"I heard that people produce 3,000 cancer cells a day?" Do everyone have cancer cells in their bodies? Is this why people talk about cancerous discoloration? Cancer causes psychological fear, but cancer cells are not as scary as they think.
What causes cancer? It is recommended to know early!
The causes of cancer are complex, and the causes of different cancers are different, but the causes of cancer can be roughly divided into the following six categories:
1. Biological factors, the most important is viral infection. Modern research believes that certain viral infections are closely related to cancer, such as Epstein-Barr virus infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer, etc.
2. Physical factors. For example, ionizing radiation can cause many tumors.
3. Chemical factors, that is, chemical substances and chemical poisons can cause certain malignant tumors, such as xylene and formaldehyde can cause lung cancer, leukemia, etc.
4. Environmental factors. For example, air pollution and dust pollution in the workplace can induce many cancers.
5. Psychological factors. Patients with long-term unhappy mood and depressed emotions are prone to malignant tumors such as breast cancer and lung cancer.
6. Genetic factors. Patients with a family history of tumors are more susceptible to certain tumors and have a significantly higher risk of developing tumors than patients without a family history.
Everyone has cancer cells, why does no one get cancer?
Everyone has "cancer cells" in their body, both living and dead. According to an article in Family Science, pathologists went through a large number of autopsies and pathological examinations and found that although the causes of death were different, cancer cells could be detected in almost everyone's body.
However, the number of these cancer cells is small, they have not yet formed cancer, and people do not have any discomfort. Medical scientists call these cancer cells "microcancers."
Ma Fei, deputy director of the Department of Internal Medicine of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, explained: There are hundreds of millions of cells in our body, and they are all involved in the body's metabolism. Due to the relatively large number of cells, errors will inevitably occur in the process of reproduction, and the cells that make mistakes are likely to develop into cancer cells.
The development of cancer itself is related to many factors, such as the dietary environment, radiation and other external factors, at least one cancer cell appears in the life of a living person.
Why does no one get cancer? Since everyone has cancer cells in their body, is it inevitable that they will get cancer? In fact, such a statement is also uncertain, because everyone has an immune system in the body, which can produce a powerful anti-cancer effect immediately.
Under normal circumstances, a small number of cancer cells, that is, cells that go wrong, will be repaired, corrected or destroyed by the immune system, so the chance of these cancer cells evolving into cancer is relatively low.
If the number of cancer cells is too large, and the immune function to the 6th power greater than 10 cannot be cleaned up in time, then many cancer cells will appear "escape" cancer cells and gradually develop into cancer.
As cancer cells grow and multiply, they compete with normal cells for nutrients, and then disguise themselves as normal cells to avoid the attack of the immune system.
Early signs of cancer, it is recommended to understand!
1. In any part of the body, feel the induration or non-subsipating lump
If you feel "hard pimples" on the skin, lips and tongue, breasts or other parts, the position is fixed, the texture is hard, and the edges are not clear to the touch, you should be very careful of malignant tumors.
2. The color of warts or moles is deepened, enlarged, itchy, hair loss, ulceration or bleeding
This is an early manifestation of melanoma. Black moles that grow in places that are easy to rub (face, palms, soles of feet) are more susceptible to repeated friction and trauma, and are prone to melanoma.
3. Long-term persistent indigestion
From the mouth and esophagus to the rectum and anus, it is like a long tunnel, and any problem (such as acute and chronic inflammation, ulcers, bleeding, polyps, stones, adenomas and tumors) will cause symptoms of dyspepsia.
4. Choking sensation when swallowing coarse and hard food, or chest discomfort and burning pain
It is mainly a common early symptom of esophageal cancer, and as the disease progresses, this feeling will become more and more severe, and hoarseness, cough, difficulty breathing, etc. will occur in the advanced stage.
5. Tinnitus, heavy hearing, nasal congestion, headache, pharyngeal discharge with blood, neck lump
When these symptoms occur, be careful with nasopharyngeal cancer, because nasopharyngeal cancer often affects the nerves of the head and face, bringing these strange symptoms. Especially if there are family members who have suffered from nasopharyngeal cancer in the family, pay special attention to these symptoms.
