Birds valley elves (1)
Today Xiaobian introduces these elves in the Hundred Birds Valley.
Grey-crowned warbler
Overview: Grey-crowned Warbler (scientific name: Phylloscopus tephrocephalus) is a bird of the genus Willow Warbler in the family Finches. Common names: Daji Huang, Grey-capped Warbler, Bamboo Leaf Green. It is small (13 cm) yellowish in color, with a broad greenish-gray crown stripe, mostly hidden in the understory. Some subspecies have a yellow wing stripe. It was promoted from a subspecies of the golden-eyed warbler to a separate bird species.
Description: Small (13 cm) yellow warbler. It has a broad greenish-gray crown stripe with black eyebrow stripes on both sides of the border, a yellow underparts, and a white inner of the outer tail feathers. Some subspecies have a yellow wing stripe.
Iris - brown; mouth - black on the upper mouth, light color in the lower mouth; feet - yellowish.
Geographical Release: Breeding Area: Eastern Boundary: Northeast India to Northern Vietnam, Central China.
Non-breeding area: Northern Southeast Asia.
Life habits: sexually active, often alone or in pairs. Frequently flying between the branches, mostly flying in the air to prey. It feeds mainly on the larvae of insects and insects such as caterpillars, grasshoppers and other Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, orthoptera, etc., and also eats other invertebrate foods such as locusts, beetles, and spiders.
Tweet: Loud chip chiwoo sound.
Growth and reproduction: the breeding period is from May to June. Nests are usually found in evergreen forests at altitudes of 1000-2500 m and sometimes in coniferous forests. Nests are mostly placed on the understory of the forest, and occasionally on rocks and trees on the slopes of the mountain. The nest is spherical in shape and consists mainly of green mosses. Each clutch lays 4 eggs, white, 15-18 mm in size × 11.2-13.0 mm. Male and female broods take turns incubating their eggs.
Red-billed acacia bird
Overview: Red-billed Leiothrix (scientific name: Leiothrix lutea) is a bird of the genus Acacia in the family Passeriformes. Also known as acacia bird, red-billed jade, multicolored acacia bird, red-billed bird, etc., because of the red beak and named. It is a migratory bird that migrates at altitude. The red-billed acacia bird is lively and active, living in the mountains from the plains to 2000 meters above sea level, and often inhabits shrublands or bamboo forests in evergreen broad-leaved forests and mixed evergreen and deciduous forests, with little forest edge activity. Noisy flocks inhabit the understory vegetation of secondary forests. The cheerfulness, color and intimate habits of each other make them often caged pets. Rest often close together to lick each other's feathers.
Description: The male of the red-billed acacia bird has a yellowish green forehead, crown, pillow and upper back, slightly pale forehead and front of the head, dark gray olive green coverts on the lower back, waist and tail coverts, and pale yellow end spots on the longest tail covert. The tail is forked and glowing black, the outer tail feathers are slightly curved outwards, the central tail feathers are dark gray olive green with metallic blue-black end spots, the outer and end spots of the outer tail feathers are metallic blue-green, and the base of the inner tail feathers is dark gray olive green. The upper wing coverts are also mostly dark olive green, and the flight feathers are dark brown, deepening inwards, and are brilliant black. The outer margin of the primary flight feather is yellow, gradually turning golden yellow inwards, and from the third primary flight feather, the base of the primary flight feather is vermilion red, forming a prominent scarlet wing spot; the secondary flight feather is black and the base is orange-yellow. The eye front, eye area pale yellow, ear feathers light gray or olive gray, chin and throat glow yellow, upper thorax orange-red, forming a prominent chest band, lower chest, abdomen and subtail coverts yellowish white or milky yellow, the middle of the abdomen is whiter, the two sides of olive green gray or light yellowish gray; the underwing coverts are gray, and the axillary feathers are yellow-green and gray.
