#History Talk#The succession of dynasties in successive dynasties is accompanied by killing, accompanied by mountains of corpses and a sea of blood, "one will achieve ten thousand bones" is exactly to say the cruelty of war, but the inhumanity and killing weight of the Manchu Qing Dynasty are the most among the dynasties in the 5,000-year history of China.
At that time, how many people were slaughtered by the Qing army when they entered the customs, history was written by the victors, and the Qing history recorded 8 million people, but we can see through some historical books and historical materials that this data is seriously inconsistent with the facts, and from these historical materials, we can also see the heinous crimes committed by the Qing army.
Distribution of the Manchu massacre
According to the historical records of the Ming Dynasty, during the Wanli years of the Ming Dynasty, the entire Ming Dynasty had about 60 million tax-paying people, and the population data in the early Qing Dynasty showed only about 10 million, (the data are all from the official), but the Ming Dynasty officially recorded the population, only recorded the tax-paying population, and there was no registered non-tax-paying population, it is inferred that the population in the late Ming Dynasty was about 100 million, in addition to the death of war, resulting in a sharp decline in population, where are the remaining people? The reason was the massacre of the Qing army.
Shaving order: All government and citizens throughout the country, limited to 10 days inside and outside the capital, and directly subordinate to the provinces and localities are also limited to 10 days to the day, all shaved
After the Qing army entered the customs, because the Manchu population was small and the Han population was large, in order to rule China, the Manchus issued an inhuman "shaving order" to the Han people, stipulating: "The government and people of the whole country are limited to 10 days inside and outside the capital, and the directly subordinate provinces and localities are limited to 10 days from the day to the day, and all their hair is shaved." At the same time as the shaving order, the "change of dress" was also issued, stipulating that "both officials and citizens should shave their hair and dress in accordance with the system of the dynasty."
And the Han people before the Ming Dynasty paid attention to "the skin of the body, the parents who suffered, did not dare to destroy it, and filial piety began". This was a great insult to the Han people, and the Qing army adopted a more high-pressure policy of "keep your head without hair, keep your hair without leaving your head", many Han people were killed, and the military and civilians everywhere had to rise up to resist the atrocities of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, so a series of inhuman bloody massacres were staged everywhere in China, the most famous being the "Ten Days of Yangzhou", "Three Massacres of Jiading", and "Eighty-one Days of Jiangyin" mentioned in history textbooks!
In April 1645, the Qing army under the leadership of Yu Prince Doduo came to Yangzhou City, because the artillery was not in place, the Qing army surrounded but did not fight, repeatedly sent people to persuade the defender Shi Kefa, were refused, after the artillery was in place, the Qing army bombarded the Yangzhou city wall, at night the Qing army began to attack the city, and finally Yangzhou City fell, after Shi Kefa was captured, Doduo persuaded him to surrender again, Shi Kefa was resolute, vowed not to surrender, and finally killed, Shi Kefa's subordinates still led the rest of the army to fight after the city was broken, and fought with the Qing army in the streets until the last drop of blood was shed , due to the stubborn resistance of the Yangzhou army and people, caused a heavy price of casualties to the Qing army, Doduo in retaliation, issued a massacre order, columned troops to slaughter, ten days without sealing the knife, history is called "Yangzhou ten days", according to the statistics of the monks who collected the corpses at that time, 800,000 people died in this massacre, the number of massacres remains to be considered, but the massacre carried out by the Qing army on the Yangzhou soldiers and civilians is unquestionable.
