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introduction
This article aims to explore the changes and influences of the status of women during the Yuan Dynasty.
Under the social system of the Yuan Dynasty, women were given relatively higher status and rights, such as equal inheritance rights, divorce rights, and property rights with men.
However, the traditional Han view of marriage and family is still dominant, and women are still subject to certain restrictions and discrimination in marriage, family and society.
Through the collection and analysis of literature, this paper will focus on the current situation, changes and influencing factors of women's status in the Yuan Dynasty, and provide historical reference and enlightenment for the study of contemporary women's status.
Characteristics of the status of women during the Yuan Dynasty
During the Yuan Dynasty, although women were still restricted to a certain extent in the family and society, the status of women had improved significantly compared with other dynasties.
1. Relative advancement of women
Under the social system of the Yuan Dynasty, the family system of patriarchs gradually declined, and the native clan gradually lost its dominant position, so the Yuan Dynasty government vigorously advocated the canon system and promoted legal justice.
In this context, the status of women has been relatively improved.
The Yuan Dynasty implemented a policy of relative equality for women, abolished the Song Dynasty's "three from four virtues" and other policies that restricted women, and fought for a certain degree of equality for women in the system.
2. Establishment and development of women's inheritance rights
During the Yuan Dynasty, women were given the same rights as male heirs, and women could enjoy the same inheritance rights after the death of their father, husband or son.
At the same time, the property regime between husband and wife has changed, with non-interference and each man and woman owning their own property and inheritance. This has a positive effect on the advancement of women.
3. Changes in marital and family status
In terms of marriage and family, the Yuan Dynasty period witnessed some changes.
The Yuan Dynasty abolished the strict moral standards set by the Song Dynasty's Three Virtues and Four Virtues, which restricted women's speech, deeds and activities, giving women relatively more autonomy in marriage and family.
In the marriage system of the Yuan Dynasty, women had more freedom under the protection of the family, society, and government, such as the right to divorce and the right to remarry, and the phenomenon of "remarrying without cold clothes" for women gradually decreased.
These changes have improved the status of women in terms of institutions and policies, resulting in better protection and respect for women in the family and society.
The social impact and limitations of the status of women
During the Yuan Dynasty, although women were guaranteed certain laws and policies, there were still certain restrictions and limitations on the status of women in the socio-economic, political and cultural fields.
1. Changes and impacts of socio-economic status
During the Yuan Dynasty, women were still marginalized by agrarian society, and the vast majority of women were in the family and family runs, rarely working outside the home, and therefore lacked autonomy and independence in the economic society.
The scope of women's work was also confined to the family, which led to constraints on women's development in the social and economic spheres.
2. Women's participation in the political and cultural spheres
During the Yuan Dynasty, although the status of women was somewhat improved, they were still excluded from the mainstream of society and politics, and had few opportunities to participate in political and cultural activities.
Women's political and cultural awareness is relatively weak, and their relative independence and personal freedoms are limited.
For women, social advancement can only be achieved through being a wife and filial piety to their parents and husbands.
3. Constraints on marriage and family views
During the Yuan Dynasty, due to the constraints of traditional social concepts, especially the influence of the Han traditional view of marriage and family, women's choice and autonomy in marriage and family were still weak.
In marriage, the attitudes of parents and elders directly affect the marriage decisions of children, and women's marital autonomy is limited; In the family, the concept of male and female ownership is still predominant, and women's family roles are still mainly responsible for housework and child-rearing, and there is no space for independent and active development.
Factors influencing changes in the status of women
1. Socio-economic factors
Socio-economic factors are one of the important factors restricting the development of women's status.
During the Yuan Dynasty, women relatively lacked independence and autonomy, most of them were in the family and family business, and rarely went out to work, so they lacked autonomy and independence in the economy and society.
However, with the development of the commodity economy and the acceleration of urbanization, women began to participate in production and economic activities, and also had a source of income, which also provided the necessary support for the advancement of women.
At the same time, in marriage and the family, with the equalization of property rights between men and women, women not only gain more freedom, but also can protect their rights and interests through economic means.
During the Yuan Dynasty, in the 14th century, commercial pioneers arrived in China along the Silk Road, providing opportunities for Chinese mainland to do business and a platform and opportunity for women to participate in economic activities.
Socio-economic changes are also one of the key factors promoting the advancement of women.
2. Legal Policy Factors
Legal and policy factors are one of the key factors for the advancement of women.
During the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty government took corresponding measures to promote the advancement of women through the formulation of a series of women's protection policies.
The Yuan Dynasty abolished restrictions on women's status and rights, such as women's three virtues and four virtues, and women's banning, established women's inheritance rights, and prohibited abuse of women.
