Today is November 5th, the current winter peach has been listed in large quantities, for this year's winter peach, especially in the northern region of this year's winter peach orchard insect pests are also relatively large, a few days ago I wrote about several articles about the disease of winter peach, but also with the help of a friend of a winter peach park after the field investigation after the actual disease writing, but just today in the friend's winter peach orchard in the morning picking winter peach, found that some winter peach surface is not any abnormality, but the inside of the winter peach has rotted, Then there are some bugs crawling inside, more like maggots, coincidentally, a few days ago a friend's winter peach orchard came a group of consumers picking winter peaches, after picking home to find a large number of winter peaches have signs of being invaded by insects, have come to return, resulting in a serious pest in the friend's winter peach orchard.
For this year's winter peach, the friend's orchard first appeared disease, and then there was insect infestation, the so-called is also untimely, this year's output has been greatly reduced, some fruit farmers have put forward a lot of questions about their own winter peaches, why the annual winter peach bagging, or repeated insect infestations? There are also fruit farmers for peach small fly and is a heartworm silly can not distinguish, today the three farmers planting will take everyone into the friend's winter peach orchard, field investigation and explanation of the harm of peach fly, this article reaches more than 3600 words, reading time in about 8 minutes, I hope this article can be helpful to everyone.
<h1>Winter peach small fly and peach heartworm you have to be able to distinguish</h1>
For some fruit farmers in the winter peach disease, may be the winter peach small fly and peach heartworm can not distinguish, today we will talk about the difference between these two insects, in fact, the difference between these two insects is also a good distinction, winter peach small fly is also called "yellow fly", is a sub-name of the oriental fruit fly, like fruit fly There are many species, such as peach fruit fly, apple fruit fly, pear fruit fly, citrus fruit fly, etc., are all belonging to the oriental fruit fly, like citrus fruit fly is divided into large and small fruit fly, In this later period, we will also talk about citrus fruit flies, so how do we distinguish between winter peach small fly and peach heartworm? The adult insects of the winter peach small fly are fly insects, which occur more seriously in the autumn of each year, and the peach heartworm is an insect belonging to the moth, the peach heartworm is also called "moth moth", which occurs in May and June of each year, like the pest of the fruit fly is mainly to damage the fruit of the autumn, and the heartworm is mainly to infringe on the summer fruit, the two pests appear in different months, the disease month is also different, the heartworm blooms when it belongs to the season of early ripening peaches, and the winter peach belongs to the late-ripening varieties. This pest is rare, so it is easy to distinguish, and then we will talk about the difference between the forms of these two insects.
<h1>Correctly identify the morphology of the winter peach fly you have to see clearly</h1>
Peach small fly mainly occurs in autumn, mainly to autumn ripe fruit as the object of invasion, especially some fruits with high sugar content are more sensitive to fruit flies, fruit flies are also a kind of pest that is more harmful in China, and is currently listed as one of the most important quarantine pests in China, winter peach small fly produces 4-6 generations a year, and heartworms only produce one generation a year, and small fly eaters are mainly larvae that harm the fruit more seriously.
Winter peach small fly eater adult: adult small fly eater morphological characteristics are similar to the usual fly, but the body of the small fly is similar to the color of the bee, the wings are transparent color, the body color is composed of black and yellow, the abdomen is yellow, the tail segment of the abdomen, can see a T-shaped marking, the fruit fly body length of about 6-7 mm, the head is larger than the general fly head, the upper part of the body and the lower part of the connection, there is a clear yellow semicircle, the female fruit fly tail has a developed egg-laying tube, Mainly by the laying tube pierced into the surface of the fruit, the larvae grow and develop inside the fruit. Winter peach small fly larvae and eggs: the early female fruit fly with a thorn tube into the fruit of the winter peach, will lay eggs inside the flesh of the winter peach, and then the worm eggs grow inside the fruit of the winter peach, the newly produced eggs are about 1 mm long, similar to maggots, the eggs in the early stage are milky white, and become light yellow when they become larvae in the later stage, and when the larvaes harm the winter peach, they will feather from the inside of the fruit of the winter peach into pupae, and the pupa of the fruit fly is about 5 mm long, and generally will feather into adult worms in about 10 days in autumn.
<h1>What are the harmful characteristics and symptoms of the winter peach fly? </h1>
As we have already said before, the difference between the small fly and the heartworm of the winter peach is seasonal, whenever it enters the autumn, it is also the active time of the winter peach fly, the fruit fly at this time will be wantonly invaded in the park to the fruit, before the peach fruit fly This insect pest is mainly found in the south, but also harms some fruits in the south, and later in the northern region also occurs frequently, especially in recent years in the northern region, the probability of fruit trees being infested by insects is also increasing, especially the apples in the north, winter peach, Pears and other fruits, are the main object of fruit fly infestation, the southern fruit fly does not have a wintering period, and the northern region of the fruit fly has a significant wintering period, often some fruit farmers in the active bagging of the fruit, but also cause relatively large insect infestation, some years when the insect infestation occurs, coupled with the fruit farmers did not timely prevent and manage negligence, will cause the orchard insect pest aggravation, the disease can reach the orchard fruit damage rate of more than 30%-40%, some serious can cause the destruction of the garden is the possibility of destroying the garden.
