The only emperor of the two Han Dynasties who was imprisoned in 400 years, from the commoner to the emperor, he only took 1 day
During the Western Han Dynasty, the requirements for the temple number of the emperor were more stringent, so not all emperors had a temple number. Throughout the Western Han Dynasty, only the four most prominent emperors possessed temple titles, namely Liu Bang (Taizu), Emperor Wen of Han Liu Heng (Taizong), Emperor Liu Che (Sejong), and finally, Emperor Xuan of Han (Emperor Xuanzong of Han).
Emperor Xuan of Han, formerly known as Liu Yiji, he had a bad fate, grew up in prison, he was the only emperor of the two Han Dynasties who had been imprisoned for 400 years, and, from the common people to the counterattack of the emperor, Emperor Xuan of Han only took 1 day, which was very legendary.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >, my grandfather was a prince</h1>
During the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty actively expanded externally, breaking through strong enemies and hollowing out the western regions; he respected Confucianism internally, implemented the Tuien Order, strengthened the centralization of power, and created a great "Han Wu Shengshi". However, in the later years of Emperor Wu of Han, the "scourge of witchcraft" broke out, which cast a shadow over the "prosperous era of Han Wu".
In the second year of the Western Han Dynasty (91 BC), the 65-year-old Emperor Wu of Han listened to the rumors of the traitorous minister Jiang Chong and believed that the crown prince Liu Zhao had raised an army to rebel, and eventually broke out the "scourge of witchcraft". After the end of the "Scourge of the Witches", the imperial court was reshuffled, the crown prince Liu Zhao and the Wei family behind him almost disappeared, Liu Zhao and his wife and their three sons and daughters were all killed, and the prince's biological mother, Empress Wei Zifu, committed suicide. The crown prince's guests and subordinate officials were all killed, and no one dared to collect their bodies for them. Fortunately, Liu Zhi had a grandson who was still in his infancy, and because he had just been born, he had dodged the butcher knife.
The child was only a few months old, didn't even have a name, and was waiting to be fed, and he probably didn't feel the death of his loved ones. After the storm, the little guy became a special political prisoner and was put in jail.
At that time, the "warden" was named Bingji, and he saw that the child was too pitiful, so he ordered two nursing female prisoners to take care of the little one. However, the prison conditions were harsh, the little guy was infected many times, almost died prematurely, thanks to the many ways of Maneuvering, and finally saved his life, so Bing Ji named the little guy "Liu Sick".
Once, Emperor Wu of Han listened to Fang Shi's words and said that there was "wang qi" in Chang'an Prison. Emperor Wu of Han was afraid that some prisoners would take away the Han Dynasty in the future, so he ordered that all the prisoners in Chang'an Prison be executed. When Bingji heard this, he personally stopped at the door of Liu Yiji's cell and said to the soldier who came to kill people: "Innocent people should not have been killed, let alone the grandson of the great-emperor." ”
Perhaps because Liu was ill and dead, Bingji froze at the door of the cell for a night, and finally saved Liu's life.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > second, my fate is so many</h1>
Later, Emperor Wu of Han expressed regret for the "scourge of the witches", and he cut off Jiangfu gates and built a "Si Womb" to remember his son Liu Zhao. Emperor Wu of Han later heard that Bingji had protected His Great-Emperor Sun and lamented that "this is the Mandate of Heaven", so he ordered Liu Yiji to be released and his freedom restored.
After Liu's illness has been released, he is only a few years old and has no ability to survive independently. Because Liu's family was all killed, Liu was homeless. Bing Ji first sent Liu Yi to Jing Zhaoyin's mansion, but Jing Zhaoyin did not dare to accept Liu Yi, because this child's identity was too special, and it would be a big trouble if he didn't get it right. In this way, Liu was sent back to prison again. Bing Ji had no choice but to hire a nanny for Liu Yi, and every month he took out some rice and meat from his own Feng Lu to Give Liu Yi and the nanny.
