Recently, the A stream has been menacing
Quickly sweep the entire "circle of friends"
Moms rushed to buy oseltamivir granules
But in the process of using oseltamivir granules
There are a lot of questions among moms
For this
In response to the rational drug use related issues that mothers are concerned about
Pediatric clinical pharmacists will answer them one by one
Unravel the mystery in your mind
01
What is A flu
Influenza A is the abbreviation of influenza A, which is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza A virus (mainly including H1N1 subtype and influenza A(H3N2 subtype virus), mainly transmitted by droplets, highly contagious, fast transmission, and the incubation period is usually 1~3 days. The main symptoms are fever, body muscle aches and headaches, and some mild respiratory symptoms such as cough, runny nose, sore throat, etc. According to data from China's National Influenza Center, the influenza epidemic in the mainland is dominated by influenza A(H1N1) subtype virus, and influenza A(H3N2) subtype virus is co-circulating, as of March 26, 2023, the percentage of influenza-like cases in southern provinces is slightly higher than last week, and the northern provinces continue to decline.
02
Oseltamivir granules for the treatment of A flow
How does it work?
Influenza A virus is mainly transmitted through droplets such as sneezing and coughing, and enters our respiratory system through direct or indirect contact with mucous membranes such as the mouth, nasal cavity, and eyes, and begins to settle and multiply in the cells of the pharynx, trachea and lungs, and when it multiplies to a certain stage, these daughter viruses need to be released from the current cells and continue to infect neighboring cells. What helps it achieve this process is the glycoproteinase on the surface of the influenza virus, "neuraminidase".
Oseltamivir granules are antiviral drugs of neuraminidase inhibitors, which can inhibit the activity of neuraminidase of influenza viruses, prevent the spread of the virus between host cells and replication in the body, limit the "freedom" of influenza viruses, make it unable to infect other cells, can not continue to grow, and eventually be cleared by the body's antibodies, but oseltamivir granules can not directly kill influenza viruses.
03
Can babies under 1 year old take oseltamivir granules with confidence?
The drug label states that the safety and efficacy of influenza A and B in children aged 1 year and older in children under 1 year of age have not been established.
The 2020 edition of the "Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Influenza in Children" and the "Influenza Diagnosis and Treatment Plan" issued by the National Health Commission in 2020 both mentioned that oseltamivir is safe for the treatment of influenza in children over 0 months and the prevention of influenza in children over 3 months. Please refer to the table below for details.
04
Do I have to take oseltamivir granules for 5 days?
"Oseltamivir granules for the treatment of influenza, the instruction manual says oral treatment for 5 days, but my baby has significantly improved symptoms such as fever after eating for 1~3 days, do I need to continue to take it at this time?" , which is the most frequently asked question by pharmacists at the outpatient dispensing window.
We know that oseltamivir particles do not directly kill the influenza virus, and the influenza virus is not completely eliminated. It was only under oseltamivir that it did not show continued infection of other cells and deepening of symptoms. If you stop taking oseltamivir at this time, the influenza virus that has not been completely killed will still "gush" from the host cell, infecting other neighboring healthy cells, causing symptoms related to A flu.
This is also an important reason why some mothers report that symptoms such as fever occur repeatedly after stopping the drug with flu A flow.
Therefore, after infection with influenza A, oseltamivir needs to be used for 5 days to reduce the number of influenza viruses in the body and create time for the body's antibody production. Even if the condition is much better during the medication, it is not recommended to stop the drug on your own.
05
What should I do if I miss oseltamivir pellets?
If at any time the mothers forget to give their baby medicine, they should take it as soon as possible. However, if it is less than 2 hours before the next dose, do not take it again, just take the next dose as normal, and never take the two doses together.
bibliography
[1] China National Influenza Center. (chinacdc.cn)
[2] National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Respiratory Group, Pediatrics Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of influenza in children(2020 edition)[J].Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics,2020,35(17):1281-1288.)
[3] Oseltamivir phosphate granule instructions. Yichang East Sunshine Changjiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Revised in December 2021
[4] National Health Commission. Influenza diagnosis and treatment plan (2020 edition)[OL]. [2020-11-4].
Author: He Jianying, pharmacist in charge of Zhanjiang Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Service Center
Review: Li Jia, pharmacist in charge of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
Editor: Wen Jialin Xu Rumeng
Responsible editor: Chen Guangtai
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Submission method: Manuscript sent to email [email protected];
Contact number: Li Jia 137-1103-0785
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