The title is actually a bit wrong, because family planning is the state's regulation of family life, and encouraging family planning is also a kind of family planning. But today, for most Chinese, family planning is a single policy that emphasizes having only one child.
The birth plan was proposed in 1979 to encourage couples to have only one child, and by 1982, it had directly become a basic national policy.
After the implementation of family planning, it was clearly stipulated that each family could only have one child.
However, in those days, patriarchal preference was very serious. But in general, giving birth to a boy and a girl is generally half the probability of each, and many families give birth to a girl on the first child, so they have to find various ways to give birth to the second child.
And at that time, the concept of many children and many blessings was very popular, believing that more children could better take care of their parents' lives when they were old.
Therefore, the implementation of this policy is not very easy, and people have a great lack of understanding about how many children to have.
So society began to use both hard and soft aspects for unraveling.
On the soft side, the benefits of family planning for the country and society are first displayed.
First, reduce population pressure
In China at that time, the level of socio-economic development was not too high.
As a result, the total material produced by society was not enough to meet the huge population at that time.
At present, the labor force of the population is a very important resource, but in those days, a large number of low-quality people and labor were almost a burden for the country.
Many experts believe that China's population will not be able to support China's huge population in the future, and even believe that without control, China's population will grow by hundreds of millions or hundreds of millions
Second, the employment situation is arduous
Many people yearn for an era on the Internet, but if it really arrives in that era, I am afraid that he will not be happy.
Because a few decades ago, China's economy was too underdeveloped.
At that time, meat was the most precious in the families of Chinese individuals, after all, sometimes it was eaten only once a year.
The only consolation is that poverty in China at that time was universal, and most families had little money and low living standards.
Many people don't have a place to work even if they want to. In the cities, it is often the case that the father of a worker who has not yet reached retirement age prepares to lay off his child and let his child take over his post in order to give his adult child a job.
Even further, because there were not enough jobs, the state imported a large number of young laborers into the countryside, hoping that the countryside could support these tens of millions of people.
In the countryside, the only job of the farmer is to plow the land or weed every day, not because the farmer does not want to do other work to make money, but because there is not much work for the farmer to do.
The pressure of the employment situation forced the country to start steadily implementing family planning.
Secondly, on the soft side, there are the benefits of publicizing the only child.
One, only give birth to one good, the state to provide for the elderly
This was indeed true at the time. However, this sentence was only shouted by the local government in order to advance smoothly.
In order to facilitate the promotion, but in many places, it is written on the propaganda sign that only one good birth, the state to retire.
As for the hard aspects, I will not go into detail here, after all, everyone who understands should understand, no more than housing, work, social relations and other issues.
鼓励生育时代的到来
Family planning naturally has benefits, but it also produces some drawbacks. For example, the aging of the population is serious, and the population dividend in the labor force is insufficient.
Pensions are also a big issue
So the time came to encourage fertility.
Not only has the state allowed the birth of three children, but in many places in order to encourage childbirth, a series of methods to encourage childbirth have been introduced, such as guaranteeing maternity leave for women who give birth and paying money to those who give birth to second and third children.
And that, in my opinion, is a very big step forward.
First, it is in line with the international economic developed countries
Low fertility rates prevail in economically developed countries.
Although China's economy is still far from developed, it is already good compared to before.
China has begun to integrate with developed countries in the world.
The decline in the fertility rate of the population in developed countries has begun to encourage fertility and pay for people to have more children, and China has now begun to send money to hope that people will have more children.
South Korea now has the lowest fertility rate in the world, followed by Singapore, while China's fertility rate will finally rank 5th in 2022.
In general, the fertility levels of the more developed countries in the world are relatively low.
Second, the decline in fertility is social progress
In the old days, Chinese especially in rural areas loved to have children.
Many families have several daughters and boys, and these children are not well educated and guaranteed social resources after birth.
Often after birth, give some food and some clothes to wear, as long as you survive in the end, it can be regarded as a victory.
Today's people, because they are worried that they cannot provide better education and various living conditions for their children, generally choose to have fewer children and fewer children, which is actually a responsible behavior for children.
And a common phenomenon in society is that the number of children with very rich people is relatively large, and there are more children in poorer lives.
Middle-income groups in society tend to have lower fertility rates relative to the above two groups.
This is a progress of ideas, and this is a progress of society.