Recently, Shanxi has experienced rare and sustained rainfall, and many ancient buildings in the province are in distress. According to statistics from the Shanxi Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics, as of noon on October 10, a total of 1,763 immovable cultural relics in Shanxi had many dangerous situations such as roof leakage, wall cracking and collapse, foundation collapse, and building collapse to varying degrees. Nine museums and memorials leaked rain in a small area and some components were damaged.
Shanxi is the province with the largest number of ancient architectural relics in the country, and Shanxi's ancient buildings have a complete sequence, many categories and complete shapes. There are 53,875 immovable cultural relics registered in Shanxi, a major cultural relics province, including 28,027 ancient buildings and 421 national key cultural relics protection units.
On October 11, according to the public account of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage urgently allocated funds for the emergency rescue of cultural relics to support Shanxi to carry out emergency response and rescue of cultural relics damaged by disasters. Shangguan News reporters contacted a number of national and provincial cultural relics protection units in Shanxi Province that were damaged by online rumors to track the current emergency repair of cultural relics after the torrential rain.
An ancient city wall in Pingyao, which was damaged by rainwater, photographed on October 5. Courtesy of respondents
Pingyao ancient city wall in distress
From October 3 to 5, 120 mm of precipitation was received in the Pingyao area of Jinzhong. As a large-scale open-air earthen cultural relics building, the continuous heavy rainfall is the biggest threat to the safety of the wall. Pingyao, Shanxi, is known as one of the "Four Best-Preserved Ancient Cities" and one of the two ancient Chinese cities that have successfully declared the entire ancient city as a World Cultural Heritage.
In the early morning of October 5, the inner wall of No. 84 Pingyao City Wall collapsed partially, and the total length of the collapse of the city wall was about 25 meters and the height of 10 meters. On October 7, the Propaganda Department of the Pingyao County Party Committee reported that the partial collapse of the ancient city wall in Pingyao did not cause casualties, the repair project has been started, and the local government and cultural relics protection experts have rushed to the scene for the first time to guide the follow-up disposal work.
Chen Bo, a 27-year-old local, runs a homestay in the southwest corner of the ancient city. The gate of his homestay is separated from a city wall that was washed away by torrential rain, just across a small road, and the distance between the two is less than two meters.
Chen Bo found that the city wall at the entrance was seriously damaged by rain on the morning of October 5, and he could still hear the sound of bricks falling to the ground mixed with mud at the entrance of the store from time to time. ”
In the afternoon, the damaged walls were surrounded by workers with green fences. The damaged wall in front of the homestay is covered with white fabric and is being repaired by seven or eight workers. Pedestrians can pass through a temporary road of about half a meter near the city wall. After the 6th, the rain gradually stopped, and there were no more heavy objects falling on the walls.
According to preliminary local statistics, no less than 10 walls have been damaged by rainwater, and the area and extent of rainwater damage are basically similar.
Chen Bo described the rain-damaged wall at the entrance of the inn as about the length of two trucks, and the bricks on the top of the wall more than ten meters high all fell to the ground, and the damaged walls were mainly concentrated in the width between the top of the wall and two meters below. "In fact, the place near the top of the city wall is more seriously damaged. Because the ancient city wall of Pingyao was originally made of soil, most of the walls were originally not covered with bricks, so as soon as the photos and videos of the city wall damaged by rainwater on the Internet came out, everyone saw the earthen city wall and mistakenly thought that the entire wall was damaged. Chen Bo explained.
After the rainstorm, loosen the bricks that fall on the walls of the ground. Courtesy of respondents
Workers made slow progress in repairing the walls, as most of the repairs were done manually. Locals are even worried about whether the city walls will be repaired to their original state by the end of the year, at the current rate of restoration. "In the past, these workers who maintained the city wall often did some routine inspections, and they often made small repairs to the city wall, even if it was a small place, it had to be used for several hours, and the soil was hoisted to the city wall with a mechanical arm, and they then manually filled in the erosion damage on the city wall." In Chen Bo's impression, the city wall suffered such a large area of damage, only once in the past, "it should also be because of the torrential rain, but the specifics have not been remembered clearly." ”
According to Chen Bo's experience, the reason why many of the city walls were washed away by the rain during this rainstorm was not because of the heavy rain, but mainly because the rain had lasted too long. "It has been raining moderately since the 3rd, and occasionally it will turn into light rain, but people walking in the rain is definitely not the feeling of being in a particularly violent heavy rainstorm." Chen Bo said. Usually, the heavy rainstorm in the ancient city of Pingyao lasted for two or three hours at most, which also damaged the rammed city wall, but it did not affect the structure of the city wall, "that is, the rain brought away some floating soil on the surface and washed down some mud water." And this time, the old houses in the ancient city were also damaged by the rain, Chen Bo heard a friend on the fire department say that a few days ago they all went out to help the people repair the houses.
