high-end equipment manufacturing industry, new materials industry, biological industry, new energy automobile industry, new energy industry, energy conservation and environmental protection industry, digital creative industry, related service industry and other nine major fields.
In recent years, the employment competition of college students has intensified, and those "hardcore" majors that meet the needs of national industrial development and have high professional barriers are not only better for employment, but also have higher incomes, such as: microelectronics science and engineering, electronic information engineering, electronic science and technology, big data science, computer science and technology, software engineering, microelectronics, network engineering, communication engineering, integrated circuits, information security, smart grid, intelligent transportation, electrical engineering and automation, automation, optoelectronic information science and engineering, statistics, Clinical medicine, stomatology and other majors, the admission scores of well-known universities in these majors have also shown a trend of increasing year by year.
Fourth, select majors according to the level of degree authorization.
Under roughly the same conditions, candidates try to choose colleges and majors with doctoral or master's programs, which can not only obtain higher quality education and training, but also facilitate further study. Candidates can go to the official website of the relevant institution to check whether the major to be filled in has a master's degree or doctoral degree, and at the same time understand the faculty, core courses, talent training mode and other contents of this major.