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Otun Black Wind, also translated as Otun Black Wind. Born in 1068, date of death unknown, Jurchen clan, ancestral home of Shangjing Huli Road (present-day Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province). Because of his military merits, Aotun Heifeng was named Pucheng as his food (present-day Weinan City, Shaanxi Province), and his clan moved to Pucheng to live in Pucheng (present-day Wentang Village, Yongfeng Town). Because Otun Black Wind followed Jin Taizu to complete Yan A bone, unified the Jurchen tribes, attacked the Liao State, and had great military merits, and at the same time, because Otun Heifeng was the minister of the Otun clan for generations, he was named a prince by Jin Taizu and called him "Black Wind King" (Note: The Black Wind King killed by Yue Fei was not a person). Aotun Heifeng was the founding hero of the Jin Dynasty, and he was named a king, and his position was extremely prominent.
The surnames of the Jurchens are divided into the surname of the white number and the surname of the black number, the Otun family belongs to the surname of the black number, and the black number belongs to one of the sixteen Ao Tun. So the question is, what is the relationship between this white number and black number? It is necessary to explain here that the ancestors of the Jin Dynasty came from the Jing clan. It was originally known as Beji. The Beji are the indigenous people of the ancient Sushen land. Beji has seven major divisions, one Su Mo Division, Two Bo Chu Division, Three Anche Bone Division, Four Fu Nie Division, Five Chamber Division, Six Black Water Division, and Seven White Mountain Division. During the Sui Dynasty, it was renamed Jingqi, and by this time the seven major ministries had been merged and unified. In the early days of the Tang Dynasty, it was divided again, at this time, two super strong black water tartars and millet jingqi, and the other five were weak. Awamo was later attached to the Kingdom of Goryeo with the surname Dae. Yi Ji broke the kingdom of Goryeo, and Su Mo Jingqi defended Dongmusan. Later, Bohai rose to become king, and the kingdom was passed on for more than ten generations. There are writings, ceremonies, official offices, and systems. It also established five capitals, fifteen prefectures and sixty-two prefectures for jurisdiction.
The Heishui Dynasty lived in the land of Sushen Province, and the eastern coast and southern part of the coast connected to Goryeo and was also attached to the Kingdom of Goryeo. He once sent an army of 150,000 troops to help the King of Goryeo against the Eastern Expedition Tang army led by Emperor Taizong of Tang, but was defeated by the Tang army at Anshi City. In the middle of Emperor Xuanzong's reign, Heishui sent envoys to worship, and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang established Heishui Mansion, with Minister Heishui as the governor and assassin, and set up a supervisor of Changshi. The governor of Zhidu was surnamed Li and his name was Xiancheng, and Li Xiancheng ruled Heishui Mansion through the Heishui Jing. Later, the Bohai Kingdom annexed Heishui, and the tribute to the Tang Dynasty was cut off. After the fall of the Tang Dynasty, by the time of the Five Dynasties, the Khitan tribe in the north rose to take all the lands of the Bohai Sea, and since then the Black Water Dynasty has been subordinate to the Khitans. At this time, it was compiled into the Khitan household registration in the south, and was called Mature Nuzhi (Jurchen avoidance writing); Those who are not registered in the Khitan household in the north are called born daughters. The birth daughter is directly located in the mixed river and Changbai Mountain, and the mixed river is now Heilongjiang, which is the origin of the so-called "white mountain and black water" in the history books, which appears according to this geographical orientation.
In the early days, the Jurchen clan was divided into dozens of tribes that did not belong to each other, and the Wanyan clan was not the most prominent among the Jurchen tribes. It was not until Ugunai became the chief of the Wanyan tribe that the Wanyan clan developed into a powerful tribe and conquered and united more than a dozen tribes to form a tribal alliance. The powerful force also made Wugunai the head of the tribal alliance and was awarded the title of Jiedu Envoy by the Liao Dynasty. Wugunai used the support of the Liao Dynasty to intensify the implementation of the strategy of unifying the Jurchen tribes. After Ugunai's death, his son Shōrijō succeeded him as head of the League. Imp Lizhan and his younger brother Yingge defeated the Shishi Liebu in troubled waters, consolidating the tribal alliance, and the Otun clan sent troops to help them during the battle of the Shishi Liebu.
By this time, the tribal alliance had expanded to include 30 tribes. Moreover, the internal class division became more and more obvious, and the prototype of a slave state began to take shape. After the accession of the Tianzuo Emperor of the Liao State to the throne, the Khitan nobles began to extort more and more against the tribes of the Jurchens. In addition to paying tribute to the Liao Dynasty according to regular quantities, officials and profiteers on the northeastern border of the Liao Dynasty, with the connivance of the imperial court, often went to the field to forcibly purchase them at ultra-low prices, which was called "beating the Jurchens", which had long planted the root of hatred in the hearts of the Jurchen people.
In the third year of Tianqing of the Liao Dynasty / the third year of the Northern Song Dynasty, in 1113, the minister of Finish Yan died of injury and illness, and for a time the position of Minister of Finish Yan was vacant, and Ao Tun Heifeng, who was in love with his brother after Yan A Bone, sent troops to help at a critical time to fully support Finish Yan A Bone to take over as minister. In October of that year, Yan Ah Bone succeeded his brother Wu Yashu and became the head of the Jurchen Alliance. After Yan Ah Bone ordered Otun Heifeng to lead his troops and horses to continue to attack Ah Shu, the minister of Ao Shilie, Ao Tun Heifeng defeated Ah Shu at the Yazi River, and Ah Shu led the remnants to flee to the territory of Khitan. After Yan A Bone beat and broke the alliance that consolidated the Yan Division, Otun Heifeng led troops to help each other win many times and had military merits, and later Finish Yan A Bone accepted the official title of "Tiyin" in the Liao Dynasty, and after years of operation, A Bone made the alliance of the Jurchen tribes very consolidated. The Jurchen clan had enough strength to rise up against the oppression of the Liao Dynasty.
In the fourth year of the Liao Dynasty, the fourth year of the Northern Song Dynasty/1114, in June of that year, the Liao Dynasty Tianzuo Emperor Yelu Yanxi sent an envoy to grant Ah Bone to the post of envoy. Ah Bone Da sent Ao Tun Heifeng and Xi Gunai and others to the Liao Dynasty, and was ordered to ask for Xingxian Shui Shilie Minister A Shu, who had fled to the Liao Dynasty, and used this to probe the internal reality of the Liao Dynasty. Aotun Heifeng and Xi Gu Nai rewarded Liaotianzuo Emperor Yelu Yanxi as incompetent and incompetent, and the imperial government became increasingly abandoned. After inquiring about the return of Aotun Heifeng and others, A Bone was overjoyed, and immediately ordered the construction of castles, the construction of weapons and ordnance, the collection of grain and grass, and the recruitment of troops, and began to prepare for the southern conquest to attack the Liao Dynasty. The Liaotianzuo emperor Yelu Yanxi heard a courtier say that the Jurchens had the intention of disobeying, but this dim prince only ordered Xiao Tao Buye to lead 800 Khitan and Bohai soldiers into Ningjiang Prefecture to guard against the Jurchens. After Yan Ah Bone mobilized the Jurchen troops and horses, he made up his mind to attack the Liao state, and first sent Aotun Heifeng to lead troops into Ningjiang. Due to the limitation of space, let's break it down next time, and see how the black wind of Aotun breaks through the Liao soldiers and helps Jin Taizu to make a decision.
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