Before reading this article, trouble the official to click "follow", convenient for you to discuss and share, enhance your sense of participation, the editor will continue to update wonderful articles, you officials don't miss it~
Wen | is not a pawn
Editor|Not a pawn
#历史开讲 #
preface
The Tang Dynasty (618–907) was a glorious period in Chinese history, a period of great political, economic, and cultural achievements, as well as a golden period for the development of Buddhism in China. Buddhism was introduced in China as early as the Han Dynasty, but it really became popular during the Northern Wei Dynasty.
With the rise of the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism was also more widely spread and developed. Buddhism had a significant political, cultural and social influence in the Tang Dynasty, and Buddhism had a profound impact on the political and cultural life of the Tang Dynasty, and also made positive contributions to the transformation and development of Tang society.
This paper aims to explore the political, cultural and social influence of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty, to study the political, cultural and social influence of Buddhism on the Tang Dynasty through the analysis of the historical background and related materials of Tang Dynasty Buddhism, to summarize the status and role of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty, and to look forward to the future of Tang Dynasty Buddhist research.
I. The influence of Buddhism on the government of the Tang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an important period in the development of Buddhism in China, and the influence of Buddhism in the Tang government was also very significant. The relationship between Buddhism and the Tang government went through ups and downs, but overall, the influence of Buddhism on the Tang government was positive.
On the one hand, the influence of Buddhism on the Tang government was mainly manifested in religious policy. The Tang Dynasty government was tolerant of Buddhism and repeatedly issued decrees tolerating Buddhism to encourage the development and spread of Buddhism. The Tang Dynasty also set up special institutions to take charge of Buddhist affairs, such as the "Sanzang Monastery" and the "Great Ci'en Temple", to ensure the normal operation of Buddhism.
In addition, the Tang Dynasty also saw some bureaucrats and royal family members convert to Buddhism, and they played a certain role in promoting the status and influence of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty government.
On the other hand, the influence of Tang Buddhism on Tang politics cannot be ignored. The development of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty promoted the stability and unification of Tang politics, and Buddhism played an important mediating role in Tang politics. At the same time, the prosperity of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty also promoted the pluralism of culture and thought in Tang Dynasty politics, and also had a profound impact on the progress and development of Tang Dynasty politics.
In short, the influence of Tang Buddhism on the Tang government was manifested in many aspects, and the development of Buddhism promoted the political stability and development of the Tang Dynasty, and also had a far-reaching impact on the religious policy and political culture of the Tang Dynasty government.
II. The Role of Buddhism in Tang Dynasty Politics
Buddhism played an important role in Tang politics. It was both part of Tang politics and somewhat independent of politics. Here are a few of the roles of Buddhism in Tang politics:
The conciliatory role of Buddhism: The Tang Dynasty was one of the most politically stable and powerful dynasties in Chinese history, and the development of Buddhism played an important role in the political stability and unity of the Tang Dynasty.
During the Tang Dynasty, the influence of Buddhism in society expanded, and there were many bureaucrats and royal members among Buddhists. These people were influenced by Buddhist teachings and advocated the ideals of peace, tolerance, and compassion, which contributed to the political stability and harmony of the Tang Dynasty.
Exchanges between Buddhism and Political Culture: During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist culture spread widely in China and became an integral part of Chinese culture. At the same time, Buddhist culture also had an important impact on the political culture of the Tang Dynasty.
For example, Zen thought, Taoist thought, poetry, etc. in the culture of the Tang Dynasty were all influenced by Buddhist culture. Buddhism also played an important role in the inheritance and development of Chinese culture in the politics of the Tang Dynasty.
Buddhist Philanthropy: Buddhist philanthropy also had an impact on Tang politics. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist monasteries opened many charities to provide relief for the poor and help the world. Buddhist philanthropy not only contributed to society, but also strengthened the image and popular support of the Tang government.
In short, Buddhism played multiple roles in the politics of the Tang Dynasty, and it had a profound impact on the stability and development of Tang Dynasty politics, the pluralism of culture and thought, and social harmony and justice.