Historically, Bingji was a very clean official, and in this way, bingji's pressure doubled.
Liu's grandfather was Liu Zhao, the crown prince, and his grandmother was Liu Zhao's concubine Shi Liangdi, and when the WuZhi Disaster broke out, Liu Zhao and Shi Liangdi had both died, but Shi Liangdi's mother Zhenjun was still alive. In this world, Zhenjun was the only relative besides Emperor Wu of Han who was directly related to Liu Yiji. Bing Ji found out about Zhenjun's residence and sent Liu Yi to Zhenjun's home. Zhenjun is Liu Yi's great-grandmother, who is very old, and since then, Liu Yi has had his own "home".
Before his death, Emperor Wu of Han was even more guilty of Liu Zhao, the prince of The Han Dynasty, and he ordered people to revise the genealogy and add Liu Yi's name to the genealogy, which meant that Liu Yi was no longer the son of a sinner, and although he did not have a title, he was already a commoner of the Han Dynasty.
At this time, Liu Yi had already met a nobleman, who was Zhang He, the son of Zhang Tang, a cool official during the han wudi period. Zhang He and Liu Zhao, the crown prince of Jian, were close to each other, and like Bingji, he was already very concerned about Liu Yi, and in order to cultivate Liu Yi, Zhang He paid for Xi Xi to teach him to read. Not only that, Zhang He also wanted to marry his daughter to him, but was stopped by Zhang He's brother Zhang Shi'an.
Zhang He's younger brother Zhang Shi'an was a close confidant of Huo Guang, and he advised his brother Zhang He to say: "Liu He's status is sensitive, and it is already a blessing to be treated as a Shu person, and for the sake of our family's safety, you must not talk to him about his children." ”
Although Zhang He had a heart, he could not disregard the safety of his family. Liu Yi has grown up after all, and Zhang He wants to find a marriage for him. Therefore, Zhang He prepared a dowry for Liu Yi and proposed to a criminal minister named Xu Guanghan, Xu Guanghan's daughter, xu Pingjun.
As the great-grandson of Emperor Wu of Han and the grandson of Liu Zhao, the crown prince of Han, Liu Yi's life in his infancy and even as a teenager was extremely painful, and the first half of his life trajectory seems to have long been out of touch with the throne. He was born in the Eastern Palace and grew up in prison, but he wandered among the people. This kind of Liu Disease is different from the emperors of the Han Dynasty, and it is also such an experience that makes Liu Yi more aware of the sufferings of the people's livelihood and more aware of the changes in life, which is also the capital that he can later become a generation of Ming Jun.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > within three or one day, the commoners counterattacked and became emperors</h1>
In 74 BC, Liu Fuling's fate changed drastically, and the 21-year-old Han Zhao Emperor Liu Fuling died without leaving any heirs. Although Liu Fuling and Liu Yi have been two generations apart, the age difference is not large. Liu Fuling was the designated successor of Emperor Wu of Han, and his death made the auxiliary chancellor Huo Guang very troubled. After much deliberation, Huo Guang decided to take Liu He, the Prince of Changyi, the grandson of Emperor Wu of Han, to Chang'an and help him inherit the throne. Unexpectedly, Liu He wanted to emulate Emperor Wen of Han and bring all his subordinate officials from the foreign domain to the capital to set up his own political team. And Huo Guang, as the first powerful minister of the Han Dynasty, of course, could not tolerate Liu He's behavior. Therefore, 27 days after Liu He ascended the throne, Huo Guang deposed Liu He on the grounds that "the king of Changyi was in a coma and feared danger to the society".
Of course, Liu He was deposed, partly because he challenged Huo Guang's authority, and partly because he himself was too dim-witted.
Liu He could roll up and leave, but the Han could not leave without the emperor. In the end, Huo Guang chose Liu Yi, who had been in the countryside, as the next emperor.
