Domestic 28 nm lithography machine has been attracting much attention, because this represents the problem of whether the immersion advanced lithography machine can be mass-produced, recently there is a new mobile phone 14 nm chip that is about to be released by domestic mobile phones, which may represent the real mass production of the immersion lithography machine and has been put into use.
First, the significance of domestic 14nm chips
Due to well-known reasons, domestic chip manufacturing enterprises using ASML 14 nm lithography machine and imported photoresist and other materials can not produce chips for the enterprise, now its 14 nm chip is used in mobile phones, which means that at least 28 nm lithography machine and photoresist and other materials have been localized.
Domestic has long been rumored that the domestic 28 nm lithography machine has passed the technical verification, so long passed, there is no new news, perhaps in the promotion of mass production, the launch of the domestic 14 nm chip should represent that the domestic 28 nm lithography machine has been put into production.
The mass production of 28 nm lithography machine has important index significance for domestic advanced lithography machines, because the lithography machine at 28 nm and below needs to use immersion lithography technology, with infiltration lithography technology, and then mass production of 14 nm immersion lithography machine will not have much problem, 28 nm lithography machine, 14 nm lithography machine are using the same light source, the technical principle is mostly the same.
Another significance of the mass production of 28 nm lithography machine is that the domestic lithography machine industry chain has been perfected, due to well-known reasons, China can not only import lithography machines below 14 nm, but also advanced lithography machine related components can not be imported, which forces China to improve the lithography machine industry chain by itself, which is also the reason why domestic lithography machines take so long to mass production.
Previously, the eight major manufacturing links of domestic chips, many links have broken through to 14 nm, etching machine, packaging technology has progressed to 5 nm, now the mass production of advanced lithography machine, the entire chip manufacturing industry chain has finally opened, China's chip manufacturing will no longer be subject to people.
Second, there is hope for domestic 7 nanometers
The mass production of 28nm lithography machine can open up a new situation for the 7nm process that is currently in urgent demand in China. The 7nm process does not have to have an EUV lithography machine to mass production, TSMC's earliest 7nm process is achieved with a 14nm immersion lithography machine, but the 7nm process produced by the 14nm lithography machine is not strong enough and the cost is higher.
Domestic lithography machine breakthrough to 28 nm process, solve the key immersion technology, then 14 nm lithography machine is not far away, which is the previous relevant experts emphasized that China can produce advanced 14 nm lithography machine in only two or three years, may be at that time these experts have been given relevant news, so said.
The lithography machine giant ASML also said that even if the lithography machine drawings are handed over to China, China cannot produce advanced 14 nm lithography machines, but then quickly changed its words, believing that China can produce advanced lithography machines sooner or later, as an industry giant has a smoother way to obtain information, it should also be from some information that China has made technological progress in advanced lithography machines.
14 nm has been able to meet the needs of domestic chips, 7 nm can meet ninety percent of domestic chip needs, the rapid progress of domestic advanced lithography machines, obviously unexpected by the United States. As the American billionaire Bill Gates said, the United States cannot restrict China's development of advanced chip technology, and now all this confirms Bill Gates' prediction.
In recent years, the progress of China's chips has been quite rapid, the daily production capacity of chips has exceeded 1 billion, and the chip self-sufficiency rate has increased to more than 30%, which is mainly achieved in the case of the existing 28nm process, and the progress of more advanced processes will promote the self-sufficiency rate of domestic chips to further increase, so it is expected that the goal of achieving 70% of the chip self-sufficiency rate in 2025 has been achieved.
On the basis of existing technology, China's demand for overseas chips is declining rapidly, China's chip imports in 2022 decreased by 15%, China's chip imports in the first two months of this year decreased by 26.5%, the acceleration of domestic chip substitution has caused a huge blow to American chips, American chips either have losses, or fell into recession, and then they will inevitably bear a greater blow to Chinese chips.