Of the four desert animals, the third is more precious than a national treasure, and the last one is on the verge of extinction
In general, deserts are in short supply of water, vegetation is extremely sparse, and strong hurricanes and dust storms are experienced at many times of the year. In addition, the temperature of sand surface will be very high in the heat, and the temperature in winter is generally below -20 °C. In such harsh living conditions, there are still many animals that can adapt to such an environment, let's take a look at which desert animals.
1. Camels - desert oases
Camels can survive for 3 weeks without water and up to a month without food. Why are they so thirsty? Camels are divided into single-peaked, bimodal and mixed-race camels. The meat peak on their backs contains fat, and the stomach contains three stomach chambers, which contain 20 to 30 water tanks, which can store water. In harsh desert conditions, such a body structure makes the supply of energy and water not too much of a problem.
In addition, camels have double eyelids and thick long eyelashes, as well as hairs in their ears, which can prevent wind and sand from entering the eyes and ears. The camel's nose also closes freely, which allows it to absorb the exhaled moisture without losing it out of the body. When walking on the hot and soft sand, the thick skin of the flesh pads under their feet gave them suitable shoes, which allowed them not to fall into the sand. Camels often march in groups through the desert, partly because the camels in front of them can block part of the wind and sand, and partly because it is safer to follow the footprints in front. Generally, the camels in front of the team leader are very experienced, and there is no mistake in following it.
Second, the long-eared jerboa - Mickey Mouse in the desert
The long-eared jerboa is one of the 100 most endangered and extinct species in the world. Their ears are generally about 4 centimeters long, almost half the length of the body, and the head is three times larger, known as "Mickey Mouse in the Desert". The long-eared jerboa generally lives in desert areas, mostly at night, and stays in underground burrows during the day.
Increasingly arid deserts, a warming global climate, and rampant illegal gold mining have dealt a catastrophic blow to the desert ecology in which the long-eared jerboa lives. In addition, as agriculture enters desert areas and illegal mining, more and more wild cats are being brought into the desert and have become the main killers of rodents. It is estimated that about 80% of jerboas have been lost in the past 10 years.
Third, the Asian wild donkey - the donkey who digs the well
The Asian wild ass is a grade 1 protected animal in China. They generally live in desert or semi-desert areas, going to mountains at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters in the summer and living at lower altitudes in the winter. They are particularly drought tolerant and can go days without drinking water.
What is more amazing is that the clever Mongolian wild donkey will choose a place with a high groundwater level in the river bend to "dig a well" when there is a drought and lack of water. Local herders call the well a "donkey well.". The water they planed out can also provide water for ungulates such as Tibetan antelopes, benefiting other animals, which is very loving.
Fourth, the Gobi bear - the unlucky bear in reality
Spread over three oases in Mongolia's Gobi Desert, Gobi bears have become extinct in other parts of the world, making them a realistic version of the "unlucky bear". With temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius in the summer and minus 34 degrees Celsius in winter, no bear can withstand such an extreme and changeable environment, and the Gobi bear is the only bear that adapts to the desert climate. At present, there are only more than 20 Gobi bears living in the 45,000 square kilometers of Area A of the Great Gobi Reserve in Mongolia. The decline in the population of Gobi bears is related to the deterioration of their living environment. In addition, Gobi bears have a long reproductive cycle and few litters, usually every two years to give birth to only 1 litter, and the survival rate of young cubs is very low, which is also one of the reasons for the decrease in the number of Gobi bears.
Last year, the implementation agreement of the Chinese government's assistance to Mongolia's Gobi bear protection technology project was officially signed in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia. According to the agreement, China will provide technical and management support to help Mongolia protect this endangered and rare animal, and realize the docking of China and Mongolia in further promoting the "Belt and Road" initiative and the "Road to Development" strategy.
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