It is written in the broad and profound Tao Te Ching
"One life two life three three life all things"
This is the law of life, it is omnipresent and never dies
Always exercising the mission of giving birth to all things
Under the influence of this law
The misty and chaotic space-time will eventually become a world full of cosmic galaxies
A desolate and monotonous planet will also become a paradise for colorful life
Everything operates in a dynamically balanced way
The world of insects is no exception
(Image from the Internet)
Today, the star mentor Dong Likun attended a "pest biological control experiment" of the "Little Three Long" star mentor demonstration class for more than 50 "little tree chiefs" at the Wuhan Municipal Institute of Landscape Research, and through observing the parasitism process of ma tian cattle and swollen leg bees, understanding the symbiotic resistance of the insect world and the use of natural enemy insects, and re-facing the interests of pests and beneficial insects for mankind.
The "Little Three Chiefs" selection activity is one of the "2019 Wuhan Nature Education Series Activities" jointly sponsored by the Wuhan Municipal Bureau of Landscape architecture and Forestry, the Wuhan Municipal Education Bureau and the Alibaba Public Welfare Foundation, and the selection activities of "Little Tree Chief", "Little Lake Chief" and "Little Garden Chief" are carried out in the form of natural subject research.
Nature's "Symbiosis"
The ecosystems of nature are always in a "dynamic equilibrium", and each organism is not isolated, but restricts, interdependent, and closely linked. The same is true of the insect world. As the largest insect class in the animal kingdom, today in Teacher Dong's class, the "little tree chiefs" first learned about the examples of natural mutual survival through some stories of the interrelationship between insects.
What is the essence of these interactions between species? Teacher Dong explained the concept of biological chain in nature for the "little tree chiefs" through several short stories. For example, plants - aphids - ladybugs - spiders - mud bees - bee tigers, that is, the interdependent chain relationship formed by animals, plants and microorganisms providing food to each other.
The clever "little tree chiefs" boiled down to one word: "Isn't that 'eating'?" In this understanding, Teacher Dong further explained that the interaction between species is actually divided into two types, one is predation, the other is parasitism; and the theme of our course today is to use the swollen-legged bee to parasitize the larvae of the Hemp Tianniu, so as to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the growth of the "pest" Ma Tianniu.
The "little tree chiefs" first understand the types of parasites
Press the parasitic site
Exophysitic
Lay the eggs on the host table and allow the hatching larvae to feed on the host body from the body surface
Internal parasitism
Lay the eggs in the host and allow the hatching larvae to feed on the nutrients in the host's body. When the development is mature, the cocoon of the host body is drilled out to pupate.
According to the host different stages of life history
Egg parasitism
Parasitic insects lay eggs into the host body, and their larvae feed, develop and pupate in the eggs, until the adults bite through the shell of the host and go out to live freely after feathering.
Larval parasitic
For example: Ji Bee parasitic moth larvae
Pupa parasitism
For example: jumping wasp parasitic flies pupae and stinging moth pupae
Adult parasitism
For example, the broad-legged wasp parasitizes adult locusts, which are more ferocious and can parasitize adults and pupae of more than 100 species of insects.
Nest parasitism
Parasitic bees create their own nests and store food, laying eggs in their own nests, and the food stored is spiders or insects that are hunted from outside.
(Some of the above pictures and materials come from the Institute of Plant Protection, Wuhan Academy of Landscape Architecture)
beneficial insect? vermin?
In the cognition of the "little tree chiefs", beneficial insects will do things that are beneficial to humans, and pests will also do harmful things, but Today, Teacher Dong is "justifying the name" of "pests", in fact, "pests" and "beneficial insects" are just human beings subjectively dividing them into two categories according to the influence of some insects on people themselves.
Mentor Dong showed the "little tree chiefs" the test tubes that were inoculated with swollen-legged bees
Pests and beneficial insects are relative, such as: ants are sometimes pests, that is because ants are always crawling and nibbling on human food, very unhygienic; ants are beneficial insects, they will prey on agricultural pests and control their numbers. Butterflies and moth larvae may harm crops, but in adulthood they transmit pollen to plants. Some pests are highly nutritious in their own right and can be eaten by humans or used as medicinal herbs to treat certain diseases.