Why Huo Guang chose Liu Yi to become emperor, there are three reasons:
First, the recommendation of Bingji. Bing Ji publicly recommended Liu Yijie, saying that although Liu Yi had grown up outside, he was the only bloodline of Liu Zhao, the prince of Liu, and that Liu Yi had read books and knew the etiquette, and was a table of talents.
Second, Liu Yi is already a descendant of the Wei family. Liu Yi was already the great-grandson of Wei Zifu, and Huo Guang was huo's younger brother, and Liu Yi and Huo Wentai belonged to the same "Wei Huo family" and were relatively close in blood.
Third, Liu's disease has no wings. Liu Yi was already a commoner, alone, without his own political team, which was easier for Huo Guang to control.
Therefore, Huo Guang summoned Liu Yi to the palace in the name of the empress dowager, and after Liu Yi had entered the palace, he was immediately given the title of Marquis of Yangwu. From the common people were made princes, this was to give him a relatively reasonable identity. Then, in front of the hundred officials, Liu Yi had officially taken over the jade seal and ascended the throne as emperor.
From a commoner to a prince, and then from a prince to an emperor, Liu Yi had only taken a day. Such a counterattack has never existed in eternity.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > fourth, so the sword is deep, and the Ming Emperor and the powerful subjects are doomed to not coexist</h1>
History must admit that without Huo Guang, there would be no Emperor Xuan of Han. On the other hand, with Emperor Xuan of Han, it was impossible for Huo Guang to still exist.
Huo Guang, as the trusted and important vassal of Emperor Wu of The Han Dynasty, was full of power and had many eyes and ears up and down the government and the public. Liu Yi has ascended the throne as a new lord, and his strength is weak, but Liu Yi will no longer be at the mercy of Huo Guang, he has endured for 6 years, in these 6 years, almost all the major affairs of the military state are decided by Huo Guang, and Liu Yi has only cared about doing some ceremonial work.
However, the etiquette work that Liu Yi had already done was also targeted, for example, he built a temple for Emperor Wu of Han, rehabilitated his grandfather Liu Zhao, and hyped up the merits of Emperor Wu of Han. At that time, Xiahou Sheng, a scholar of scriptures, believed that Emperor Wu of Han's exhaustion in his later years had led to the waste of the world, and should not have built a temple for Emperor Wu of Han, but Emperor Xuan of Han insisted on this.
Huo Guang believed that Liu Yi had insisted on building a temple for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, but it was only to express his benevolent and filial piety. In fact, Liu Yi had already done this with the intention of explaining his legitimacy to the world in order to accumulate the political capital he had to confront Huo Guang.
In order to win the hearts and minds of the people, Liu Yi had already divided the clan and foreign relatives in a big way, as early as the time of Emperor Wu of Han, the Han Dynasty had already implemented the Tuien Order, and Emperor Xuan of Han changed his normal behavior and sealed more than 20 dukes at a time. For example, Liu Xu, the son of Emperor Wu of The Han Dynasty, coveted the throne in his early years, and after Liu Yi had ascended the throne, he immediately crowned Liu Xu's descendants as princes regardless of his previous suspicions.
Huo Guang had intended to give his youngest daughter Huo Chengjun Xu to Liu Yi as empress, but Liu Yi had not budged, and in the courtroom, Liu Yi had said to the ministers: "There was a sword when he was poor in the past, but he accidentally lost it. This sword should be old now, but after all, it is my beloved thing, and I hope you can help you find it back! ”
The ministers were not fools, they knew that His Majesty the Emperor was not looking for a sword, but to establish his wife Xu Pingjun as empress. Therefore, everyone wrote a letter praising Xu Pingjun for his outstanding virtue and proposing to make him empress. In the end, Liu Yi had already fulfilled his wish.
Unfortunately, Xu Pingjun died not long after he was made empress. The specific cause of death is dying of dystocia and weakness during childbirth. Many years later, when Huo Guang fell, people learned that it was Huo Guang's wife who hid from Huo Guang and secretly poisoned Xu Pingjun during childbirth, resulting in Xu Pingjun's untimely death.
