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In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, known as Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty. This is the first dynasty in Chinese history to be founded by the Han people, and it is also a particularly interesting dynasty, such as a special book that records various popular events that happened during the Ming Dynasty.
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Of course, the sixteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty are also very personal, such as Hongwu and Yongle the Great, who have been famous for their literary rule and martial arts through the ages; Emperor Xuande, who loves to play with clams; Emperor Jiajing, who is keen on "imperial art"; Wanli Emperor, who has not been in power for decades...
However, there was an unknown emperor, namely the Chenghua Emperor Ming Xianzong Zhu Jianshen, who had a difficult fate both during and after his reign. One of the most talked about in later generations was that he had rehabilitated his uncle Emperor Zhu Qiyu of the Ming Dynasty.
You know, Zhu Qiyu not only held the throne and refused to return the throne to Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen, but also ordered Zhu Jianshen to be stripped of his position as crown prince. As a result, Zhu Jianshen finally had to launch a "change to seize the gate" and compete for the throne.
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However, unexpectedly, instead of venting his anger at his uncle Zhu Qiyu, Zhu Jianshen restored his imperial throne and posthumously named him "Emperor Gongren Kangdingjing".
Why did Zhu Jianshen rehabilitate his uncle Zhu Qiyu? What kind of grudges and grudges do they have?
Everything starts with Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen!
By chance, he sat on the throne
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Zhu Qizhen and Zhu Qiyu were half-brothers, and his father Zhu Zhanji was the prestigious Xuande Emperor. The two have been together since childhood, and the degree of trust and tacit understanding between them is unmatched, which can be called "intimate".
However, Zhu Qizhen's mother was Empress Xiaogong Sun, and it was also Sun Guifei, who did not hesitate to abolish the original Empress Hu after Zhu Zhanji was very favored. Therefore, Zhu Qizhen became a righteous prince and would inherit the throne in the future.
Empress Sun
The "primogeniture system" is a system handed down during the Zhou Dynasty, which has almost become the foundation of successive dynasties, and naturally no one opposes it. And Zhu Qiyu, as a son-in-law, knows his fate, has never coveted the dragon chair in the palace, and even gradually worries that his brother Zhu Qizhen will be jealous.
In 1427, Zhu Qizhen succeeded to the throne at a young age and called him "Emperor Yingzong of Ming". He did not kill his own brother, but still did not distinguish Zhu Qiyu from each other, named him the "King of Gong", and even entrusted the affairs of the dynasty to Zhu Qiyu when he went out of the palace to parade.
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However, life is full of drama, and a war makes the roles of the two reverse.
In 1449, the Mongol iron horse attacked the Ming Dynasty in a big way, and the "Tumu Fort Change" broke out.
You know, the Ming Dynasty has always been strong and proud, and since the time of Zhu Yuanzhang, it has set the ancestral motto of "no peace, no tribute, no land cut, no reparations", and "the Son of Heaven guards the country, and the king dies", so successive emperors have worked hard to govern and will never commit themselves to the enemy.
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Therefore, at the beginning of the war, the eunuch Wang Zhen proposed to Zhu Qizhen to "drive the imperial conquest".
It has to be said that Wang Zhen has no plans to govern the country, and is a selfish villain, when Empress Dowager Zhang was alive, he was explicitly forbidden not to interfere in political affairs, but as soon as the Empress Dowager died, he became completely active and gained Zhu Qizhen's trust.
And Wang Zhen's persuasion of Zhu Qizhen to "pro-conquest" is nothing more than a plan to succeed in pro-conquest and make a name for himself in history. Zhu Qizhen obeyed him, and despite the opposition of his ministers, personally led an army of 200,000 to destroy Vara.
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However, the development of things was unexpected by everyone, Zhu Qizhen was almost under the protection of his father Zhu Zhanji for the first half of his life, his wings were not full, he had no experience in leading troops to fight, coupled with the fact that the sky was not beautiful, he was captured by Vara when stationed in Tumu Fort, and the 200,000 elite were also consumed.
For a time, the news that the emperor of the Ming Dynasty was captured by the enemy spread throughout the north and south of the river, and the courtiers were as anxious as ants on a hot pot, and discussed overnight how to "save their lives."
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"The Vara army is strong, and it should move the capital immediately and make plans to maneuver."
"No, if I follow in the footsteps of the Southern Song Dynasty, my Daming will be scolded and beaten by thousands of people."
……
For a while, everyone was talking endlessly. Suddenly, Yu Qian, the soldier of the army, stood up and made his position clear: "Daming must not move the capital, once it reaches the south, there is nowhere to defend, and it is bound to be destroyed." For now, the only way to do so is to gather troops and start the battle to defend Beijing. ”
Yu Qian
As soon as these words came out, everyone echoed them, and Yu Qian was promoted to the post of Shangshu of the military department and held the power of the army. However, before he could face the battle, he still had one more thing to do, that is, to support the new emperor.
You know, the country cannot be left without masters for a day, especially the Vara is still eyeing the Ming Dynasty, and if the position of commander in the army does not have the emperor to fight, the army will inevitably be weak and difficult to fight. Under the consultation of Empress Sun and cabinet officials, the candidate for the throne fell to Zhu Qizhen's younger brother Zhu Qizhen.
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At first, Zhu Qi Yubin did not agree, and kept emphasizing: "My brother is a king, I am a minister, and my brother is alive, how can I rush to the throne!" However, the enemy offensive was imminent, and everyone had to rush the ducks to the shelves, and he became emperor, called Emperor Ming Daizong.