Inside are larvae (large) and swollen-legged wasps (small)
After explaining the scientific knowledge of insect symbiosis, the two "protagonists" of pest biological control experiments, the larvae of Ma TianNiu and the swollen leg bee, finally came on the field.
In real life, we use pesticides to control most of the pests and diseases, and Mentor Dong has let the "little tree chiefs" understand a new biological control concept through the "pest biological control experiment", using the characteristics of biological phase to reduce the harm of diseases and insects, while reducing the use of pesticides and reducing environmental pollution.
Mentor Dong took the "little tree chiefs" to the outdoor insect shed to collect the larvae of the ma tianniu raised in the amaranth, and the "small tree chiefs" entered the insect shed one by one, but they did not find the ma tianniu, the original ma tianniu larvae stayed in the interior of the amaranth for a long time, these larvae are specially cultivated "hosts", using them to breed swollen leg bees, and finally the inoculated swollen leg bees are released in the wild to eliminate other "pests".
Ma Tianniu is a drilling insect Tianniu, and the larvae of the Tianniu nibble on the wood inside the trunk, causing the tree to die. Mentor Dong introduced to the "little tree chiefs" that the Tianniu larvae are also particularly clever, it will use the moth spiral method to reach into the trunk, making it more difficult to dig up manually, and will also use wood chips to block the borer holes to form a self-protection mechanism, which is difficult to prevent with conventional drugs.
After the class, the "little tree chiefs" will take home the test tubes of the inoculated swollen-legged bees to observe their parasitic processes, larval growth processes, and release the lab-provided swollen-legged bees into the wild to observe their search for the celestial cow on the trees. After a month, the "little tree chiefs" will complete their observation reports and record the whole process of parasitism.
The "Little Three Long" star mentor demonstration class allows the "Little Tree Chief" to understand the relevant knowledge of the pest control technology of garden plants, enhance his sense of responsibility for the title or post of "Little Tree Chief" by personally participating in the process of tree protection, and at the same time, cultivate his interest in scientific research, exercise his ability to carry out scientific experiments, and enhance his ability to carry out research by participating in simple scientific experiment activities.
"Little Three Long" Star Mentor Demonstration Class Review
1Shahu Lake Park
Primary Three Long Nature Demonstration Class: "Plant Diversity - Lotus Tip Action" and "The Role of Lotus Flowers"
Lecturers: Ding Jie, Zhong Xiang
The nature instructor popularized science knowledge for the "little lake chiefs" at the lotus bank of Shahu Park
In this class, as soon as the "little lake chiefs" stepped into the park, they were greeted by the endless green lotus leaves in the lake, and the pink and apricot yellow lotus flowers bloomed in the middle, as if they had entered the green world. The emerald lotus leaves are filled with buds and ripe lotus flowers, and the flowers open their smiling faces and flutter with an endless fragrance under the warm sunshine of early summer.
The "little lake chief" observed the lotus flower up close, and under the explanation of the nature teacher, they learned about the role of the various parts of the lotus flower on human beings. It turns out that the most common lotus fairy in summer actually has so many magical effects.
Since ancient times, China has regarded lotus leaves as a good medicine for slimming. As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, the ancestors used lotus leaves as tea tonics. According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica", the lotus flower can calm the heart, take the lotus flower and glutinous rice to cook porridge, then the qi is rejuvenated and light", and other parts of the lotus stem, lotus room, lotus knot, lotus seed, lotus seed heart are commonly used ingredients on everyone's table, they can be used for daily consumption and health care, and can also be used in the treatment of diseases.
The "little lake chiefs" filled out observation reports
2Guanshan Park
Primary Three Long Nature Demonstration Class : Plant Diversity ~ Lotus Pond
Main Teacher: Wei Wei
Last week, Guanshan Park carried out a small three long nature demonstration class "plant diversity ~ lotus pond", lotus cultivation varieties are many, nature tutor for the "small lake chief" to popularize the natural knowledge of lotus, understand the lotus according to the use of different can be divided into lotus, lotus and flower lotus these three major systems.
