Focus on the prevention and control of the American white moth throughout the year
In the past two years, the occurrence of American white moths in our city has not caused great harm, and in the investigation, it was found that there were sporadic occurrences in individual property communities and three jurisdictional areas. However, we must not take it lightly, and if we find it, we will kill it immediately. At the same time, all districts and cities should strengthen publicity, make emergency preparations, and truly eliminate the occurrence and harm of American white moths in our city.
According to the observations in recent years, the relative time of harm of American white moth in Qingdao City is summarized:
• 1st larva: May 28 - July 18, Takamine June 14,
• 2nd larva: July 25 - August 29, Takamine August 18,
• 3rd generation larvae: September 10 to the end of October, peak mid-September,
• Overwintering adults: April 25 to July 10, peak may 15
• 1st generation of adult insects: July 15 to August 13, peak July 18
• 2nd generation of adults: August 16-August 29, peak august 28
• Overwintering larvae begin to descend trees in search of hiding places at the end of October, pupating in trees or in hidden places in tree bodies at the latest in early November.
Recent trends in disease occurrence
According to the recent investigation and the occurrence of garden diseases, it is predicted that the following diseases may occur in the near future: large-leaf boxwood canker disease, acacia blight disease, rust of begonias, papaya and other plants, bacterial perforation disease of cherry blossoms, powdery mildew disease of garden plants such as moonflower, rose, heather, and large-leaf boxwood, and brown spot disease of the golden leaf Privet, black spot disease of the moon season, etc.
powdery mildew
Powdery mildew is a common disease on garden plants in spring, and the leaf surface of infected plants usually has a layer of white powder on the surface, which affects the photosynthesis of plants, causing leaf curling, poor growth, and even death in severe cases. The disease mainly harms a variety of garden plants such as large-leaved boxwood, purple weed, heather, moon season, rose and so on in our city.
[Prevention and control measures]
1. Reduce the source of infection. During the wintering period from late autumn to early spring of the following year, the dead branches and leaves are completely removed, and the diseased buds and branches are pruned and destroyed in a concentrated manner before spring extraction; and the dense branches are cut in time.
2. Strengthen management. Rational application of nitrogen fertilizer, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, more fully decomposed organic fertilizer, so that the plant growth is robust, enhance the ability to resist disease ventilation and light.
3. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment.
During the dormancy period, a 45% crystalline stone sulfur compound is sprayed to eliminate the source of overwintering disease. Spray protective fungicides such as 50% dentized special wettable powder 800 times liquid and 70% daisen manganese zinc 600 times liquid before the onset of the disease. After the onset of the disease, it can be sprayed with 25% powder rust rather wettable powder 800 times liquid or 12.5% enazolidinol 2000 times liquid, sprayed every 7 to 10 days when the disease is severe, sprayed 2 to 3 times continuously.
Recent patterns of pest infestation
Cedar long-legged aphid
The cedar tree is beautifully shaped and is a tree in Qingdao City. A common ornamental tree species that is planted in large quantities throughout the country. In early May, 2-3 years of cedar were detected with aphids on their branches. This aphid is a new record species in China called cedar long-legged aphid. Recently, the cedar long-legged aphid in our city has entered the peak period of harm, the main symptom of the performance is that the aphid secretes a large amount of honeydew, the branches of the affected cedar, ground cover plants and the ground have honeydew, polluting the lower branches and leaves of the cedar and the ground cover plants and ground below it, pay attention to monitoring and control. If it is not prevented in time, it will lead to the occurrence of coal pollution disease in the cedar, and the conifers of the cedar will fall off due to the coal pollution disease until the trees die.
Due to the extreme drought in spring, cedar long-legged aphids are common and more harmful, and aphids mostly gather on cedar branches with a diameter of 2.5 to 40 mm. The main symptoms of the performance are that the aphids secrete a large amount of honeydew, the branches of the affected cedar, the ground cover plants and the ground have honeydew, the contaminated cedar lower branches and leaves and the ground cover plants and ground below it, when it occurs seriously, the pine needle tip is green and red, and the needles are also yellow-red spots, dry needles, and obvious needle drops.
At present, under the hazard, the honeydew on the pine needle is obvious, obvious highlights can be seen in the distance, when the honeydew is more, it can be contaminated with a large amount of smoke, tidbits and dust, when the coal pollution accumulates to a certain extent, the pine tree can get coal pollution disease, which seriously affects the growth of cedar and the green landscape. Cedar is a large number of trees planted in our city, and attention should be paid to monitoring and prevention. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the embroidered chrysanthemum aphid, luan polymorphic hairy aphid, green cotton aphid, wisteria aphid, monthly long tube aphid, locust aphid, autumn four-veined cotton aphid and so on that endanger begonias.
1. Scrape the aphids on the twigs and remove the needles with eggs in winter.
2, the harm is at its peak, the use of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or 1.2% nicotinol matrine spray or 40% killing phosphorus emulsion prevention and control effect is good; due to the dense needle leaves of pine, the liquid is difficult to reach the target, so it must be meticulous and all-round 2-3 times when spraying.
