From July to August, the rainfall increases, the humidity in the orchard is large, the high temperature and high humidity weather are very easy to cause the outbreak of early defoliation of apples, and pests such as golden moths also take the opportunity to occur, and some areas are still more serious.
In some areas, there is little rainfall, and the continuous high temperature and drought are conducive to the reproduction and harm of red spiders in orchards.
So, how can we fruit farmers better control these diseases and insect pests such as early apple defoliation, golden moths, and red spiders?
On July 23, 2019, Zhang Xiaoqian, a reporter from the Agricultural Science and Technology News, interviewed Zhang Ligong, technical director of Shenzhen Harvest Apple. In this regard, he made the following suggestions to the majority of fruit growers:
<h1>First, early defoliation disease should be prevented and treated early</h1>
Apple leaves appear spots during the growing season due to infection with pathogens, and the yellowing is shed, which is collectively referred to as "early apple defoliation disease".
The current early apple defoliation is mainly brown spot disease, gray spot disease, round spot disease and spotted leaf litter, and there are anthrax leaf blight in some areas. This type of disease is infected after flowering, the onset of disease in early summer, high temperature and rainy season is easy to occur, orchard branches are large, low-lying terrain, canopy is closed, poor ventilation and light transmission is very easy to cause diseases.
Prevention and control methods:
1. Clear the garden in time in spring. It is necessary to take the diseased fruits, rotten fruits, dead branches, fallen leaves and other debris in the orchard out of the garden and bury them in a concentrated and deep way or burn them.
2. Strengthen cultivation management.
(1) Scientific fertilization. As much as possible should be applied to farm manure and bio-organic fertilizer, with a large number of element compound fertilizer and trace element fertilizer, to avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, reasonable load, to improve the disease resistance of the tree.
(2) Reasonable pruning. Control the growth of new shoots, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
(3) Do a good job of drainage of the orchard and reduce the humidity of the orchard.
3. Spray protection.
Recently, it is possible to choose 70% propensin zinc wettable powder 600-800 times + 45% pentazole ether ester suspension 2000 times liquid, or 25% pyrazole ether bacteria ester suspension 2000 times + 25% phenyl ether methylcyclazole microemulsion 2000 times liquid, or 50% quinoline copper wettable powder 1500 times + 30% benzylamine fresh amine suspension 2000 times, alternating in the rainy season with 1: 2: 200 times Bordeaux liquid and other agents for prevention and control.
<h1>Second, the golden veined moth is controlled in time</h1>
The golden-veined moth sneaks into the leaf from the back of the leaf and feeds on the flesh of the leaf, forming oval insect spots. The front of the leaf is slightly raised, with white spots, and later the spots dry out and sometimes fall off. Insect spots often occur at the edges of the leaves and, in severe cases, cover the entire leaf.
1. Strengthen Qingyuan. Every winter and spring, it is necessary to clean the dead branches and fallen leaves in the orchard in time to reduce the source of insects.
2. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment. Choose 5% methyl vitamin salt water dispersible granules 1500-2000 times liquid, or 12% beetle mite nitrile suspension agent 1000-1500 times, or 5.7% perchlorine fluolura emulsion 800-1000 times liquid and other agents for spray prevention and control, spray evenly and thoughtfully, the front and back of the leaves should be medicated, especially attention should be paid to the spraying of drooping branches, inner branches and tree tray tillers.
<h1>Third, the red spider should prevent the outbreak</h1>
Red spiders, also known as pest mites, mainly suck the sap of the leaves, there are a large number of yellow-brown dots the size of needle tips on the leaf surface, and then the red spider spits out a web, so that red patches appear on the back of the leaves, and a large number of pests lurk in it, causing the affected leaves to curl up locally or even completely curl, wither and even fall off.
1. Protect predators.
Growers grow grass in orchards to provide supplementary feeding and habitat for predators. The natural enemies of pest mites include heterochromatic mite-eating ladybugs, deep-spotted mite-eating ladybugs, bundle-tube-eating spider ladybirds, small black flower bugs, etc., and use natural predators to control pests.
2. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment.
10.5% avidamide microemulsion 1500-2000 times, 36% pyridoxine spironyl ester suspension 2000-3000 times, 43% dihydrazine acetazole suspension 2000-2500 times liquid, or 50% biphenylhydrazine ester suspension 2000-3000 times liquid and other agents were used for prevention and control.
Source: Agricultural Science and Technology Newspaper
Editor: Reporter Zhang Xiaoqian
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