The "little garden chiefs" gradually walked along the bridge corridor on the lotus pond in Guanshan Park. The green leaves in the pool are incomparably clean. The lotus leaves as large as small umbrellas are crowded together, and some leaves are full of a large piece of clear water on the beach, and at this time, the garden is full of red and green water, lotus leaf fields, water and sky, birds and flowers...
At the scene, the nature instructor placed a hand-painted explanation board of the lotus flower, showing the "little garden chief" the appearance of the lotus flower in different seasons and the structure of the lotus flower itself.
With the help of the nature teachers, the "little lake chiefs" began to write their own observation reports, deepening the impression of the lotus flowers by depicting different lotus parts, and even the small insects that appeared in the lake were recorded, forming a complete natural image.
Lake In March Park
Primary Three Long Nature Demonstration Class : Caring for Nature, Garbage Sorting
Lead Teacher: Zhou Lijun
A sentence "What kind of garbage are you today?" "Let the garbage classification brush the screen network faster, so that the garbage classification is quickly known to everyone." Shanghai's "strictest garbage classification" has begun to be implemented, and Wuhan is about to start "garbage classification". So as a small park manager, what garbage will be in the park? How should this garbage be sorted?
Mentor Zhou introduced to the "little garden directors" that the garbage classification work in the park is divided into four categories: domestic garbage, kitchen waste, green garbage and infrastructure garbage. Domestic garbage is collected by the park cleaning staff and transported to the garbage disposal station; kitchen waste is collected by special sanitation department personnel for cleaning; green garbage is placed in a fixed area, and regularly collected and transported by professionals; infrastructure garbage is centrally cleared and transported out of the park by the construction unit.
Leaves are a type of kitchen waste.
Because the leaves, like the garbage in the kitchen, quickly decay and decompose.
After the leaves rot, it is a good organic fertilizer.
Kitchen waste includes food waste such as leftovers, bones, roots and leaves, and fruit peels. Compost treated in situ by biotechnology can produce 0.6-0.7 tons of organic fertilizer per ton.
Leaves can be used as fertilizer, the fallen leaves are collected and concentrated in the roots of trees, after natural degradation, it can increase the content of organic matter in the soil, improve the ventilation of the soil, improve the water retention and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, and make the trees grow more luxuriant in the coming year.
Flowers blooming in all seasons, fruits and vegetables that can be eaten with confidence, pollution-free detergents, and the pleasure of being close to nature. Under the leadership of Mentor Zhou, the "little garden chiefs" went to the park to pick up leaves and became little environmental protection guards, these leaves are rich in nutrients, and Mentor Zhou explained the production steps of the kitchen waste compost bucket for the "little garden chief", using kitchen waste to make natural "fertilizer".
Garbage reduction is king, back to the classroom "small garden chiefs" turn waste into treasure, using the leaves they have picked up to make recyclables small production - leaf stickers. Through close contact with works made of garbage, the "little garden chiefs" have a more intuitive understanding of the knowledge of garbage classification, which has played a positive role in further improving the awareness and participation of garbage classification, and strives to be a small guardian of environmental protection!
The "Little Three Long" nature education demonstration class will allow each child to enter nature, integrate into nature, love nature, treat nature and life with the original intention of treating each other equally, and every child is a guardian of nature.
Thanks to Wuhan Red Elephant Beauty Education Culture Media Co., Ltd., Little Planet Creative Space, Wuhan Pan doola Art and Culture Communication Co., Ltd., Wuchang District Clear Water and Blue Sky Environmental Protection Association, Children's Painting World Art Museum, Wuhan Multi-point Art culture communication Co., Ltd., and Muyi Art Museum for their strong assistance and support for this series of activities! At the same time, we would like to thank the parks for their strong support, and welcome the parks and schools that are holding nature studies and park classes to join the "Little Three Longs" selection activity.