overview
A topographic profile is a vertical profile along a straight line on the surface to show the relief of the section on the profile.
There are many software that can make profile charts, as the boss of the GIS industry, ArcGIS is of course also possible, here is a detailed introduction to the knowledge of making profiles in ArcGIS, I hope it can be helpful to you.
Data sources
The data used in this tutorial is the DEM data downloaded from the water longitude micromap, in addition to the DEM data, common GIS data can be downloaded from the water longitude micromap, you can get the software download address by following the WeChat public account "Water Longitude Note GIS", and then reply to the "micro map" in the background, of course, you can also download directly in the official website of Water Longitude Note GIS.
Water meridian microchart
(Pay attention to the WeChat public account "Water Economics Note GIS", and reply to "Weitu" to obtain the Water Economics Micro Map software installation package)
Extract the profile directly
This method is the most direct and simple, first open the 3D Analyst toolbar, click the Insert Line button on the toolbar, as shown in the following figure.
Click the Insert Line button
(Follow the WeChat public account "Water Scripture Note GIS", and reply to "Profile View" to obtain practice data)
Draw a line on the map as needed, and ArcGIS generates a profile graph from that line.
The line drawn
Click the Profile View button on the 3D Analyst toolbar to generate a profile view, as shown in the following figure.
Click the Profile View button
Once clicked, a profile graph is generated, as shown in the image below.
Generated profile view
Right-click on the generated profile graph to see the related operations on the profile view, including exporting and modifying properties, as shown in the following figure.
Profile view operations
Select Export, you can export the profile view to common formats such as JPG and PNG, as shown in the following figure.
Export settings
Select Properties to set the title and presentation of the profile view, as shown in the following figure.
Property settings
Extract profiles from points
Although the direct extraction of sections is simple, if you want to specify a line or certain points to generate a profile view, the above method will not be applicable, and you need to obtain the profile view by other methods.
In ArcToolbox, click Data Management Tools\Features\Feature Vertices to Points to invoke the Feature Vertices To Points tool.
Invoke the Feature Vertices To Points tool
In the Feature Vertices To Points dialog box that appears, set Input Features to the line file for which you want to get a profile graph and set the output feature class, as shown in the image below.
Feature Vertices to Point settings
Click OK to get the vertices of the line, as shown in the following figure.
The vertex of the get
Click "Spatial Analyst Tool\Extract Analysis\Value Extract to Point" in ArcToolbox to call the Value Extract to Point tool, as shown in the following figure.
Invoke the Extract Values to Points tool
In the Extract Values to Points dialog box displayed, the input features are converted vertices, the input rasters are the downloaded DEM data, and the output point features are set, as shown in the image below.
Values are extracted to point settings
Click OK to complete the extraction of the values, and you can see the extracted values in the attribute table, as shown in the following figure.
The extracted value
Click the Table Options button in the attribute table and select Create Chart, as shown in the following figure.
Select Create chart
In the displayed Create Chart Wizard dialog box, select the vertical line for the chart type, select the field where the obtained value is located in the Y field, and the X field can be set according to your needs, select None here, you can see that the profile graph has appeared on the right, as shown in the following figure.
Create Chart Wizard settings
Sometimes there are special needs for nodes, such as setting a point at a certain distance, we can use the Construction Point tool on the editing toolbar.
After entering the editing state, select the line that needs to obtain nodes, and select the Construction Point tool on the editing toolbar, as shown in the following figure.
Select the Construction Point tool
In the Construction Point dialog box that appears, set the distance to 1000, as shown in the following figure.
Constructor point settings
Click OK to complete the production of the point, as shown in the following figure.
Generated points
The next step is to get the value of the point first, finally make a chart, and finally make a chart as shown in the figure below.
Charts made
epilogue
The above is a detailed description of how to generate a profile graph using ArcGIS, including functions such as data source, direct extraction of profile and extraction of profile from points.
The data used in this tutorial is the DEM data downloaded in the water economic microchart, you can get the software download address by following the WeChat public account "Water Injection GIS", and then reply to the "micro map" in the background, of course, you can also download directly on the official website of Water Economics Note.
Finally, if you encounter any problems related to GIS in your work, please tell us by paying attention to the public account "Water Injection GIS" and leaving a message in the background, we will provide solutions to more typical and representative problems, so as to implement our purpose of "providing you with rich map data and professional GIS services"!