First, understand bacteriophages
What exactly is a bacteriophage? Why is it called the natural enemy of bacteria in nature?
Bacteriophage (phage) is a general term for viruses infected with bacteria, fungi, algae, actinomycetes or spirochetes and other microorganisms, because some of them can cause the lysis of host bacteria, so it is called bacteriophage. As a type of virus, bacteriophages have some of the characteristics of viruses: individuals are tiny; Does not have a complete cellular structure; Contains only a single nucleic acid. It can be thought of as an organism that "preys" on bacteria, and once it leaves the host bacteria, the bacteriophage can neither grow nor replicate.
Second, the bacteriophage exploded
Why can bacteriophages be popular all over the country? What are its natural advantages?
1. The impact of national policies
In 2020, with the overuse of antibiotics and the frequent occurrence of drug resistance, thirteen ministries and commissions of the country jointly issued a "ban on resistance", especially the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, especially proposed an action plan to curb animal drug resistance, strictly prohibiting the addition of antibiotics to feed. Therefore, after reducing the anti-ban in these years, products that can replace antibiotics (such as bacteriophages), its value is tapped, and the heat rises.
2. The harm of antibiotics
It is undeniable that antibiotics are successful in preventing diseases in the initial breeding process, but with the increase of disease sources and the development of drug resistance by bacteria, it is found that antibiotics are used more and more, but they have no effect, and even have an impact on the growth and development of farmed animals (such as shrimp), which will obviously damage its liver, pancreas, intestines and other organs, and then lead to a longer cycle and a decline in economic benefits in the entire breeding process of shrimp.
3. Bacteriophage characteristics
Unlike traditional antibiotics for bacterial infections, bacteriophages are specific and can kill 99.9% of specific bacteria within 30 minutes; No resistance; Non-toxic, harmless, will not cause damage to animal body cells and other advantages, so it will produce higher economic benefits, and is more suitable for a wide range of breeding.
Third, phage application
Is phage therapy effective in preventing vibriosis in shrimp? What are the advantages of Shanghai Nori Fox Hunting Agent Phage?
Phage therapy, one of the techniques for controlling and eliminating Vibrio in aquaculture, can avoid causing aquatic animal diseases.
(1) In the circulating aquaculture system (RAS), bacteriphage concentration was the highest in the biofilm on the plastic surface, which indicated that the application potential of bacteriophages in RAS was huge.
(2) In a shrimp farm on the west coast of India, bacteriophages were tested on shrimp fry infected by Vibrio: shrimp fry were treated twice with 100ppm phage in order to reduce Vibrio Harveys. After bacteriophage treatment, the survival rate of shrimp fry reached 80%.
(3) Comparison of bacteriophage and antibiotic antiviration of Shanghai Nori arc hunting agent
Application location: Huazhong Agricultural University
Application plan: Divide healthy shrimp into 4 groups, do the following processing, record the number of shrimp deaths every day, and calculate the mortality rate.
Test Results:
Conclusions: The mortality rate of shrimp treated with arc hunting agents was much lower than that in the antibiotic treatment and no treatment group.