The protection of women in the laws of the Yuan Dynasty was gradually strengthened, which won more social rights for women and laid the foundation for the improvement of women's status in the later Ming and Qing dynasties.
The introduction of these policies has won a certain degree of equality for women, so that women are better protected and respected in laws and systems, and women's autonomy and rights and interests are guaranteed.
This is an important foundation for the advancement of women and one of the necessary conditions for the development of social and cultural change.
3. Cultural and traditional factors
Although the status of women was improved and enhanced during the Yuan Dynasty, the marriage and family system basically maintained its original form, and the traditional idea of the inferiority of men and women and the restrictions of feudal rites on women's identity and rights still existed.
Therefore, in order to promote the transformation of the status of women, it is necessary to strengthen the work of cultural education and gradually change the idea of women's identity and rights being restricted in traditional culture.
The status of women is closely related to the entire cultural tradition, and the improvement of the status of women in institutions and policies needs to follow the change in cultural tradition.
During the Yuan Dynasty, although some laws and policies improved the status of women, the society and culture still inherited ancient customary concepts, some of which represented restrictions and repression of women's rights.
Only through continuous cultural education and changing the prejudices and restrictions on the status of women in traditional culture can we fundamentally promote the advancement of women.
Therefore, the advancement of women is not only a legal and institutional change, but also an inevitable requirement of social and cultural change.
Conclusion and outlook
Summarize the results of the study
Studies have shown that the factors influencing the changes in the status of women during the Yuan Dynasty include socio-economic, legal policies and cultural traditions.
With urbanization and the development of the commodity economy, women began to participate in production and economic activities and had a source of income, which also provided the necessary support for the advancement of women.
At the same time, the Yuan government also formulated a series of policies to protect women's rights and interests, including abolishing women's three virtues and prohibiting the abuse of women.
However, the traditional patriarchal ideology and feudal rites still restrict women's identity and rights.
Therefore, to promote the advancement of women, it is necessary to comprehensively consider socio-economic and policy guarantee factors, and at the same time, it is necessary to strengthen cultural education and change the prejudices and restrictions on women's status in traditional culture.
Other issues worth looking into
In addition to the study of the changes in the status of women during the Yuan Dynasty, other issues worth studying include:
2.1 Impact of changes in the status of women on social and economic development: With the advancement of women, women's participation in political, economic, cultural and other fields has gradually increased, so changes in the status of women have a positive impact on social and economic development. Further research into this impact would contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the significance and value of the changing status of women.
2.2 Geographical differences in the status of women: Changes in the status of women vary significantly in different geographical and cultural contexts. By studying these geographical differences, we can better understand the factors and effects of changes in the status of women, and provide reference and reference for the formulation of more targeted policies.
2.3 Difficulties and challenges in the realization of women's rights and interests: Although a series of successes have been achieved in the process of improving women's status, there are still some problems that are difficult to realize women's rights and interests, such as women's occupational discrimination, domestic violence, sexual harassment, etc. Understanding these difficulties and challenges can help you find effective ways and methods to solve problems.
2.4 Women's movement and social organizations: The advancement of women is inseparable from the support and promotion of women's movements and social organizations. Therefore, studying the history, characteristics and changes of women's organizations and movements can help to better understand the dynamics and drivers of women's advancement and provide more ideas and programmes for the realization of women's rights and interests.
Implications and implications for the status of contemporary women
First, the status and rights of women, whether in the socio-economic, educational, political or cultural spheres, should be fair and respected.
Subsequently, from the study of the improvement of women's status during the Yuan Dynasty, it can be seen that social and cultural change is the way to lasting improvement of women's status.
Therefore, contemporary society should be committed to promoting social and cultural innovation and change, breaking traditional gender stereotypes and stereotypes, and striving for more free and equal development environments for women.
In addition, protecting women's rights and interests is the prerequisite and guarantee for effectively promoting the advancement of women's status.
For contemporary women, the protection of rights and interests should focus more on their equal economic, social and cultural rights and opportunities with men, and prevent all forms of discrimination and weakening.
Of course, the introduction of targeted policies and measures, such as providing business and career development opportunities, prohibiting all forms of violence and sexual harassment, enforcing reasonable wages, and adhering to the principle of fairness, are also of great significance, all of which help to improve the overall status and treatment of women.
Finally, the advancement of women is a long-term process, and it is necessary to further study and explore strategies and methods suitable for the current period, continuously promote development, and strive for more adequate institutional, cultural and economic guarantees for women's freedom, dignity and equal rights.
bibliography
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2. GUO Jinliang. The historical evolution of women's status in the Yuan Dynasty[J]. Yutai Journal, 2005(02): 34-36.
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Text | Nan Nan