In addition to the city walls, during the rainstorm, there were also one or two indoor attractions in the ancient city that were affected and closed for a day or two. Xiao Bai, a tourist from Taiyuan, arrived on the evening of October 6, and when she rode a rented electric car around the city on the morning of the 7th, she found that the city wall was being repaired everywhere, and there were two or three attractions in the ancient city that were not open, and there were only scattered tourists walking on the scenic streets.
By the day of October 8, Xiaobai found that the scenic spot had basically resumed normal operations, and the attractions that had been temporarily closed were reopened.
At present, Pingyao has timely cleaned up the rammed earth and bricks that have fallen off the ground surface, set up isolation enclosures and warning signs in the collapsed section of the city wall, covered the walls of the dangerous section and emergency treatment, prevented the occurrence of secondary collapse, and ensured the personal safety of residents and tourists in the ancient city. At the same time, the rescue and repair procedure of the city wall has been docked and started. The ancient city is also increasing the frequency of 24-hour inspection of the ancient city wall, timely discovery and rapid disposal of the dangerous situation of the city wall, and make every effort to ensure the safety of the ancient city wall.
Chen Bo said that the national day that just passed was the most deserted holiday since he opened his shop in 2014, "probably less than half of the usual National Day." ”
"This time it was mainly affected by the torrential rain, and my inn was still full before the heavy rain on the 3rd." Chen Bo felt that the heavy rain on No. 3 was a dividing line, and the more than a dozen rooms in his inn were in short supply, and they were all priced at two or three hundred yuan a piece. After two or three days of continuous rain, the popularity of the ancient city faded, although the price of each room was reduced to one or two hundred yuan, there were still three or four rooms vacated every day, and the entire "Eleventh" holiday was only 4 days full. And the original any statutory holiday, the inn is almost a room is difficult to find.
In the past two years, the tourism industry in Pingyao Ancient City has been affected by the epidemic and has been in volatility, and in August, the pingyao large-scale sitcom performance "See You Again Pingyao" was also suspended for a month due to epidemic prevention and control, and the popularity of the city also cooled down.
In the face of the partial collapse of the city wall, the local operators in Pingyao are more optimistic, "After all, it is something made of soil, which will erode over the years, not to mention so long rainfall." Chen Bo said. In a Video of October 5 provided by him, the owner of the inn next door to his house is still facing the city wall, and the people who are eager to transfer their houses, shouting that they are "clean and sanitary", and the lives of the people of Pingyao have not changed much because of the partial collapse of the city wall in front of their homes.
But now the people in the city are most concerned about when the city wall can be repaired and whether it can be repaired as old as it is.
On October 12, the ancient city wall of Pingyao was still being repaired. Courtesy of respondents
Cultural relics are dangerous and real
Located in Fenxi County, the Zhenwu Ancestral Hall is a key cultural relics protection unit at the provincial level in Shanxi, built according to the Gushe Mountain, and the existing main building structure is the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Due to the damage to the building caused by the torrential rain, Li Ming (pseudonym), a staff member of the local Cultural and Tourism Bureau, has been very busy in recent days. Li Ming told reporters that the damage to the Zhenwu Ancestral Hall was very serious, and there were many collapses.
"It started to rain here around September 28th and 29th, and at the end of September there was a collapse of the monument gallery and a crack in the bell tower. On the night of October 10, the right side of the Jade Emperor's Great Hall, as well as the Huatuo Hall and the Bull King's Horse King Hall below, collapsed. "The bell tower is divided into two floors, and cracks have appeared in the walls." We have an old stage here, and now the cave on the west side of the stage has collapsed. In addition, the collapse of the open space on the north side affected the collapse of the outer wall in front of the cave where the monument corridor is located and the Zhenwu Ancestral Hall. ”
On the reasons for the collapse, Li Ming said: "There was a part of the collapse before the 5th, and there was still rain after the 5th, and it was too long and penetrating, and it collapsed some more, and now there is a risk of continuing to collapse at any time." ”
Due to the risk of collapse at any time, in order to avoid casualties, everyone has been evacuated from the Zhenwu Temple. On October 12, Li Ming stayed with his colleagues in the unit and did not go to The Gu Sheshan Mountain. For the follow-up treatment, Li Ming said that he is now in the stage of waiting for the notice of the higher authorities, "it needs to be reported to the county, and then to the city and the province, so there is no repair work yet..."