Chirping: Often standing on the top branches of the bush and singing loudly, and constantly shaking its wings, its sound is like 'cry-cry-cry-cry-' or 'gu'er-gu'er-gu'er-'. Male birds sing often flap their wings, towering vertical body feathers, the sound is crisp and loud, changeable and pleasant, the sound is like "micro return - micro return - micro return - micro return " , "bone - sentence, bone - sentence"... The female can only make a low, single "squeak" sound.
Geographical distribution: Eastern Boundary: Himalayas to eastern China and northeastern Vietnam.
Growth and reproduction: The red-billed acacia bird begins breeding in late April and continues into June. Nests are found in thorny or dwarf trees of various types of forests, such as coniferous forests, evergreen forests, and miscellaneous forests. The nest is a deep cup-shaped, composed of leaf stalks, bamboo leaves, grass or other soft substances mixed with a little moss, and covered with fine roots or slender grass. The nest often hangs on the vertical or horizontal branches of shrubs or dwarf bamboo 0.5-l meters above the ground. Each nest lays 3-5 eggs, which are greenish white to light blue, scattered with dark spots.
brambling
Overview: Brambling (scientific name: Fringilla montifringilla) is a bird of the genus Finches in the family Finches. Also known as tiger skin swallow finch, tiger skin finch, flower chicken, flower finch. It is a medium-sized (16 cm) and well-striped, stout bird. The chest is brown and the waist is white. In addition to the pair activities during breeding, other seasons are more flocks, especially during migration, often in large groups, sometimes even hundreds or thousands of flocks, and spend the night in trees. Birds peck at crops, which are harmful to agriculture. It is distributed in northern Europe, Asia, from Norway to Kamchatka, southern Europe, China and other places, mostly inhabiting plains, hills to mountains and inhabiting various forests such as willow forest, elm forest, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest. The type origin of this species is in Sweden.
Description: Small bird with a body length of 13.5-16 cm. The mouth is thick and pointed, conical in shape. A stout bird with stripes. The chest is brown and the waist is white. Adult males have black heads and necks, and a nearly black back. The abdomen is white , with a black winged and forked tail , with prominent white " shoulder " spots and brown wing spots , and white spots at the base of the primary flight feathers. Non-breeding males: similar to breeding females, but the head pattern is distinctly brown, gray, and nearly black.
Iris - brown; mouth - yellow, black tip of the mouth; feet - pinkish brown.
Geographical distribution: Eurasia: widely distributed, as well as northern Africa
Life habits: In addition to pairs of activities during breeding, other seasons are more flocks, especially during migration, often in large groups, sometimes even groups of hundreds, thousands, and spend the night in trees. Birds of prey are mainly winter migratory birds and traveling birds in China.
During breeding, it inhabits a variety of forests, such as broad-leaved forests, mixed coniferous broad-leaved forests and coniferous forests, especially in forests where birch trees predominate. During migration and winter, it mainly inhabits sparse forests, secondary forests, farmland, wilderness, orchards and small forests near villages. Food is mainly based on grasses, fruits, seeds and other plant foods as food, especially weed seeds are the most likely to eat, but also eat tree seeds, fruits, plant leaves, millet, rice, sorghum, corn, sunflowers and other crop seeds, during the breeding period is mainly insects for food.
Call: A pleasant chirp consists of a few flute syllables followed by a long zweee sound or a descending beep. The call is repetitive loud and monotonous coarse gasp zweee. It also emits shouts and squeaks. The flight call is chuee.
White-tailed blue-tailed Plover
Overview: The White-tailed Robin (scientific name: Myiomela leucura) is a bird of the genus Bluebird in the family Passeriformes. It is also called the white-tailed ground plover, the white-tailed blue-plover, the white-tailed tern plover, the white-tailed blue-european plover, and the white-tailed spotted partridge. The base of the tail has a white glow. It ranges from India , Southeast Asia and southern China. The white-tailed blue-tailed plover is only distributed in the southwest region of China, and the population is not very rich. The features are more pronounced, especially through the white spots on the tail, which are not difficult to identify in the wild.
