Mount Everest is the highest point in the world, located on the border between China and Nepal. Mount Everest is a Tibetan name meaning the peak of the goddess, but it is very old, and few people know this allusion.
Mount Everest looks like a giant pyramid from a distance, with extremely rugged terrain and a very complex environment. From the Chinese side, it resembles a large pyramid, majestic and mysterious; From the Nepalese side, it looks like a young girl lying quietly in the arms of ice and snow, delicate and serene.
Since half of the Himalayas are located in Nepal, why does the final ownership of Mount Everest belong to China?
Due to its special geographical environment, the mountain has been in dispute.
The issue of sovereignty over Mount Everest dates back to the 19th century. At the time, both Britain and India claimed the area. In 1913, the Government of British India submitted the Report on the Delimitation of the Border and the Simla Conference to the local authorities in Tibet.
The document clearly states that there is a "permanent and effective conflict of interest" between Britain and India in southern Tibet and demands that local Tibetan authorities transfer territories belonging to China to India. The central government of the Qing Dynasty resolutely rejected this, believing that it violated international law and violated China's sovereignty.
Therefore, under the pretext of the ownership of the Himalayas, Britain sent troops into the mainland in 1914 and 1918 in an attempt to seize control of the region. Faced with the British invasion, the Qing government was forced to negotiate with the British, and in 1890 signed the Sino-British Regulations for the Renewal of Tibet-India Trade in Lhasa.
The charter stipulated that the two countries would be separated by the Himalayas, and that the Chinese would recognize the northern slope occupied by the British. However, the Qing government never recognized this so-called "temporary demarcation line", but insisted on calling the eastern section of the Sino-Nepalese border "Yadong", later Zhangmu, according to traditional customs.
With the development of the world situation, the competition between countries has also intensified, in order to better compete for resources, markets and other strategic places, many countries began to strengthen cooperation with each other by signing agreements or establishing military bases.
Against this background, the China-Nepal border issue, which had already reached consensus, has undergone new changes. The most important of these is the dispute between China and Nepal over sovereignty over Mount Everest.
Since the 60s of the 20th century, the United States has constantly intervened in attempts to bring this region under its hegemonic territory, and for this reason, the United States and India signed a treaty on the joint development of northeastern Nepal.
However, with the withdrawal of American troops and the intervention of the Soviet Union in the Sino-Soviet Zhenbao Island incident, the situation became more and more confusing. During this period, China and the Soviet Union also negotiated this several times, and finally reached a legally binding agreement in 1965, the famous Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance.
In this treaty, the two sides agreed that if a situation similar to Zhenbao Island occurs in the future, then China has the right to use all Siberian regions, including Mount Everest.
"Mount Everest" belongs to China and also needs the protection of both sides
Mount Everest is not only the highest point in the world, but also the highest point in the Himalayas, which is located on the northern slope of the Himalayas, which is on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China.
It belongs to China, and this is an indisputable fact. However, due to the increase in the number of climbs in recent years, the pollution problem of Mount Everest is also very serious. On Mount Everest, there are countless man-made garbage, either thrown by tourists or left by climbers.
Most of the waste generated by these human activities, including food packaging bags, disposable tableware and plastic products, is discarded in the mountains, and due to the lack of effective treatment, most of the man-made waste ends up in the natural environment. In addition, some garbage, such as clothes, shoes and socks and backpacks, was left on the mountain.
The environmental protection of Mount Everest is imminent. It is understood that as early as the 43rd session of the United Nations World Heritage Conference in 2018, China proposed that "bilateral consensus" be the only way to solve the Everest issue.
In June 2019, China and Nepal signed the Bill on Cooperation in the Conservation and Management of Biodiversity on Mount Everest and the Surrounding Area, specifying that the two sides agreed to peacefully identify and effectively manage the biological resources of Mount Everest and related areas in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China through bilateral negotiations.
In May 2019, the Chinese and Nepalese governments formally signed an agreement announcing that from 2020, the People's Republic of China and Nepal will jointly carry out joint monitoring and protection of Mount Everest and its surrounding areas.
At present, the mainland has achieved coverage and monitoring of the entire area of Mount Everest, and has established corresponding data centers, which can obtain relevant monitoring information in real time. Although Mount Everest belongs to China, it is the natural heritage of all mankind, and we have the obligation to protect its ecological environment.