Big cherry winter scissors do not forget to get rid of diseases

Safe, effective and timely control of pests and diseases is an important guarantee for the high yield and quality of large cherry fruit trees. Winter is the dormancy period of fruit trees, but also the fruit tree disease and pest control can not be ignored period, do a good job in this period of disease and pest control, to reduce the orchard throughout the year can play a multiplier effect, the specific measures are as follows

Sweeping leaves: Deciduous leaves are one of the main overwintering sites of many diseases and insects, and the vast majority of pests and pathogens in the orchard are dormant in the orchard, dead branches, fallen leaves and trees, weeds, so after the cherry leaves are over, thoroughly clean the fallen leaves, burn them centrally or bury them deeply to remove hidden dangers.

Winter scraping bark: the main trunk of the fruit tree, the main trunk and the old warped skin, crack wound is the wintering place of pests, often lurking a variety of pests and viruses, scraping the warped skin, coarse skin can remove most of the above pests, to reduce the source of infection in the coming year has a good effect.

Winter pruning: Winter pruning is an effective way to eliminate overwintering pests during the dormant period. Reasonable pruning can adjust the load of the tree, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the orchard, promote the robust growth of fruit trees, and improve their ability to resist diseases and insects.

At the same time, combined with pruning, the diseases and insects that overwinter on the branches, such as leaf curl moths, peach aphids, tumor aphids, red spiders, etc., are pruned, and the pruned branches of diseases and insects are burned in a concentrated manner to eliminate the overwintering diseases and insects on them.

Orchard winter irrigation: After entering the end of November, orchards with irrigation conditions should be flooded in time, and the orchard should be watered thoroughly, called watering frozen water, which can eliminate some of the wintering pests in the soil and meet the water demand of fruit trees during wintering. Practice has proved that watered frozen water can suffocate insect eggs, pupae and larvae in the soil. However, before sealing the winter, we must clean up the dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, etc. on the surface of the soil together so that the pathogenic bacteria on it will not be repeatedly infected.

Main pest control in winter: (1) Cherry gum disease. Mainly harmful to the main trunk and main branches of the cherry, generally from the spring sap flow began to occur, the initial branches of the branches or wounds swollen, out of the yellow-white translucent sticky matter, the cortex and xylem brown decay, resulting in tree weakness, severe branch withering and death. The first cause of the disease is that the wound caused by branch disease, insect pest, frost damage and mechanical injury causes glue, and the second is due to excessive pruning, improper fertilization, excessive water, poor soil physical and chemical characteristics, etc., resulting in abnormal physiological metabolism of the tree body and causing glue flow.

Prevention and control measures: 1. Choose a sandy loam soil with good air permeability and fertile soil to plant large cherries, increase the water-soluble fertilizer of carbon energy organisms such as the pride of the sea, strengthen the tree momentum, and prevent drought, flooding and frost damage; 2. Do a good job in pest control and avoid causing too many wounds; 3. Winter shearing is best carried out before the flow of tree sap, minimize the larger shear sawlet in summer, and apply the shear sawlet after pruning in time with "Olik- Rout Spirit" to heal the wound and prevent the infection of germs 4. Found the glue disease, combined with winter pruning to scrape in time, first scrape the flow glue, and then use the "Olyke - Rotten Spirit" original solution plus + soil mixing to mix multiple applications, the general application time: the first day, the third day, the seventh day. Severely diseased branches should be removed as appropriate.

(2) Mulberry white worm. Mulberry white borer is an important pest on cherries, also known as mulberry shield borer or tree lice, which causes the tree to weaken until it dies when the damage is severe. If it occurs without taking effective measures to prevent it, it will cause the entire park to be destroyed within 3 to 5 years.

Prevention and control measures: 1. Artificial control during the winter dormancy period: maintain good light and ventilation, manually scrape the bark, and eliminate overwintering female adults. 2. Dormant period of pharmaceutical prevention and control: spray 800 to 1000 times of nongdile before germination. 3. Chemical control during the growth period: spray Qianxiang 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid, which can not only kill insects, but also ensure the safety of flowers and fruits.

(3) Leaf mites. Leaf mites mainly have two-spotted leaf mites (white spiders) and hawthorn leaf mites (red spiders), all of which suck the sap of young shoots and leaves with mites and mites, and the leaves are affected at the beginning of many small spots of green loss, gradually expanding and continuous, and when the whole leaves are pale and scorched and fall early, often causing secondary germination and flowering, weakening the tree potential, affecting the formation of flower buds and the next year's yield.

Prevention and control measures: before germination, matrine 1500 to 2000 times liquid, or black mamba (mineral oil) 1500 times liquid control; during the growth period, 5000 times liquid can be sprayed for prevention and control.

Source New technology for fruit tree planting