6. Hoarseness, dry cough, blood in sputum
This is a common symptom of lung cancer, especially in people over 40 years old who are used to smoking for a long time, and the risk of lung cancer increases exponentially! In the hospital, many lung cancer patients are found precisely because of dry cough and blood in sputum.
7. Blood in the urine
Unexplained blood in the stool may be colorectal cancer, and hematuria may be a urinary tumor. "Unexplained bleeding" means that there is no clear trauma or other disease, which should be vigilant for malignant tumors.
8. Abnormal menstruation
"Abnormal menstruation", mainly heavy bleeding, or irregular vaginal bleeding outside menstruation and after menopause. If these symptoms occur, be very careful with cervical cancer!
9. Ulcers do not heal for a long time
Refers to long-lasting ulcers in the mouth and stomach. Stomach ulcer pain 1~2 hours after meals, and then gradually reduced, very regular; Ulcers and erosions in the mouth that are fixed in the mouth do not heal for a long time, and even develop to bleeding, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, etc.
10. Unexplained weight loss or low-grade fever
Rapid weight loss, one should pay attention to "hyperthyroidism" and "diabetes", and the other is to pay attention to tumors. Because tumor cells are metabolically active, they will frantically consume fat and protein in the body.
Tumor patients generally have "tumor fever", which is mainly manifested as regular afternoon and evening fever, which is relieved in the early morning of the next day, especially "lymphoma" is the most prominent.
Oncologists summarize 5 sets of anti-cancer codes
【1】Diet keeping in mind "5, 7, 9"
Children under 12 years of age should eat 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily
Women over the age of 12 eat 7 servings of fruits and vegetables a day
Men over the age of 12 eat 9 servings of fruits and vegetables a day
People of different ages and genders are recommended to eat different portions of fruits and vegetables, each serving is about eight points full.
[2] Exercise to achieve "1, 3, 5, 7"
1: It is recommended to exercise once a day
3: Exercise continuously for more than 30 minutes each time
5: If you can't exercise every day, it is recommended to exercise 5 times a week
7:170 minus age equals exercise heart rate
Exercise for 30 minutes or more a day to effectively reduce the risk of cancer.
【3】Remember "49, 21" in life
49：
At the age of 40, the life expectancy of smoking cessation is increased by 9 years
At age 50, the life expectancy to quit smoking is increased by 6 years
At age 60, the life expectancy of smoking cessation is increased by 3 years
21：
It is best for men to drink no more than 20 grams per day
Women should drink no more than 15% of low-alcohol alcohol preferably no more than 10 grams
Clinical data show that tobacco and alcohol are closely related to cancer, and reducing the amount of tobacco and alcohol inhaled will greatly reduce the chance of cancer.
【4】Weight keeping an eye on "85, 80"
85: The waist circumference of men should not exceed 85 cm
80: Women's waist circumference should not exceed 80 cm
British studies have found that body mass index (BMI) is significantly associated with 17 cancers such as thyroid cancer, gallbladder cancer, and uterine cancer, and weight loss not only contributes to appearance, but also a means to become healthy.
【5】Don't forget "15, 40" for physical examination
15: People with a family history of tumors are recommended to go to a specialist hospital for cancer prevention physical examination 15-20 years earlier than the age of the relatives, and prevention is always better than treatment.
40: People over 40 years old need regular cancer screening
People over 45 years old, basically accounting for 30% of the affected population, are recommended for annual cancer screening, and colonoscopy or CT examination is best done after the age of 50.
What are the tests for early cancer screening?
"What are the items for early cancer screening" includes hematological tests (different types of tumor markers), imaging tests (X-ray, CT, ultrasound, etc.), endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy) and pathological examination (exfoliative cytology, biopsy histopathological examination), etc., the specific items done are related to the type of cancer to be screened, and cannot be generalized, such as lung cancer often draws blood to detect CA125, CA199, CEA, NSE and other tumor markers, and then combined with chest low-dose CT for screening;
Gastrointestinal tumors are often screened for tumor markers CEA, CA199 and colonoscopy; Breast cancer is often detected with tumor markers CA153 and CA125, combined with mammogram and breast ultrasound for screening;
Cervical cancer is often tested for HPV, cervical exfoliation cytology, and biopsy pathological examination may be performed for suspicious sites. Most hospitals will do early cancer screening physical examination packages directly to patients, patients with cancer early screening needs can go to the hospital to choose the relevant package for testing.