▲ 17 years later, the epidemic has reappeared, people are willing to believe zhong Nanshan photo / this magazine reporter big food, from the glory magic 3 to the best version of the shooting
Zhong Nanshan, 85 years old, is past retirement age, but has never stopped. He hadn't rested in years. "I have Saturdays and Sundays, but I'm going to work." He said. No matter how many positions he holds and how many honors he receives, Zhong Nanshan will always repeat a sentence: "I am just a doctor who sees a doctor." ”
Wen / Southern People Weekly reporter Zhang Mingmeng from Guangzhou
Edited / Huang Jian [email protected]
When he officially became a doctor, Zhong Nanshan was 36 years old. The path of practicing medicine came much later than he expected.
In 1936, Zhong Nanshan was born into a family of doctors, his father Zhong Shifan was an attending physician in the Department of Pediatrics of Nanjing Central Hospital, and after the founding of New China, he became a first-class professor of Sun Yat-sen Medical University and a famous pediatric expert in China. Her mother graduated from Peking Union Medical College majoring in Advanced Nursing, was the vice president of the Cancer Hospital of Sun Yat-sen Medical University, and was one of the founders of Guangdong Cancer Hospital.
During his childhood, Zhong Nanshan often heard and witnessed the attitudes and practices of his father and other doctors towards patients in the hospital. At night, parents often bring their children to his home to see a doctor, and after the child recovers, the parents are very happy, and the father is also very happy. "At that time, I had a feeling: when a doctor can solve problems for others, he will be respected by society and have a strong sense of satisfaction, which is one of the reasons for loving medicine at that time."
His father bought mice at his own expense to do experiments in the study, and the third floor of the house was full of rats, and Zhong Nanshan's medical enlightenment began. He went to feed the guinea pigs every day. Someone came to his father and asked the neighbor for his address, and the neighbor said, "Where you smell rats, it's their house." ”
In 1955, Zhong Nanshan was admitted to the medical department of Beijing Medical College (now Peking University Medical College). His athletic achievements are more prominent than those of medicine. In his junior year, Zhong Nanshan participated in the Beijing University Games as a sports student representative and won the first place in the 400-meter run. During the 14th National Games, the news that "Zhong Nanshan broke the national record in the 400-meter hurdles at that time in the test match of the first National Games in August 1958" was excitedly forwarded by netizens and quickly appeared on the hot search. After the competition that year, he refused the invitation of the Beijing Sports Commission and stayed in the school to teach radiation medicine. The path of practicing medicine has always been unavoidable.
"When I was in college, I was a teacher, I worked in a new major, and then I worked in radiobiochemistry. Always obey the distribution, always be a pacesetter, advanced. So, from 1960 to 1971, I didn't work as a doctor for 11 years. Being a doctor is my desire, but not something I can choose. Zhong Nanshan recalled.
In 1971, Zhong Nanshan, with the help of his wife Li Shaofen, left Beijing to come to the Fourth People's Hospital of Guangzhou (now the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University) and became a doctor. "The hospital I picked was because of my lover's identity, which she also picked, because it was closest to our home, and there was no need to go to the countryside all day." Zhong Nanshan said.
Soon after arriving at the hospital, he encountered the first setback of his medical career: misdiagnosing a patient who coughed up black and red blood for tuberculosis, and the next day he found that it was the gastrointestinal tract vomiting blood, and the patient almost lost his life. The hospital wanted to arrange Zhong Nanshan to the ward on the grounds that "the emergency room work was too tired" and adjust with another colleague, but the ward refused. Stimulated, he began to make an effort that he had never done before, following Dr. Yu Zhen to learn how to deal with patients, why to deal with them, and what tests to do. Go home in the evening and continue your homework. Yu Zhen recalled: However, in two or three months, the original thick and black athlete physique has been reduced by more than one yard; a young man with a round head full of cheeks, glowing eyes, and a smile that is often open has become high cheeks and deep eyes, with a serious face, and is thinking about problems when walking; the white coat that was originally tight on the body actually appears to be flowing and loose.
In half a year, Zhong Nanshan lost 4 kilograms, wrote 4 medical notebooks, each case has a detailed record, and mastered the main diseases commonly seen in emergency rooms such as gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcer perforation, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, heart failure and respiratory failure. Eight months later, other doctors commented that he was "worthy of an attending doctor."
After that, Zhong Nanshan practiced and researched at the same time, and from 1979 to 1981, he went to the University of Edinburgh School of Medicine and the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the University of London in the United Kingdom for further study. In 1996, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and became a representative figure of Chinese respiratory medicine.
As a doctor, Zhong Nanshan believes that patients should be paid the most attention. Until the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, every Thursday afternoon was Zhong Nanshan's routine consultation time, if there were no special circumstances, he would appear at 2:30 on time at Room 1 on the third floor of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University to consult patients from all over the country.
They make appointments through the expert hotline, and after submitting the cases, they are screened by Zhong Nanshan's assistants, and urgent illnesses may be prioritized. Only a dozen people can sit in front of Zhong Nanshan every week, and they have at least half an hour one-on-one with Zhong Nanshan. Patients now wait an average of three to six months. Previously, the people who asked him to see a doctor were once lined up two years later.
