Hello, welcome to the "Big Waves" column of the hat pocket, let's take a look at the content of this issue~
When talking about the conflict between Israel and Arab countries in the Middle East, it is inevitable to mention one people - the Jewish people. Some say that Jews are smart; Some say that Jews are cunning; Some say Jews are rich; There are also people who know that Marx, Einstein, Freud and other world celebrities were born of the Jewish nation ...
Jews, who will not be very strange to today's Chinese, but they always seem to have some "mystery" ...
There are about 5,000 nationalities in the world, and the Jewish people are really only a smaller people. However, the Jewish people are often the one that people are most interested in. Let's take a look at the early history of the Jews today with a hood.
The history of the Jews is a mysterious history.
To this day, we still don't know where the Jews first came from, and most of the earliest historical documents about this people are also people's imagination and legends. The true history of the Jews became clear only after the advent of the Bible.
Jews first appeared in the Arabian Peninsula, and together with other tribes on the peninsula, they were called "Semites". The early Jews lived entirely nomadic lives, and it was not until around the second millennium BC that this small tribe began to move north, where they lived for a long time in a place called your, which, according to research, is near Basra in present-day southern Iraq. Later, under the leadership of the tribal chief Abraham, they continued their northwest migration along the Euphrates River. They walked west along the edge of the Arabian Desert, which was a good way to avoid the powerful Assyrian army of the time.
Soon this Jewish contingent arrived in Palestine, where the Canaanites lived at the time, and began to settle there, where they multiplied and began a semi-farming, semi-pastoral life. It is said that the patriarch Abraham had a son named Isaac, and Isaac's son was called Jacob, and Jacob had two wives and two concubines, and four daughters had twelve sons, who later led their respective tribes into twelve tribes of Israel. This is also known as the "Age of Patriarchs" in Jewish history.
Then there was a famine in Canaan, and the famine was so severe that for the survival of the tribe, these Jews once again began to migrate west, crossing the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt in North Africa, and began to settle in Goshen on the Nile. Jewish tribes lived in Egypt for centuries, and there was little war in North Africa until about the thirteenth century BC, when the Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II came to power, gradually making Jews his slaves in order to build temples and palaces, forcing them to work for him. At this time, a leader named Moses emerged among the Jews, who was very dissatisfied with the oppression and enslavement of the Egyptians. Under his leadership, the Egyptians began to rebel and crossed the Red Sea, fleeing Egypt and coming to the desert of Sinai.
Moses led the Jews out of slavery by Pharaoh and wandered in the great wilderness of Sinai for nearly forty years, creating Judaism in the Sinai Peninsula in order to unite the tribes. In Judaism, he said that God Yahvi had laid down ten commandments for his people and had them carved into stone tablets, which is known as the "Ten Commandments of Moses" in Jewish history. This was essentially the early Jewish law, so that the Jews were united spiritually.
Later, the first national leader of the Jews, "Moses", died, and the Jews returned to Canaan, which was later Palestine, but the Jews who fled Egypt did not know much about the land, they only knew from their ancestors that it was a fertile land. After coming to the Canaanite region, it took them a long time to reconquer the area and settle down. Then there were a number of tribal leaders called "judges" among the Jewish tribes, who were elected by the tribesmen and were in charge of the military and religion of the tribe, but could not pass on their positions to their descendants, a period known as the "age of judges" for the Jews.
Soon, the system of judges transitioned to a monarchy. In 1025 B.C., the first king of the tribes of Israel appeared, named Saul, from the Benjamin tribe. He led the tribes of Israel in their battle against the Philistines. The second king to succeed Saul was David, who was witty and brave and a brilliant statesman. Under David's leadership, the Israelites built their first army, which grew in size, on the basis of which the Israelites conquered the local Amalekites, the Etumen, and expelled the Philistines from Palestine.
During David's forty years in power, the Jews built a powerful state, establishing their capital in Jerusalem and building huge palaces there. After David's death, his son Solomon succeeded to the throne. The Jewish nation flourished during Solomon's reign, a period known as the "golden age" in Jewish history. In Solomon's later years, the kingdom's wealth was in unprecedented crisis due to his profligacy, and when his son Rehoboam succeeded to the throne after his death, the country was quickly divided into two parts: the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judea.
The Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judea, the two Jewish states, often clashed and fought over arable land and pasture, and the surrounding powers such as Egypt and Assyria also looked down on them, and in the midst of internal and external troubles, the northern Kingdom of Israel only existed for two hundred years, and most of them were exiled to the Assyrian Empire, and finally strangely disappeared in history; The southern kingdom of Judea was also destroyed by the later Neo-Babylonian Empire.
By this time, both states of the Jews had been wiped out, their people were either exiled to distant lands or imprisoned in Babylon, and their history was about to end. It was not until 538 BC that Cyrus the Great of the Persian Empire conquered Babylon and decided to release the captured Jews and return to the Jews the more than five thousand items that the Babylonians had stolen from them. As a result, more than 40,000 Jews returned to Palestine. Others chose to stay in Babylon, and their descendants were later dispersed further east and north, and these people became the Jews of the East.
This is the very early history of the Jews in BC, and we can see that this is a troubled people, in fact, not only early, in the four thousand years of history of this nation, national independence only appeared for a short time, and most of the time, this nation experienced migration, wandering and dispersion. For thousands of years, they have no land of their own, no country of their own, countless times they have become weak people under the fence, repeatedly discriminated against, persecuted, expelled, and even slaughtered by other ethnic groups, and they have been forced to wander everywhere and call the world home. It's just that this nation can always quickly gather new wealth every time it goes to a new place, and is always called the best in the economy of the locality, and at the same time they attach great importance to spiritual pursuits and continue to achieve outstanding achievements in culture. However, what is surprising is that the great nations that once proudly conquered them and expelled them have sunk one by one in the sea of sand of history, and those great nations that once arrogantly discriminated against them and persecuted them have also declined one by one.
Frederick the Great of Germany in the eighteenth century had to admit: "No nation that persecuted the Jews later prospered." ”
In history, the Jewish nation has fallen into desperate situations countless times and is about to die, but this small people who always seem to be in a weak position have always been able to overcome dangers, survive again and again, and have always maintained the cohesion within their own nation, maintained their own culture and traditions, and created remarkable glory in the face of adversity.
After two thousand years of dispersion, especially after the Holocaust in Nazi Germany, they not only did not perish, but established their own state, Israel. Their small country has not only survived in harsh environments, but has also developed its economy, technology and culture. Therefore, many people call the Jewish nation an "immortal nation", and this indomitable vitality, this lush creativity, and this strong fighting force are really admirable.
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