Zhu Qiyu first deterred Vara and did not dare to let him commit another offense, and then proposed many useful political opinions and measures to further the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty. However, when people are in a high position, their ambitions will also continue to expand, especially after Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen was "released to return to the mountain".
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In fact, Zhu Qizhen also had a friendship with Wala, and although he was humiliated during his capture, he barely survived. In 1450, he also wanted to "sit on the fisherman's profit" and let him return to Daming.
Zhu Qizhen knew that Zhu Qiyu would not willingly abdicate the throne, and since he had been in Vara for many years, it was impossible for the courtiers of the dynasty to agree to his re-accession to the throne, and gradually dispelled the plan to regain control of Jiangshan, and he had plans to live in peace.
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However, Zhu Qiyu did not adhere to it, first performing several Zen ceremonies in a fake manner, and then imprisoned Zhu Qizhen. In addition, he wanted to abolish Zhu Jianshen as crown prince, and then set up his son Zhu Jianji as crown prince, but Zhu Jianji had a bad fate and soon died.
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Seeing his brother's series of rebellious behaviors, Zhu Qizhen's heart was both humiliated and resentful. So, with the help of the "Minister of Speculation" Shi Heng, he launched a "change to seize the gate" and successfully restored the throne.
After Zhu Qizhen went through ups and downs, he became ruthless and sophisticated after his second succession, directly abolishing Zhu Qiyu's title as Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, degrading him to King Xuan, and executing Yu Qian, who had proposed to establish a new king. Soon after, Zhu Qiyu died of a serious illness in the palace.
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Although people's hearts are not enough to swallow elephants, Zhu Qiyu's ending also has the reason for self-inflicted consequences. However, he was ordered to ascend the throne in danger, and his name was justified, not a stolen and snatched throne, and his significance in surviving with the military and people in the defense of the capital was unmatched.
In other words, Zhu Qizhen lost a country, while Zhu Qizhen saved a country. However, under the coercion of Zhu Qizhen, everyone did not dare to defend him, until Zhu Jianshen succeeded to the throne of Ming Xianzong, and there was a scene of "rectifying the chaos" for Emperor Ming Zhu Qizong.
Deserve its name and win the hearts and minds of the people
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In 1464, during the reign of Emperor Ming Xianzong, the courtiers of the central government knocked on the side, and Peng Shi, who served as the chief assistant of the cabinet, said: "For several years, Jingtai paid homage to the ministers, lenient to the people, and did not lose much reward and punishment. Of course, he remembered that his crown prince was taken away, but the people's will, even the right way, no longer refused.
It can be said that on the one hand, the reason why Ming Xianzong wanted to rehabilitate Zhu Qiyu was that he had to conform to the public opinion of the courtiers, and on the other hand, he also had his own considerations.
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Since ancient times, there have been countless cases of brothers fighting for the throne, fathers and sons fighting against each other, and almost every time the winner will kill the other side.
For example, Qin Shi Huang beat his half-brother to death with a stick; Emperor Wudi of Han killed his own crown prince Liu Zheng; Emperor Taizong of Tang even killed his brother and forced his father; The emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong of Song, was to protect the throne and did not allow Song Qinzong to return to the country...
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The piles and piles are all lessons of blood and tears, and also explain the exclusivity, uniqueness and hereditary characteristics of the imperial throne. And Emperor Zhu Qizhen of the Ming Dynasty was put on the throne for a while, and what Zhu Qizhen and Zhu Jianshen did was just a helpless move on the throne of the king, and he never killed them all, and finally when Zen gave the throne to Zhu Qizhen, there was not much resistance.
Zhuqi Town
Therefore, Zhu Jianshen had no very strong reason and refused to rehabilitate Zhu Qiyu.
It is worth mentioning that in the views put forward by the world, there is another reason, that is, Zhu Qiyu's wife Wang Shi once prevented her husband from making Zhu Jianji the crown prince, which was also a light in Zhu Jianshen's dark childhood. Therefore, Zhu Jianshen did not go to extremes like his father, but relaxed his attitude a lot.
Zhu Jianshen
Whatever the reason, Zhu Jianshen's rehabilitation of Zhu Qiyu has become a fact.
He first used "Fighting difficulties to protect the state, Dian An Sect Society" to praise Ming Daizong's contribution to the Daming Rivers and Mountains, and then used "always eight years, fully protect the two palaces" to say Daizong's protection of their family, and finally restored the title "Ming Daizong" and built a mausoleum.
Zhu Qiyu
It is worth mentioning that Zhu Jianshen explained to his father Zhu Qizhen's abolition of the title: "At the time of death, the traitor is greedy for merit and presumptuous, please cut the emperor's number." Moreover, in order to take care of his father's face, only a five-character epithet was used, and under normal circumstances, there should be seventeen characters.
In addition, in addition to the rehabilitation of Emperor Zhu Qiyu of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Jianshen also rehabilitated Qian and other loyal ministers who considered the country's social welfare. This open-mindedness and courage also won him the praise and hearts of the people.
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It can be said that during the reign of Emperor Zhu Jianshen of the Ming Dynasty, he was wise and decisive, accumulated national strength, and diligent in government and loved the people, which made the Ming Dynasty that went to dusk last for another 160 years. However, in the later period, he was obsessed with the beauty of Wan Guifei, and also established the West Factory and other maladministrations, which were also the causes of the decline of the Ming Dynasty.