He also valued wednesday morning rounds, followed by his students, nurses, head nurses, attending physicians, and chief physicians. The number of patients seen during the rounds is limited, and some patients will cry and pull him aside.
Sometimes, he did not smile, his face was grim, he looked very majestic, and the corners of his mouth were slightly upward. The small clinic was stuffed with four or five students, and two ran in and out, and when they saw him, they immediately bent down and handed him what he needed with both hands.
But when the patient walks into the clinic, he can switch a clean and warm smile in a second, show his white and neat teeth, and say softly, Where are you uncomfortable?
"I am a clinical medical scientist," Zhong Nanshan said. For difficult diseases discovered in outpatient clinics, he would take them as a challenge for academic research and return to the laboratory to tackle them. In his mind, intractable diseases are a subject. "Practical medicine is to practice and scientific research at the same time, not only to engage in research, but most importantly to solve the problems of patients."
After the outbreak of the SARS epidemic, Professor Zheng Bojian studied the SARS virus with Zhong Nanshan. He recalled that it was dangerous for severely ill patients to have their tracheotomy cut open. But the mortality rate of the seriously ill numbers in Zhong Nanshan was controlled. His measures proved effective, a two-pronged approach, with an 87% success rate for critically ill patients. By mid-April 2003, 87 of the 101 seriously ill patients admitted to the Institute had recovered and been discharged from the hospital, with a rescue success rate of 87%. In guangdong as of May 31, a total of 1511 CASES cases were reported, 1441 cases were cured and discharged, 57 cases died, and the mortality rate was 3.7%, setting a record for the lowest SARS mortality rate in the world.
Zhong Nanshan examined every patient carrying the "SARS" virus, let the patients not cough, observed their mouths, and found that these patients had no symptoms in the throat, and clinically found that the extensive use of antibiotics to deal with chlamydia had no effect on "SARS" patients. This is inconsistent with the pathogen announced by Experts in Beijing at the time as Chlamydia. The decision-making level of Guangdong Province adopted his opinions and adhered to and strengthened the original prevention and control measures.
The SARS epidemic in 2003 was the most legendary of the many turns in the life of Zhong Nanshan, who had been a doctor for 31 years and was 67 years old. In Guangdong, where the epidemic first broke out, as a representative figure of respiratory medicine in Guangdong Province and even the whole country, Zhong Nanshan, who was originally only famous in the industry, was pushed to the front of the stage.
In this serious crisis, Zhong Nanshan advocated timely public disclosure, provided accurate information, and came up with evidence-based treatment measures, and quickly became the "leader" in the fight against SARS. Every one of his speeches can occupy the eye-catching pages of the media, and his every move has become a bellwether for the SARS epidemic. He was labeled "dare to tell the truth" and became the best representative of medical workers during the SARS period. His biography "Brave Soldier - The Legend of Zhong Nanshan" ranked at the top of the bestsellers of the SARS period. The media often uses "fighter" or "warrior" to describe him, and the People's Daily describes him as having "fearless dedication, scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts, and fraternal spirit of saving lives from death."
After SARS, Zhong Nanshan's title and fame flew with it, and he became a popular candidate for media pursuit. There are his occasions, all the way is "long guns and short guns". The 50-meter section, because he was constantly intercepted for an interview, he had to walk for half an hour. His voice on public events continued the style of the SARS period, and his speech often became a popular title the next day.
▲ August 27, 2020, Guangzhou, Academician Zhong Nanshan's team visited patients on ECMO for 111 days in the ward Photo/Southern Vision
After the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, Zhong Nanshan once again threw himself into the front line of the epidemic, and in the face of Bai Yansong's questions, he was the first to point out that the new crown pneumonia was "definitely human-to-human". Since January 2020, he and his team have been tackling COVID-19-related challenges, providing an important force in the fight against COVID-19 in China and the world.
His life was busier than ever, and he even had to stop seeing and rounding. Over the years, he has been committed to the research, prevention and treatment of major respiratory infectious diseases and chronic respiratory diseases, hoping to promote the early screening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the community. Work has been delayed for a year due to the pandemic. It will finally resume in 2021.
"Now that everyone's living standards have improved, and the social and national strength is increasing, in this era, the leaders of various departments should pay more attention to the meaning of health, and should increase investment in health." Zhong Nanshan believes that this is an important conceptual embodiment of the "Healthy China" strategy, "The biggest inspiration given to me by this epidemic is that it truly reflects China's 'health-centered' instead of 'treatment-centered' medical policy." Now, people like hypertension and diabetes can intervene at a very early stage, so it won't progress to the final stage. But this is relatively backward in terms of respiratory diseases, such as the most common chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stage I, phase II no symptoms, patients wait until they catch the bus, go upstairs and feel that the air can not be connected, this time to find a doctor, it is very late, can only alleviate the symptoms. ”
Zhong Nanshan said that he hopes to promote early intervention, "in the field of our respiratory diseases, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc., we must follow the concept of 'early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment'." In this way, we may be at the forefront of the world, which is my wish. ”