The harm of the winter peach fruit fly generally appears when the winter peach is about to ripen, mostly after the winter peach is picked, ready to appear after the color change, the winter peach fruit fly mainly from the umbilicus of the winter peach, or the fruit waist to infringe, sometimes the fruit fly in the winter peach umbilicus invasion, we can only find a dark brown wormhole in the umbilicus of the fruit after harvesting, generally do not harvest can not see, in the fruit waist invasion, with the naked eye can see the appearance of black dots on the surface of the fruit, winter peach in the female fruit fly after the fruit surface piercing, After the eggs will grow rapidly, they will climb into the position of the peach core, and then the position of the peach core will appear a large number of rot, the main reason is that the internal pulp tissue has been destroyed by the larvae, resulting in fruit rot, some immature fruits may be infested in the early stage, it will cause serious fruit drop, the fruit that does not fall off the fruit in the later stage, there will generally be a few larvae nibbling inside the fruit, I found after a few days of constant temperature in the refrigerator of the fruit of the winter peach fly, In addition to the rotting inside the peach core, white mold also appears, and after the inside of the peach heartworm is invaded by the larvae, a large amount of insect feces will appear, and the two affected fruits will be different.
<h1>Before treatment, we need to understand the law of the occurrence of harmful fruits in the winter peach fruit fly</h1>
Winter peach fruit fly will produce 4-6 bands a year, more than other pest algebra, and pests are more difficult to eliminate, mainly because fruit flies specifically infringe on late-ripening fruit varieties, this time coupled with the negligence of the management personnel, it may cause relatively large losses, in the northern region winter peach ripening period is generally between October and November, and the high incidence period of fruit flies in late September to late October, this is exactly the winter peach color period and ripening period, growers know that after entering October, the winter peach will have to remove the bagging, Then the occurrence of insect pests at this time is more frequent, the general insect pest in the morning occurs the law is more obvious, the female fruit fly in the fruit after laying eggs, the egg becomes a larva, will continue to harm the fruit for 10-15 days, and then if the fruit falls, the larvae will crawl out from the inside of the fruit, drill into the ground 1-2 cm after feathering into a pupa about 15 days can become an adult insect, when the weather is cold, the larvae will overwinter and dormant after pupae, and the female fruit flies can lay eggs in the orchard for a month. It can cause relatively large harm to the orchard, and sometimes cause harm during the sale and storage of the fruit, which will cause serious losses to the growers.
<h1>Why do insect pests occur every year in Dongtaoyuan? </h1>
1, for the occurrence of disease in the winter peach orchard, often in the winter peach planting, there is no soil deep ploughing to kill insects, resulting in the soil of the planting place contains a large number of insect eggs, planting is not planted according to a reasonable plant distance, fruit trees are close together, resulting in the park is closed, poor ventilation between fruit trees, no pruning in the later stage, resulting in long branches, the resulting branch pressure is too large, the tree potential becomes weak, easy to infect insect pests. Premature picking of the fruit in the coloring period, the failure to remove the diseased fruit in time, causing the diseased fruit in the field to fall, the larvae will crawl out of the fruit and hibernate, resulting in the aggravation of the insect infestation in the second year.
2, the fertilizer of the fruit tree should be applied in time, so that the tree grows stronger, to avoid fertilization too late, especially the late fruit tree should be fertilized in time after harvesting, the amount of fertilizer in the early stage is insufficient, the later partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, are easy to cause the fruit tree to become weak, easy to appear disease, especially after entering October, the temperature and humidity at this time are suitable for the occurrence of insect pests, insect pests occur more frequently when the humidity is large, so after entering the color transition period of winter peaches, it is necessary to strengthen the management of the park.
<h1>How to effectively control the winter peach fruit fly? </h1>
Effective pest prevention is the key to increasing yield, so we mainly prevent and control fruit flies in the early stage, supplemented by treatment, especially in the usual field management, we must also strengthen the inspection of the park, and when we find that sporadic insect pests appear, we must eliminate them, so that the pests are nipped in the bud is the key to treatment, so the following methods are also recommended to everyone.
1, after the harvest of winter peaches, to clear the garden in time, we can in the autumn when applying the base fertilizer, with the time of trenching fertilization, clean up the eggs of the fruit tree planting soil, after trenching, in addition to the use of fertilizer, you can cooperate with the use of enemy insects or wanling spraying ground, eliminate the overwintering insect eggs in the soil, while the insect pest occurs seriously, we must carry out comprehensive deep ploughing to kill insects, after the larvae are eliminated, to prevent the larvae from feathering into adult insects.
2, usually also to strengthen the pruning of the park, keep the branches between the plants have a certain density, to prevent ventilation decreased, insufficient lighting rate, resulting in physiological developmental disorders in the fruit tree during the growth period, after fruit picking should also be timely pruning of dead branches, diseased branches, etc., the usual topdressing should also strengthen the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, more application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and other nutrients, especially in the winter peach fruit growth period to master the time of bagging, can not be too early bagging and too late bagging, timely cleaning out of the park of falling fruit, The fallen fruit found to be rotten and fallen should be collected in time and destroyed, and then sprayed on the ground of the fallen fruit using octyl thiophos or enemy insects to kill the larvae drilled into the soil.
3, to the winter peach fruiting period, we in order to prevent the larva from turning into adults from the soil, you can cover the mulch film in the place of the fruit tree disc to prevent the larvae from feathering, and when the fruit is about to change color, we will strengthen the pest control of the park at this time, after picking the bag, you can use 1.8% avermectin or BT emulsion for spraying, which can prevent the invasion of fruit flies, BT emulsion can be used with soap liquid when it is used, and when the insect infestation occurs, In addition to the use of booby-trap plates to trap adult insects, you can also use attractants to kill insects, the use of bananas, honey, vinegar, insects made into a booby trap into a killing container or glass bottle has a good booby trap effect, or with methyl eugenol with alcohol and dichlorvos emulsion booby-trap also has a good effect.
In the event of disease, timely spraying of drugs to kill insects can be used 24% Maranthoe 800 times, 50% malathion if 1000 times, 50% borer pine emulsion 1000 times, 2.5% flupermethrin emulsion 1500 times, the main spraying canopy, spraying time in the morning and evening, sprayed once every 10-15 days, 2-3 times continuously.