Description: Male: Large (18 cm) to dark blue ground plover. The whole body is nearly black, only the base of the tail has a white sparkle, the forehead cobalt blue, the throat and chest are dark blue, and the white spots on the side of the neck and chest are often hidden. Female: Brown with a white transverse band at the base of the throat and a white glowing tail with a male. Sub-adult birds: resembling females but with many brown longitudinal stripes. Iris - brown; mouth - black; feet - black. Call: A faint sweet whistle with a chirp of 7 to 8 sounds. Calls include faint whistles and low-pitched tuks.
Geographical Release: Eastern Boundary: Himalayas to Thailand and Taiwan
Living habits: It mainly inhabits evergreen broad-leaved forests and mixed forests below 3000m above sea level, especially in the dark, damp mountain creek valley forest areas. Geolistic, mainly inhabiting understory shrubland and aboveground. It feeds mainly on insects and insect larvae, but also eats small amounts of plant fruits and seeds in autumn and winter. Often alone or in pairs, sexually hidden, often jumping around on the low branches of understory shrubs, sometimes standing on small trees or electric poles in open areas, and constantly swinging their tails, when they find insect activity on the ground or in the air, they immediately fly to hunt. The tail is often open during flight. The song is crisp and loud during breeding.
Growth and reproduction: The white-tailed blue-tailed plover begins to call during the breeding period in mid-April, and the males often chirp for a long time in the morning and evening, and the song is sweet and pleasant. Nesting usually begins in early May and lasts until July, with a small number of individuals breeding at the latest in August. Nests usually lie on low branches of understory shrubs or under rocks and fallen woods, but also in crevices or holes in rock edges. The nest is cup-shaped and consists mainly of dry grass stems, grass roots, grass blades, mosses and thin vines. The inner pad has hairs and feathers. The size of the nest according to Wu Zhikang (1988) measured by the nest is: the outer diameter is 15.7 cm, the inner diameter is 6 .8cm, the height is 8 .6cm, and the depth is 7.4 cm. 3-4 eggs are laid per clutch, occasionally 5. The eggs are oblong, white, densely covered with reddish spots, the size of the eggs is 20.1-25.4 mm× 16-18.9 mm, the average is 23.7× 18.0 mm, and the weight is 3.5-4.0 g.
Quail-breasted wren
Overview: Scaly-breasted Cupwing (scientific name: Pnoepyga albiventer) is a bird of the genus Scaly-breasted Wren in the family Scaly-breasted Wren in the family Passeriformes.
Description: Small (10 cm) and tailless wren-like wren. There are two color types. Light-colored type: the upper body is olive brown with slightly scaly spots, and each tip has skin yellow spots; the lower body is white, the center of the pectoral feathers is dark, the feather margin is deeper to form a scaly stripe, and the two flanks are olive brown. Brown type: the upper body is olive brown, the tip of the feather has a yellow spot of skin; the lower body is the same light color type, but the skin yellow replaces white. Males and females are the same color. It is distinguished from the small-scaled [breasted] wren in its larger size, with yellow bark on the top of the head and neck. Iris - brown; mouth - color; feet - pink brown.
Calls: monotonous or bitonic sik or seek... sik。 The song is a short vibrato, resembling the beginning of the chirping of a blue-winged plover. When the alarm is a sharp whistle and scolding tsik, tsik.
Geographical distribution: Eastern boundary: Himalayas to Myanmar.
Life Habits: Sexual concealment. The wings vibrate slightly as you move quietly. It inhabits mountain forests at an altitude of 1500 to 3660 meters, descending to 1100 meters in winter, often along the banks of mossy and fern streams.
Growth and reproduction: Nesting in tree holes, shore holes, weeds, shrubs and other environments. The nest is made of twigs, blades of grass, moss, feathers and other things intertwined, in the shape of a deep bowl. Lay 2-3 eggs, white with spots. The incubation period is 16 or 17 days, with males and females feeding the chicks together, and the breeding period is July in the Canal Zone, mid-February in Costa Rica and late November in Panama.
Source: Nu River Bird Valley
Editor: Bee Snow Young Leaf
Supervisor: Li Yuhua
Final Judge: Li Hesan