III. The relationship between Buddhism and the government of the Tang Dynasty
During the Tang Dynasty, there was a complex relationship between Buddhism and the government. In general, the attitude of the Tang government towards Buddhism was relatively tolerant, but it was not without conflict.
Status of Buddhism: During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism was one of the officially recognized religions, and the government's attitude towards Buddhism was relatively tolerant. During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang, Buddhism was officially included in the Five Religions and enjoyed official status. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist monasteries were often built and Buddhist monks were given some economic and political support. All these provided a guarantee for the spread and development of Buddhism in Tang Dynasty society.
Relationship between Buddhism and Politics: Although Buddhism had a higher status in Tang politics, the relationship between Buddhism and politics was not always harmonious. During the Tang Dynasty, there were some conflicts between Buddhist sects and the government, such as disputes between the Tendai sect and government officials.
In addition, during the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism also participated in political struggles to a certain extent, such as the division of domains and towns during the Suzong period and the Anshi Rebellion, all of which involved conflicts of interest of Buddhist sects.
The Social Role of Buddhism: In addition to its influence on the government, the role of Buddhism in Tang society was also very important. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist monasteries became an important part of social life.
Buddhist temples are not only religious sites, but also centers of various cultural, artistic and academic activities, with high social reputation and influence. In addition, Buddhist philanthropy also made great contributions to society, making the image of Buddhism in Tang society more positive.
In short, the relationship between Buddhism and the Tang government was complex, and the influence of Buddhism on the Tang government and society was multifaceted, both positive and negative. But overall, Buddhism played a positive role in the social and cultural development of the Tang Dynasty.
4. The development and dissemination of Buddhist art
During the Tang Dynasty, the spread and development of Buddhism also led to the prosperity and development of Buddhist art. Buddhist art is mainly expressed in the form of Buddhist statues, Buddhist murals, and Buddhist architecture.
Buddhist statues: During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist statues developed like never before. The shape of the Buddha statue gradually becomes fuller, majestic and artistic, expressing the aesthetic meaning of the Buddhist faith.
In the Tang Dynasty, Buddha statues were expressed in the form of Rulai, Bodhisattva, Arhat, King Ming, etc., among which Rulai statues were the most popular. The main materials for making Buddha statues are stone, wood, gold, silver, copper, pottery, etc., among which gold and silver Buddha statues were the most popular during the Tang Dynasty.
Buddhist Mural Painting: During the Tang Dynasty, the art of Buddhist mural painting also developed like never before. Buddhist murals are often painted on the walls or roofs of Buddhist temples and are an important way to express Buddhist ideas and beliefs.
Tang dynasty Buddhist murals are expressed in the form of line drawing, painted painting and relief. Tang Dynasty Buddhist murals are diverse in style, including traditional Chinese art and Indian Buddhist art, with the Mogao Grottoes and Longmen Grottoes being the most famous.
Buddhist architecture: During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist architecture was also greatly developed, and Buddhist temples became an important carrier of Buddhist culture. Tang Dynasty Buddhist architecture is characterized by grandeur, solemnity and majesty, rigorous architectural structure, reasonable layout and unique style. Representative Buddhist buildings include Luoyang White Horse Temple, Emeishan Golden Dome Temple, Wutaishan Pagoda Courtyard, etc.
In short, the development and spread of Buddhist art during the Tang Dynasty not only demonstrated the aesthetic value of Buddhist beliefs, but also reflected the integration of traditional Chinese culture and foreign culture. Tang Dynasty Buddhist art is not only a treasure of Chinese Buddhist culture, but also a part of the world's cultural treasury that cannot be ignored.
V. The contribution of Buddhism to Tang Dynasty culture
Buddhism had a profound impact on the development of Chinese culture during the Tang Dynasty and made important contributions to the development and prosperity of Tang Dynasty culture.
Literature and art: The introduction of Buddhism made Tang Dynasty literature and art more diversified. There is no shortage of expressions of Buddhist ideas in Tang poems, such as Wang Zhiluo's "Ascending the Stork Tower" and Bai Juyi's "Giving Ancient Grass a Farewell". The spread of Buddhism also led to the flourishing and development of Buddhist art, including Buddhist statues, Buddhist murals, and Buddhist architecture.
