【Origin】
Shantou is also known as Yuncheng. Shantou gets its name from the sand ridges formed by the accumulation of sediment on the seashore. Due to the continuous alluvial accumulation of sediment in the coastal area of the Han River, and under the action of tidal winds and waves, a natural sand embankment is formed, which is called "Shantou" and "Shantou" at the beginning.
Shantou was originally a fishing village on the coast of Jieyang (later Chenghai). In the Yuan Dynasty, a large fishing village was formed in the area of the current Guanghuabu, called "Xialing". By the ninth year of Ming Jiajing (1530), the area around the current Waima Road Lao Ma Gong had formed a sand ridge called "Sha Shan". In the third year of the Wanli Calendar (1575), the sand ridges accumulated into pieces, called "Shashan Ping". In the fifty-sixth year of the Qing Dynasty (1717), a fort and smoke pier were built in the location of the Shantou Branch of the People's Bank of Waima Road, called "Sha Shantou". Later, the Qing court set up a station here to collect salt taxes, referred to as "Shantou".
【History】
In ancient times, the Chaoshan area was called the land of Nanjiao, which belonged to the "Domain of Yangzhou" and was sparsely populated. In the thirty-third year of Qin Shi Huang (214 BC), Qin Shi Huang unified Baiyue and placed three counties in Xiangxiang, Guilin, and Nanhai, and the Chaoshan region was then part of Nanhai County of the Qin Dynasty, but there was no political system.
At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Qin established Zhao Tuo as the king of Nanyue and established Jieyang County, which began to have a political system. In the sixth year of Emperor Yuanding of the Han Dynasty (111 BC), after the pacification of South Vietnam, the Han Dynasty still set up Jieyang County (renamed "Nanhai Pavilion" during Wang Mang's time), which belonged to Nanhai County, and the Chaoshan region began to have a political structure directly under the Central Plains Dynasty.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Nanhai County belonged to Jingzhou, and in the late Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Guangzhou. In the ninth year (413) of the Reign of The Jin Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty established a regional political organization, Yi'an Commandery (義安郡), which ruled over five counties: Haiyang, Haining, Chaoyang (three counties roughly equivalent to present-day Chaoshan), Zhaoyi (present-day Tai po), and Sui'an (present-day Zhangpu District, Fujian Province).
In the eleventh year of the Sui Dynasty (591), Nghe An County was changed to Chaozhou. In the second year of the Tang Dynasty (686), the tide and spring were cut in half and Zhangzhou was established, and from then on, Chaozhou no longer had jurisdiction over the land of southern Fujian. In the Tang Dynasty, Chaozhou only had three counties: Haiyang, Chaoyang, and Chengxiang (present-day Meixian).
Chaoyang in the Song Dynasty ruled over haiyang and chaoyang counties, and in the third year of Xuanhe (1121), Jieyang County was added, known in history as "Sanyang". In the Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed Chaozhou Road.
After the second year of Ming Hongwu (1369) to the Qing Dynasty, it was called Chaozhou Prefecture. In the eleventh year of Qing Yongzheng (1733), the three counties of Chengcheng Township, Zhenping, and Pingyuan were set up as Jiaying Prefectures. In the third year of Qianlong (1738), Fengshun County was established. Chaozhou prefecture administers 9 counties: Haiyang, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Puning, Huilai, Chenghai, Raoping, Fengshun and Tai Po.
During the Republic of China period, Chaoshan successively established a military government and a commissioner's office. In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), Haiyang County was changed to Chao'an County, and the following year, Nan'ao County was separated from Raoping, and after the tenth year of the Republic of China (1921), there were 10 counties and 1 city in Chaoshan Area. In the same year, Shantou established a city hall and was separated from Chenghai County. In the eighteenth year of the Republic of China (1929), it was renamed Shantou Municipal Government.
After the liberation of Shantou City on October 24, 1949, it was designated as a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of the province, and the city set up the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth district offices. In October 1950, the Chaoshan Commissioner's Office was established, and in July 1951, the Guangdong East Office was established. On November 14, 1952, the Guangdong East Office was abolished and the Guangdong East Administrative Office was established, and on September 23, 1955, the administrative office of the East Guangdong Administrative Office was moved from Chaozhou City to Shantou City.
On November 16, 1956, the Administrative Office of Eastern Guangdong was abolished and a special district of Shantou was established, with the administrative office located in Shantou City, which was a provincial municipality. On November 25, 1958, Chaozhou City was abolished and reorganized into Chengguan People's Commune of Chao'an County, and Shantou City was changed from provincial jurisdiction to Shantou Special District. On November 22, 1975, Shantou Was restored to a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of the province. Since January 10, 1984, Shantou City has been in charge of Chaozhou City. On December 7, 1991, the administrative divisions of Shantou and Chaozhou were adjusted: Chaozhou City was upgraded to a prefecture-level city, and Chao'an County and Raoping County, formerly Shantou City, were placed under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou City.