Photo of Zhang Zuolin
Introduction to Zhang Zuolin
Zhang Zuolin, nicknamed "Fengtian Shuai", character Jin Zhisuke, alias Danyangzi, a native of Haicheng, Liaoning, was born on March 19, 1875 and died on June 4, 1928.
Zhang Zuolin was a student in the late Qing Dynasty and later became one of the famous warlords in the three eastern provinces of northeastern Manchuria.
Zhang Zuolin participated in the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 and was appointed as the trade supervisor sent to Hunan by the Qing Dynasty; In 1912, the Northeast Defense Army was established, which was reorganized into the Northeast Army by Yuan Shikai's order, and was appointed commander-in-chief of the Northeast Army in the same year, and its strength became stronger.
Since then, Zhang Zuolin has gradually grown and become one of the most influential warlords in the modern history of the mainland.
Statue of Zhang Zuolin
Zhang Zuolin has a calm, decisive and ruthless side, and has used various means to ensure his dominance, such as using heterogeneous father-son relationships to maintain his family and his own power.
At the same time, Zhang Zuolin was also good at taking advantage of the domestic and international situation to pull somersaults, create the lease conditions of Shanhaiguan, and did a large amount of sabotage work, refusing to return any returned items, thus shaking the domestic unification situation and causing a certain amount of chaos.
Zhang Zuolin was also known as the "Emperor Wudi of Liang in the Northeast", and his military strength mainly came from the army.
Zhang Zuolin always maintained a high degree of military control, fully controlled the military, political, social and other resources in the northeast region, and used the method of "dominating one side" to maintain his political rule.
Statue of Zhang Zuolin
Zhang Zuolin not only upheld justice and safeguarded the interests of the mainland nation, but also gave up many national dignity and honor for his own political purposes.
Zhang Zuolin's reign attracted widespread attention at that time, and his scope of activities traveled to all corners of the continent, and also attracted the attention of the Soviet Union and the Yin Kingdom at that time.
Later, Zhang Zuolin's power infiltration and behavior became more and more unpopular, especially after 1920, he became a thorn in the side of many people.
His subsequent fate has also become a controversial and questioned event in history.
The railway tracks damaged by the Huanggutun incident
Zhang Zuolin died
On June 4, 1928, at 7:15 p.m., Zhang Zuolin was killed on a railway bridge near Shenyang South Railway Station by an explosion, known as the "Huanggutun Incident".
It is understood that Zhang Zuolin was only his eldest son Zhang Xueliang, but Zhang Xueliang was not injured at this time.
At that time, Shenyang South Railway Station was waiting here even in winter.
With the explosion, Zhang Zuolin's body was severely destroyed and died tragically.
Grand Marshal's Mansion
At that time, the news of Zhang Zuolin's death soon spread throughout the country and caused a sensation throughout China.
During this period, Zhang Zuolin had become one of the most influential warlords in modern Chinese history, and his death attracted widespread attention and speculation.
The explosion reportedly occurred as Zhang Zuolin's special train crossed the railway bridge.
There was a restaurant under the railway bridge, and the testimony of the owner and clerk of this restaurant said that they saw some people planting bombs under the bridge.
The railway tracks damaged by the Huanggutun incident
In addition, testimonies from those who witnessed the explosion also show that the railroad tracks were broken at the moment of the explosion.
And the explosion was so violent that the people in the carriage and the people on the tracks were carried far away.
The carriage behind Zhang Zuolin was also completely destroyed, and no one survived on the spot.
According to the results of the investigation at the time, the bomb was operated by people installed under the railway bridge.
Zhang Zuolin's death also marked the end of an important stage in the mainland's modern history.
train
Zhang Zuolin changed the departure time of the train before his death
On June 4, 1928, Zhang Zuolin booked a train to Xi'an, but in order to get to Beijing unexpectedly, he changed the departure time and drove the train in the direction of Beijing.
Allegedly, the departure time change was originally intended to avoid an incident that had just happened.
At that time, Zhang Zuolin successfully assumed his post at the Great Dongmen and had recently expanded his territory, and while pursuing more military alliances, he dispersed the BD to different places in order to better control the local administration and the ZZ situation.
However, this behavior of his caused the dissatisfaction of many people.
It is rumored that the Soviet Union still had some opinions on the mainland at that time, and they were friendly with the United States on the surface, but in fact there were many disputes.
In addition, Zhang Zuolin was also suspected of corruption, and it is said that sometimes he simply robbed the merchants of the Yin Kingdom.
This affected his prestige to a certain extent, so he changed the departure time and took a train with some of his guards and his cronies to Beijing.
Grand Marshal's Mansion
Zhang Zuolin's contradiction with his son Zhang Xueliang
Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang are father-son relationships, but due to factors such as their personalities, emotions and ZZ philosophy, there have also been some contradictions and frictions between them.