Science and Technology: The introduction of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty also promoted the exchange and development of science and technology. In the process of spreading, Buddhism brought Indian knowledge of mathematics, astronomy, medicine and other aspects, and had a certain impact on Chinese science and technology.
Social ethics: Buddhism's emphasis on education in compassion, kindness, and morality had a positive impact on the formation of social ethics and moral concepts in the Tang Dynasty. The spread of Buddhism also brought with it a new social group of monks and nuns, who influenced the social customs of the time with their own actions.
Philosophical thought: The spread of Buddhism made the philosophical thought of the Tang Dynasty more diverse. The academic study of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty played a certain role in promoting the development and evolution of Chinese philosophy.
In short, Buddhism had a profound impact on the development of Chinese culture during the Tang Dynasty, providing an important driving force for the diversified development of Chinese culture. The spread of Buddhism brought new cultures and ideas, and also promoted the openness and tolerance of Chinese culture.
6. The cultural influence of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty
As an important stage in the history of Chinese culture, Tang Dynasty Buddhism had a profound impact on Chinese culture, which is manifested in the following aspects:
Art and architecture: The development of Buddhist art and architecture in the Tang Dynasty was unprecedented at the time, and its art forms such as statues, murals, and stupas had a huge impact on the history of traditional Chinese art. The large-scale production and dissemination of Buddhist artworks brought about the development of the production technology of precious crafts such as gold and silver and jade, which greatly promoted the artistic progress of the time.
Literature and Poetry: Tang Buddhism also had an important influence on literature and poetry. There are many expressions of Buddhist ideas in Tang poems, such as Wang Zhixiao's "Ascending the Stork Tower" and Bai Juyi's "Giving Ancient Grass a Farewell", many of which are expressions of Buddhist thought.
Thought and Philosophy: The introduction of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty had a profound impact on the evolution of Chinese philosophical thought, and after the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist thought gradually penetrated into Chinese society, was absorbed and integrated into Confucian culture, and promoted the integration and development of Chinese cultural thought.
Social ethics: The introduction of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty had an important impact on the ethical concept of Chinese society. Tang Buddhism advocated education in compassion, kindness, morality and other aspects, which had a positive impact on the formation of ethical and moral concepts in Tang society.
Science and Technology: Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty also promoted the exchange and development of science and technology. In the process of spreading, Buddhism brought Indian knowledge of mathematics, astronomy, medicine and other aspects, and had a certain impact on Chinese science and technology.
In short, Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty was an important stage of development in the history of Chinese culture, which had a profound impact on Chinese culture, promoted the development and progress of Chinese culture, and became an important part of Chinese culture.
conclusion
To sum up, Tang Dynasty Buddhism was an important stage in Chinese cultural history and had a profound impact on the development of Chinese culture. Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty had an important impact on Tang society in terms of politics, culture, and art, and also exerted a wide and profound impact on later Chinese society.
The introduction and development of Buddhism promoted the progress and development of ethics, morality, culture and philosophy in Tang Dynasty society, and also promoted cultural exchanges between China and India and other countries, expanding China's cultural vision. Therefore, Tang Dynasty Buddhism has an important position and role in Chinese cultural history.
bibliography
1. Yang Weiguo, Buddhism and Sino-Indian Cultural Exchange in the Tang Dynasty, China Social Sciences Press, 2010.
2. Chen Jianping, Research on Buddhist Art in the Tang Dynasty, Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 2013.
3. Chen Gang, Studies on Buddhist Literature in the Tang Dynasty, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2009.
4. Xu Huaming, Buddhism and Political Culture in the Tang Dynasty, Shandong People's Publishing House, 2016.
5. Liu Hong, Buddhism and Social Culture in the Tang Dynasty, Peking University Press, 2012.
6. Lin Chao, Buddhism and Traditional Culture in the Tang Dynasty, Guangxi Normal University Press, 2013.
7. Zhang Zhuo, "The Historical Status and Cultural Influence of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty", Hunan Literature and Art Publishing House, 2011.