Zu Jia ,also known as Jia jia (和甲、 帝甲), surname Zi (字), courtesy name Zai (名載), and temple name Shizong (世宗), was the 25th king of the Shang Dynasty of China, the son of Wu Ding, and the younger brother of the previous king Zu Geng. He was favored by his father Wuding when he was young, but he did not want to inherit the throne, ceded the throne to his brother, and lived with the commoners himself; after his brother's death, he reigned for another 33 years, and he was able to take good care of the general public. The Bamboo Book Chronicle states that he conquered Xi rong in his early years and rebuilt the Tang Punishment in his later years. Huo Guang once mentioned that Zu Jia gave birth to a pair of twins, one called "Huan" and the other called "Liang". The Chronicle of History states that he was absurd during his reign, and the Shang Dynasty declined again.
Zujia established a complete weekly sacrifice system, systematically sacrificing all ancestors in five ways: the sacrifice of the drum sacrifice (drum sacrifice), the second festival (dance sacrifice), the sacrifice (meat sacrifice), the sacrifice (grain sacrifice), and the cooperative sacrifice (comprehensive sacrifice). Zu Jia also created the succession system of the throne in his later years, but did not form the first son succession system, nor did he form a strict and covering patriarchal system like the Western Zhou, which laid hidden dangers for the struggle between the princes at the end of the Shang Dynasty.
Oracle bone script, also known as Qiwen, oracle bone Buci, or tortoise shell animal bone text, mainly refers to the late Chinese Shang Dynasty royal family used to divination and inscription on the turtle shell or animal bone, is the earliest known system of chinese and East Asian script form, it inherits the original carved symbols, the lower Qi bronze inscription, is the key form of the development of Chinese characters. Modern mature Chinese characters or standard letters have gradually evolved from oracle bones.
It is generally believed that the late Qing dynasty official and epigrapher Wang Yirong discovered the oracle bone from an oracle bone from Anyang, Henan Province, in the twenty-fifth year of Guangxu (1899). Xiaotun Village, northwest of Anyang City, is the site of the "Yin Ruins", the site of the late Shang dynasty capital. Over the past 100 years, more than 100,000 oracle bones have been excavated through archaeological excavations and other means. In addition, there are also oracle bones in other parts of Henan and Shaanxi, dating from the late Shang dynasty (about 1300 BC) to the Spring and Autumn Period.
The discovery of oracle bone has promoted the in-depth study of ancient Chinese history and paleography by scholars from all over the world, and created a new discipline - oracle bone science.
In 2006, archaeologists and ancient writers pointed out that Tao wen could compete with oracle bones for the earliest writing in China and East Asia.