There are differences in the personalities of Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang.
Zhang Zuolin is a person who is both calm and decisive, with a cold side.
He maintained a high degree of military control, fully mastered the military, political, social and other resources in the northeast region, and maintained his ZZ rule by "dominating one side".
Zhang Xueliang, on the other hand, is bold and generous, paying more attention to personal emotions and a sense of honor.
This difference can easily cause contradictions in the parent-child relationship.
There are also some differences between Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang's ZZ philosophy.
Zhang Zuolin was an aggressive general who always believed that the political situation at that time was very dangerous, and in order to strengthen his control over the northeast region, he also launched a "bandit" campaign, absorbing and cultivating many local armed forces.
Zhang Xueliang, on the other hand, pays more attention to economic and people's livelihood issues, and he often portrays himself as a person who acts in accordance with the law and pays attention to people's livelihood.
Grand Marshal's Mansion
Although this ideological difference did not directly lead to the contradiction between father and son, with the advancement of the times and the death of Zhang Zuolin, Zhang Xueliang went to a different path in political concepts.
After Zhang Zuolin's death, Zhang Xueliang succeeded as the military and political leader of the northeast region, and the next history opened a vigorous new picture.
In the new period, Zhang Xueliang gradually got rid of the political influence of his family, began to adapt to the development of the new era, and also became an important figure in the history of the mainland.
Therefore, although there are certain differences in emotional and political ideas between Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang, this has not affected their close ties in career and family.
Even after Zhang Zuolin's death, Zhang Xueliang still inherited the political and military leadership of the northeast region, achieved a relatively successful career and had a certain impact on Chinese history.
Who was Zhang Zuolin killed by?
To this day, the truth of Zhang Zuolin's death is still disputed and questioned, and the real perpetrator of the incident is still a mystery, and the suspect cannot be determined.
Who was Zhang Zuolin killed by? There are mainly the following statements.
Soviet
The participation of the USSR
The earliest spread was that Soviet agents were behind Zhang Zuolin's death.
At that time, the relationship between the Soviet Union and the mainland was complicated, and the two countries sometimes maintained friendship on the surface, but in fact secretly competed with interests.
In 1928, the Soviet Union's largest rival to China, the Uguo, occupied the northeastern part of the mainland, making the Soviet Union particularly interested in Zhang Zuolin's death.
In addition, the Soviet Union, considering its own interests, did not want the mainland to become strong again, so it secretly carried out operations to sabotage the continent at that time. However, this claim has not been ironcladically proven.
Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang
Zhang Xueliang's conspiracy
Zhang Xueliang, as Zhang Zuolin's son, is also one of Zhang's faction leaders.
Zhang Xueliang's conspiracy is a widely accepted mainstream theory.
According to relevant records, Zhang Xueliang once paid some money to his cronie Zhang Fakui to make the latter secretly bomb the Shenyang Bridge.
On the day of the incident, Zhang Zuolin set off from the Nanguan restaurant and passed through the Shenyang communication port outside the Xiaoqinghe Bridge, but was killed by Zhang Fakui, a student of the Whampoa Military Academy (that is, the joint army of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party), detonating an explosive pack.
After the explosion of the Shenyang Bridge, Zhang Xueliang took over the army of the Zhang family, which fully proved the feasibility of this statement.
However, this claim has not been fully substantiated.
After all, such a thing as a son blowing up Lao Tzu cannot be done by ordinary people.
Moreover, the contradiction between their father and son does not seem to be to the point of death and death.
Grand Marshal's Mansion
Other possibilities
In addition to the above two statements, there are many other possibilities.
It is said that this was an action by the Yin state, because the Yin state was about to invade China at the time, and Zhang Zuolin became an obstacle to them.
There is also a view that other countries intervened, as such ZZ murders are common.
However, these claims are sufficiently substantiated and can therefore only be regarded as speculation or speculation.
A letter of appointment from that era
Findings of the investigation
After Zhang Zuolin was killed, GMDZF launched an investigation into the cause of his death.
Finally, after a lengthy 12-year investigation, the GMDZF investigation report concluded that Zhang Zuolin's death was mainly due to the rout NJZY government's refusal to send BD to Shenyang for protection.
Despite heavy guards along the road, command errors between officers and men and between the upper and lower ranks led to the successful detonation of the bomb.
The internal ghost intelligence officer made the subsequent processing work efficiency decreased, thus not preventing the escalation of internal contradictions, which eventually led to Zhang Zuolin's tragic end.
This investigation report came out so difficult, it seemed so perfunctory, and the authenticity was relatively low.
A full 95 years have passed since this incident, and with the passage of time, perhaps the mystery of Zhang Zuolin's death will never be solved, and this will only leave people with more imagination forever.