Record of the Qing army entering the customs and slaughtering the city
In 1645, after the Qing army attacked Jiading, the Qing general Li Chengdong ordered the massacre of the people in the city three times, due to stubborn resistance, after the city was broken, he ordered the slaughter of the city, the massacre lasted for a day, about 30,000 people were killed, after Li Chengdong left, the survivors returned to Jiading, under the leadership of Zhu Ying, rebelled, and executed the traitors and Manchu officials, Li Chengdong led the army to kill back, and was brutally slaughtered twice, more than twenty days later, a general named Wu Zhifan in the Southern Ming led his troops to attack Jiading, and the surrounding people responded and killed the Qing army to flee, Soon Li Chengdong's whole army counterattacked, defeated the Ming army, and slaughtered more than 30,000 people who went to Jiading to avoid chaos, and the number of people slaughtered before and after was as high as 100,000, which is known in history as the "Three Slaughters of Jiading".
Jinan Massacre: In 1639, Prince Rui Dolgon led his army south, and Shandong Governor Song Xuezhu and Lichengzhi County Han Chengxuan led more than 1,000 defenders and people to fight to the death against more than 100,000 Qing troops, and finally the city was broken and more than 170,000 people were slaughtered.
Jiangyin 81st Day: In 1645, the people of Jiangyin, under the leadership of Yan Yingyuan, Chen Mingyu, Feng Houdun and others in Jiangyin, opposed the atrocities of the Qing army, and the Qing army, led by Bellebolo (later named Prince Duanzhong), Nikan the Prince of Jingjin, Kong Youde the Prince of Gongshun, etc., besieged the city with 240,000 Qing troops with more than 200 cannons, and under the stubborn resistance of the people of Jiangyin, held the city for 81 days, killed the three kings and eighteen generals of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and lost more than 75,000 soldiers. After the city was broken, it was bloodily retaliated by the Qing army, and more than 170,000 people were slaughtered, and only 53 people were spared.
Ganzhou Massacre: In October 1646, Jin Shengheng, the governor of Jiangxi of the Qing Dynasty, and Ke Yongsheng, the commander-in-chief, attacked Ganzhou, Wan Yuanji, the governor of Ming Jiangxi, and Yang Tinglin, a scholar of Wuyingdian University, and other 6,000 defenders of the city, and the Qing army slaughtered about 200,000 people.
Nanchang Massacre: In March 1649, the city of Nanchang was broken, the Qing army slaughtered the city, raped women, and soon after the city of Nanchang was recaptured by the rebel army of Jin Shengheng and Wang Deren, who rebelled against the Qing Dynasty and returned to the Ming Dynasty, and then the city was broken by the Qing army, and the city of Nanchang was slaughtered again.
Fenzhou Massacre: From September to November 1649, the regent Dolgon, the Prince of Ying Azige, the Prince of Jingjin Nikan, the Prince of Duanzhong, Boluo, and the Prince of Heshuo Mandahai carried out large-scale slaughters in Fenzhou, Taigu County, Bizhou, Zezhou, Shuozhou and other places in Shanxi, and about 400,000 people were slaughtered.
Datong Massacre: In 1649, the regent Dolgon personally supervised the battle, led his army to besiege Datong City for more than nine months, and attacked Datong City on August 29, all the officials and soldiers of the city were slaughtered, only five prisoners remained, the Datong Prefectural Prefecture sent by the Qing, and the Shangshu Shunzhi Emperor released these five people, which is still preserved in the First Historical Archive.
Guangzhou Massacre: On November 24, 1650, after more than ten months of siege by the Qing army, the city of Guangzhou was broken, and the Qing army carried out a 12-day massacre, and Qing history records that more than 700,000 soldiers and civilians were beheaded.
Teochew Massacre: In September 1653, more than a month after the Qing general Hahamu besieged Chaozhou, the city was destroyed, and about 100,000 people were slaughtered.
Sichuan Massacre: From 1646 (the third year of Shunzhi) to the early Kangxi Dynasty, the Qing army invaded Sichuan, in these thirty years, the Qing army suffered heavy casualties, the Qing army carried out a total of three massacres, the regents Dolgon and Xiaozhuang took the massacre as retaliation, publicly issued a notice "people and thieves mixed, jade is difficult to divide, or slaughter the whole city, or slaughter men and women", more than 5 million people were slaughtered before and after.
