The other day, when I was researching the advertising identifier "OAID" (Open Anonymous IDentifier) of the Android/Harmony system, I wrote an article about the collection of personal privacy by the Android/Harmony system (collecting so much personal privacy information, knowing me better than myself, is really terrible!). ), which triggered a lively discussion among friends in the comment area. At the request of my friends, I conducted a preliminary exploration of the advertising identifier "IDFA" (IDentifier For Advertising) of Apple's iPadOS/iOS system on an iPad, and found that Apple also spares no effort in collecting personal privacy information!
A brief background: Apple came up with an IDFA that can reset the advertising identifier IDFA in order to avoid leaking the unique device IDentifier, which is important to users and cannot be changed. On the same Apple device, all apps get the same IDFA, and you can recommend ads in a targeted manner. Associated with the IDFA are digital portraits of users with various labels.
Apple hands over control of private information to users
On my lover's iPad (system version 15.7.5), follow the path: Settings - Privacy - Apple Ads, and come to the Apple Ads View Settings page, as shown in the following figure:
Apple Ads page
It emphasizes: "The Apple advertising platform does not track your activity and does not track your activity in apps and websites owned by other companies", remember this passage and you will see it inconsistencies in a while, slap yourself in the face! It reads: "Apple uses ad targeting to provide you with a personalized advertising experience," which means that IDFA and corresponding labeled digital personas of users are provided to advertisers. On this page, the "Limit Ad Tracking" switch and the "Restore Ad Identifier" button of the old iOS system can no longer be found, replaced by the "Personalized Ads" switch.
Legacy iOS "Advertising" page (netmap)
Click "View Advertising Targeting Information" on the "Apple Ads" page to get the page below. The age, gender, location and other information provided when registering an Apple ID are bound to the IDFA. The location information is a 6-digit zip code, which can be accurate to the county-level administrative area.
Apple's advertising targeting
The "contextual information" at the bottom of the figure should refer to the context in which the "personalized ads" switch is turned on and the advertising targeting information is recommended:
- In the App Store, your search queries and information about the page you're viewing or the app you're downloading may be used to select relevant ads.
- In Apple News and Stocks, the types of stories you read may be used to select relevant ads.
- In addition, information about your device's keyboard language setting, device type, operating system version, mobile operator, and network connection type may be used to show you ads.
- If Location Services is turned on and you've allowed the App Store, Apple News, or Apple TV app to access your location, your location may be used to show you location-related ads in each app.
The above scenarios are all personalized advertising recommendations achieved by Apple's advertising platform after tracking my activities. The previous outrageous "don't track your activities" is a joke. The "Apple Ads" page "You can control how Apple uses your information" puts it more modestly, generously acknowledging that some of the user's private data will be collected, but the data will be used according to the user's wishes.
Apple Advertising and Privacy
Below, let's take a look at what user privacy information Apple collects. Use your browser to visit Apple's "Privacy" - "Control" page (https://www.apple.com.cn/privacy/control/) and you will see the huge "Control, all yours" words.
Control your sharing page
One of them, called the Privacy Label, describes its functionality as follows: "The App Store product introduction page includes a privacy description section that presents a developer-provided report on how privacy information is handled in a concise, easy-to-read hashtag summary. From this summary, you can learn how developers collect and use your data, such as your location, browsing history, and contacts. Apple will continue to update this feature and work with developers to ensure that users are informed and make choices. ”
Types of data that Apple apps may collect
Apple has made it clear that in the App Store app market, the following types of privacy data may be collected with the user's permission. Include:
- Contact information: name, email address, physical address, other user contact information
- Health & Fitness: Health, Fitness
- Financial information: payment information, credit information, other financial information
- Location: precise position, rough position
- Sensitive information
- Contact
- User Content: Email or SMS, Photos or Videos, Audio Data, Game Content, Customer Support, Other User Content
- Browsing history
- Search history
- Identifier: User ID, Device ID
- Purchase items
- Usage Data: Product interactions, advertising data, other usage data
- Diagnostics: crash data, performance data, other diagnostic data
- Additional data (pocket item)
Types of Data Apple Apps May Collect (Part 1)
Types of Data Apple Apps May Collect (Part 2)
Types of Data Apple Apps May Collect (Part 3)
From this point of view, Apple is very generous to Apple applications, and applications can request 14 types of data from the system; At the same time, Apple is honest with users, and users have the right to know. The following figure is an example of an app provided by Apple itself:
Privacy use of an app in the app marketplace (netmap)
There is a switch on Apple devices to manage whether the Apple App can track/track the user's activities, the switch is located in "Settings" - "Privacy" - "Tracking", as shown in the figure below.
Settings—Privacy—Tracking settings
There aren't many apps installed on my wife's iPad, and as you can see from the image above, only two of them have requested permission to track user activity. Not sure if this is related to the track/trace exception:
- Data is only associated with your device and is not sent out from your device in a way that identifies you or your device.
- Data brokers use this shared data solely on behalf of developers and for fraud detection, fraud prevention, or security purposes only.
Exceptions to Track/Tracing
Other privacy-related settings
In Apple's Location Services, location uses information such as GPS, Bluetooth, crowdsourced Wi-Fi hotspots and cell tower locations. When Location Services is turned on, Apple collects location information about nearby Wi-Fi hotspots and cell towers and uploads it to Apple servers.
Privacy content in location services
To make Apple's Siri smarter, Apple collects information about users' contacts or specific information about music, books and podcasts they enjoy. Even audio of a user's interaction with Siri may be stored and evaluated by Apple.
Privacy content in Siri
The ability of Apple systems to find devices is very powerful. "Devices in the Find My network use Bluetooth wireless technology to detect nearby lost devices or compatible items (including AirTags registered to your Apple ID and compatible third-party products) and report their approximate location to owners," Apple said. "This may be the technical principle that the so-called device itself on the network is not networked, but will also be connected to the Internet through the surrounding Apple devices, so as to update the positioning information story in real time."
Powerful "find" function
Recommendations for protecting privacy
Apple clearly informs users of the fact that applications (including its own apps and third-party applications) may collect users' private information. If the user does not agree, Apple will not give private information to the app. Therefore, if you want to use an Apple mobile phone, the user itself must have enough relevant knowledge and a certain awareness of privacy protection, so as to better protect personal privacy information. Specifically, the following suggestions are made:
- Turn off "Personalized ads"
- Turn off "Allow APP request tracing"
- Turn off unnecessary apps "Location Services"
- Use Siri features sparingly
- Use the Find function sparingly
#Headline Creation Challenge##手机隐私 #