He was known as the "Tsar of Literature and Art", the leader of the literary and artistic circles, he experienced the Cultural Revolution, he was the expounder of Mao Zedong Thought, he was Zhou Yang. This name is unfamiliar to many people, it can be said that it is completely unknown, why is Zhou Yang the leader of the literary and art circles? Next, follow the pace of the editor, let us understand the story of this "literary and artistic tsar"!
【Character Introduction】
Zhou Yang
Zhou Yang was born on February 7, 1908, is a native of Yiyang, Hunan, whose original name was Zhou Yunyi. After the Kuomintang reactionaries launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup in 1927, he resolutely joined the Communist Party of China in the days of the White Terror and began his revolutionary career.
Zhou Yang graduated from Shanghai Daxia University in 1928 and studied in Japan in the winter of the same year. In 1930, he returned to Shanghai to join the left-wing literary and art movement, and under the leadership of Lu Xun, Qu Qiubai and others, in the face of the counter-revolutionary cultural "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang reactionaries, he constantly introduced Marxist literary and art theory to China's literary and artistic circles. On the eve of the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Zhou Yang, under the leadership of the Party and in accordance with the development of the revolutionary situation, together with other comrades, advocated the establishment of an anti-Japanese national united front in the literary and artistic circles.
Literary theorist Zhou Yang
In 1937, he went to Yan'an and successively served as the director of the Education Department of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, the vice president of Lu Xun Academy of Arts and Literature, and the president of Yan'an University. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he has been engaged in leadership work in cultural propaganda, serving as deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee and vice minister of culture. He was criticized and imprisoned during the Cultural Revolution. After smashing the "Gang of Four", he came back and served as vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and dean of the Graduate School, vice chairman, chairman and secretary of the party group of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and vice chairman of the China Writers Association.
Late Zhou Yang (right)
Someone once summed up Mr. Zhou Yang's artistic career in this way: the general of the left-wing literary and art movement in the 30s, the organizer of literature and art in the Liberated Areas in the 1940s, the leader of the literary and artistic struggle in the 1950s, the spokesman of Mao Zedong's literary and artistic thought in the 60s, the pioneer of the ideological emancipation movement in the late 70s and early 80s, and the "Encyclopedia of World Literature in the Twentieth Century" called him "the leader of China's literary and artistic circles and the main designer of literary and artistic policies", and we can see the history of contemporary Chinese literary and artistic theories and trends from Mr. Zhou Yang. He is a well-deserved leader of the literary and artistic circles!
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