Killings in Kinan Province: In 1644, Dolgon, the Prince of Rui, massacred more than 5,000 people in Beizhizhi, Sanhe, Changping, Liangxiang and other places
Tongguan Massacre: In the first month of 1644, the Prince of Yu, Doduo, slaughtered the city in Tongguan, Shaanxi, and more than 7,000 people were brutally killed
Kunshan Massacre: In July 1645, Qing troops broke through the city, killing tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians, including a large number of women and children
Jiaxing Massacre: On June 26, 1645, the people of Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, rebelled against the atrocities of the Qing army, and after the city was destroyed, almost all the residents who could not escape, except for young women who were plundered and some monks who were spared, were slaughtered
Changshu Massacre: In August and September 1645, Qing troops occupied Changshu, burning and looting, and slaughtering countless people
Jinhua Massacre: On July 16, 1646, Bellebolo slaughtered the city after capturing Jinhua, Zhejiang, and about 50,000 people were killed
Jing County Massacre: In August 1646, Yu Yongshou, the commander-in-chief of Qingchi Prefecture, and Zhang Tianlu, the governor, slaughtered cities on a large scale in Jing County and Jixi County in Weizhou, killing about 50,000 people
Tong'an Massacre: In 1647, after the Qing army conquered Xiamen and Tong'an counties in Fujian, it slaughtered more than 50,000 people
Pinghai Massacre: In July 1647, the Qing army slaughtered the city in Pinghai, Fujian, and countless innocent people were slaughtered
Xiangtan Massacre: In the first month of 1649, when the Qing army invaded Xiangtan and Yuanzhou in Hunan Province, Prince Zheng Zierharang ordered the slaughter of the city, almost all the people in the city were killed, and less than 100 survivors
Tong'an Massacre: On August 16, 1648, the Jingnan general Chen Tai, the governor of Zhejiang and Fujian Chen Jin, and the Fujian governor Zhao Guozu carried out a massacre in Tong'an, Fujian, and about 50,000 people were massacred
Nanxiong Massacre: On December 29, 1649, the Qing army invaded the city and massacred the people of Nanxiong County
Xinfeng Massacre: On March 1, 1649, the Qing army conquered Xinfeng County in Guangdong and slaughtered the city
Pucheng Massacre: In early April 1649, Li Guohan conquered Pucheng County in Shaanxi, and about 10,000 people were slaughtered
Cao Prefecture Massacre: On October 4, 1649, Meile Zhangjing was troubled, the general army of Yizhou was raised, and the general army of Linqing Yi Yonggui led the Qing army to conquer Cao Prefecture, Shandong, and hundreds of people were slaughtered
Yongchang Massacre: In March 1659, the southern general Zhao Butai promoted the governor of Shao Guo'an to slaughter the city in Yongchang Prefecture, Yunnan
A gift from Kang Qianshi to Russia
The Manchu massacre caused a sharp reduction in Chinese and caused serious damage to China's social and economic productivity, and China's economy did not basically recover to the level of the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty until the Qianlong period, and the economy regressed by hundreds of years.
Lu Xun once commented that "the Qing army entered the customs and slaughtered the backbone and shame of the Han people in the Ming Dynasty, and the loyal and righteous people who dared to resist in the Ming Dynasty were almost slaughtered, leaving behind basically obedient slaves", the number of people killed in the Qing Dynasty was the largest in China's previous dynastic changes, China's lag behind the West began with the demise of the Han regime in the Ming Dynasty, the establishment of the Manchu regime, and the later so-called Kang Qian prosperous era, which was also full of poverty and backwardness, dilapidated, and the prosperous era was just the Manchu Qing dynasty's lust, self-deception!
Note: I am Wisdom Aries Mu, a little white who likes history, and I hope that more friends who like historical classics will discuss with me.
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