3. Protect and use natural enemies such as ladybirds, grasshoppers, and aphid-eating flies.
Cloud-spotted celestial cow
Cloud-spotted celestial cattle occur in 1 generation in 2-3 years, overwintering in moths as larvae. Adults fly out in June of the following year, replenish nutrition and lay eggs. Eggs are mostly laid in ovary grooves in the trunk of trees 1.5-2 m above the ground, with an egg period of about 15 days. The larvae hatch in July, when the ovary grooves are sunken and wet. After the hatching larvae are infested in the phloem for a period of time, they feed on the xylem, and the bark of the injured area is longitudinally cracked outwards, and filamentous fecal debris can be seen until the autumn overwinters. The coming year continues to be harmful.
1. Artificial killing of adult insects. During the adult occurrence in June, artificial hunting is organized. Adults in the canopy can be hunted after their pseudo-death vibration. It can also be used at night to trap and kill.
2. Artificial insecticide and extermination of eggs. During or after the adult spawning period, examine the trunk, look for egg laying grooves, dig out the victim with a knife, or use a hammer to kill the eggs and larvae.
3. Bait wood booby trap. Taking advantage of the characteristics of dried borer pests such as tianniu that like to lay eggs and reproduce on newly harvested trees, in the breeding period from the end of May to June, some wood segments are set up in appropriate places in the forest for pests to lay eggs, and after the new generation of larvae are all hatched, they are skinned and killed.
4. Pharmaceutical prevention and control
(1) Whitening. That is, it can play a role in preventing cold and sunburn, and can prevent tianniu from laying eggs, so that there are insects to cure insects, and the effect of insect-free disease prevention.
(2) Worm hole injection. The larval infestation period is 6-8 months, and the insect hole is injected from the worm passage with a syringe, fumigated pesticide or SGY ointment is injected, and the effect is very good.
(3) Spray prevention and control. During the adult occurrence period, spray 45% octylthion emulsion 1200-1500 times liquid or 8% green Weire 300-400 times liquid to kill adult insects.
5. Biological control
(1) White zombie fungus is a kind of insect fungus, which can parasitize many insect bodies and has a prominent effect on the prevention and control of Tianniu. Pure spore powder of white zombie bacteria can be sprayed with a miniature powder sprayer to control adult cloud-spotted cattle. Or inject white zombie liquid into the borer hole to control a variety of Tianniu larvae.
(2) 25% urea no. 3 suspension agent, is a pollution-free insect hormone pesticide, which can spray 25% urea 500 times liquid to the trunk during the adult stage to kill adult insects.
(3) 1.2% bitter soyrosmoticide is a plant insecticide, which has a strong touch killing, gastric toxicity and a certain fumigation effect on pests and is not easy to produce resistance, which is an ideal product to replace chemical pesticides, and can be sprayed 500-800 times on the ground during the adult stage to kill adult insects.
(4) Beneficial birds and insects. Woodpeckers are an important natural enemy of dried moth pests, and can feed on dozens of species of forest pests such as the Lycopodidae. According to studies, a chick eats 25 predator larvae a day. Therefore, it should be protected, or hung in the forest with rotten wood bird nests to attract them, so as to facilitate the prevention and control of dry moths such as the tianniu.
(5) Protection and utilization of parasitic predators. Guan's swollen-legged bee can parasitize in the larvae of tianniu, and attention should be paid to protection and utilization, mainly with as little or no chemical pesticides as possible.
Boxwood silk borer
The boxwood silkworm occurs in 3 generations a year in our city, and 2-year larvae overwinter in the leaves. Often in early April overwintering larvae infest young buds, eat their leaf flesh, the affected leaves are scorched, early May into the binge eating period, the leaves can be eaten out, resulting in plant wilting, if the overwintering control is not complete, please continue to monitor in mid-June, August to strengthen control. Ensure the landscape effect and growth potential of the small-leaved boxwood.
1. Artificial prevention and control. Combined with early spring pruning, the damage of overwintering larvae can be cut off, which can effectively reduce the annual control base and the degree of harm.
2. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment. The key stage of grasping the control is the emergence stage of overwintering larvae and the early stage of the first generation of larvae, and 1.2% bitter • smoke emulsion 1000 times liquid or 5% methyl vitamin salt 7500-15000 times spray can be used. Methylvidates are placed in water 3-5 minutes before use. There are no special requirements for the temperature and hardness of the water, 10 ° C is enough.
Aromatic wood beetle moth
Recent investigations have found that the aromatic wood beetle moth is very harmful to white ash. The aromatic wood beetle moth occurs in 1 generation in 2 to 3 years, and the young larvae in the trunk and the last larvae overwinter in the nearby soil. Occurs from May to July, laying eggs in bark slits or wounds, and laying more than a dozen eggs at each place. After the larva hatches, it enters the subcutaneous skin to feed on the phloem and the formation layer, and then moths into the xylem, and chisels the irregular worm path upwards and downwards, and there can be more than a dozen larvae in the victim' site, and the moth hole is piled with insect feces, and the larvae can secrete a specific fragrance after being frightened.
[Prevention and control measures with Tianniu]