Mengshan Kaihua Temple, located in the religious worship area of Jinyang Ancient City, is a national key cultural relics protection unit and a famous Buddhist temple of the Northern Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties. In a list circulated online, there was a greater danger in Kaihua Temple. However, the person in charge of the scenic spot told reporters that the cultural relics themselves were not affected by the torrential rain, and the so-called "dangerous situation" was only a piece of the eaves of the box house where the monks lived, and now the repair has been completed. "There was no other damage. Now there is no rain, and the scenic spot is also operating normally. ”
Located at the foot of Tianlong Mountain on the west side of Taiyuan, Shanxi, the Tianlongshan Grottoes are representatives of Northern Qi Buddhist culture and a national key cultural relics protection unit. The official said the grotto was not affected by rain and there was no water leakage. The only effect was a little landslide that caused some stones to fall on the road, which had been dealt with. "The rain has long stopped, and the scenic spot is operating normally." As a provincial key cultural relics protection unit, the former site of the CPC Yangqu County Committee has not appeared in the situation of "on the verge of collapse" spread on the Internet. The official in charge pointed out that there was indeed a rain leak in the east ear room, but it was not the wall that cracked, but the rafters on the roof fell down and had not yet been repaired.
The person in charge of dingcun villages in Linfen, Shanxi, is holding a meeting to study the relevant technical solutions for the repair of cultural relics, and is also constantly directing the emergency repair work in an interview. Located on the east bank of the Fenhe River 4 kilometers south of Xiangfen County, Dingcun Village is a ming and qing dynasty residential complex with a history of more than 400 years, and relevant protection measures have been done before. The meeting time was urgent, and the person in charge only had time to tell the reporter the latest situation of the mat parts of room 1 falling off.
In recent days, on multiple short video platforms, the news that "Taiyuan Jinci temple has been seriously damaged" has attracted attention and forwarding. Located at the foot of the Hanging Urn Mountain 25 kilometers southwest of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the JinCi Temple is a national key cultural relics protection unit, built to worship the founding prince of the Zhou Dynasty Jin Dynasty, Shu Yu, and his mother Yi Jiang, dating back more than 1,500 years. On the afternoon of October 11, a staff member of the Jinci Temple confirmed to reporters that the Jinci Temple did seep water, but it can be visited normally. On the morning of October 12, the reporter called the front desk of a chain hotel 500 meters away from the Jinci Temple, according to the front desk, the Jinci Temple has been reopened, the main buildings are damaged by rainwater, and some of the partial halls in the back need to be renovated.
According to the Yuncheng City Government of Shanxi Province, due to successive days of rain and water from upstream, the largest flood peak in the Yuncheng section of the Fenhe River in nearly 40 years occurred, and the embankment of the north section of the Fenhe River, located near Qiaodong Village in Xindi County, broke at about 17:00 on October 7. Affected by continuous rainfall, a Kuixing Building in Yanjiazhuang, Gujiao Town, Xindi County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, collapsed abruptly, which aroused the attention of cultural security enthusiasts.
Ancient architectural painter Lianda recorded in his public account that the building was in jeopardy in 2015. He described: The pavilion has been severely skewed and deformed, the lower colonnades have fallen, the eaves have collapsed, and the rafters have protruded from the ground... Many of the woods have been torn apart and overwhelmed.
Wang Jianhua, a staff member of the Xindi County Cultural Relics Protection Technology Center, recently told the media that the Kuixing Building in Yanjiazhuang was indeed destroyed in heavy rain, but this building is not in the list of county-level cultural relics protection units in Xindi County.
On October 11, a local who lives in Gujiao Town said that the rain had been intermittent for a month and had stopped four days ago, and that she did not know that there was such a spot as Kuixing Tower.
On October 6, there was still some water in the ancient city of Pingyao. Courtesy of respondents
Column Editor-in-Chief: Zai Fei Text Editor: Zai Fei
Source: Author: Xia Jing Yang Shuyuan Wang Qian