Liu Yi had already co-opted the ministers while dividing Huo Guang's forces, and Zhang Tang's second son Zhang Anshi was originally Huo Guang's nemesis, but Zhang Anshi's three sons were not reused by Huo Guang. Liu Yi had already seen the opportunity and appointed Zhang Anshi's three sons as Zhonglang General and Shizhong at one time, and Zhang Anshi was grateful to Dade, and from then on he broke away from Huo Guang and was loyal to Liu Yiji.
Under the influence of Liu Yi's already co-optation and differentiation, Huo Guang's power in the court was greatly reduced. In 68 BC, Huo Guang died of illness, and Liu Yi had given Huo Guang a high-standard funeral and acknowledged Huo Guang's merits, but for the Huo family, Liu Guang still had to suppress it.
To be fair, although Huo Guang was a powerful courtier, in the history of the Western Han Dynasty, Huo Guang made great contributions. Therefore, fifteen years later, Emperor Xuan of Han ordered people to paint portraits of 11 heroes in the Qilin Pavilion, and although Huo Guang was exterminated, he still ranked first. It can be seen that in the heart of Emperor Xuan of Han, he did not need a living Huo Guang, but he needed a dead Huo Guang.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > 5th and 28th Zhongxing Road</h1>
In his later years, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was exhausted and the treasury was empty. Emperor Han Zhao reigned for 13 years, Huo Guang was in power, and although the politics were stable, the national strength was still weak. Since Emperor Xuan of Han ascended the throne, on the one hand, he continued the basic national policy formulated by Huo Guang, and also improved the people's livelihood and rested with the people. The Western Regions Capital Protectorate was set up externally, the Xiongnu and Western Qiang were pacified, the internal importance was attached to agricultural merchants, taxes were reduced, and the price of rice in Chang'an City was once as low as 5 yuan and one stone, less than one-fifth of the late years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
Emperor Xuan of Han ordered the recruitment of talents from all over the world seven times in a row, paying attention to the selection of officials from the bottom. During this period, many outstanding officials appeared in the Han Dynasty, for example, Luoyang Taishou Han Yanshou, Jingzhao Yin Zhao Guanghan, Yingchuan Taishou Huangba, etc. were originally from small officials, because of their outstanding political achievements, they were gradually promoted by Emperor Xuan of Han, and eventually became a generation of famous courtiers.
In addition, because Emperor Xuan of Han's name was Liu Yiji, in ancient times people wanted to avoid the name of the emperor, and the two words "sick" were very commonly used, And Emperor Xuan of Han took the initiative to change his name to Liu Xun in order not to cause trouble to the people. And forgive all those who have been convicted of their sins for offending.
China's feudal history is not only about the princes and generals, but to really comment on an era, it mainly depends on the living standards of the people at that time. During the period of Emperor Xuan of Han, the people of the Han Dynasty lived and worked in peace and contentment and lived a rich life, from this point of view, Emperor Xuan of Han struggled for 28 years and achieved "filial piety and prosperity", which can be called a generation of Ming Jun.
Emperor Xuan of Han died of illness at the age of 43, and in the last few years of his life, he insisted on the simultaneous use of "royal way" and "hegemony", and also advocated the use of harsh means to govern, which is also the place where he was most criticized. But overall, Emperor Xuan of Han was an excellent monarch.
The Western Han Dynasty writer Liu Xiang once commented on Emperor Xuan of Han:
The life of Emperor Zhongzong, the political and religious Ming, the law and the law, the border an, the four Yi relatives, the shan Yu Qiansai, the world is rich, the people are happy, and its rule is too much than the time of Taizong.
Liu Xiang believes that the political clarity during the Han Xuan Emperor's period, the river Qing hai yan, and the world's wealth have actually surpassed the Han Wen Emperor period. The Han Dynasty had two commoner tianzi, one was Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, and the other was Liu Yi, the emperor of Han Xuan, who was ill, and the history was tight, and the civilian emperor should not be underestimated.