(Chinese Pangolin)
On August 6, the Department of Wildlife Protection of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration issued the "Letter of Opinion on Soliciting the Adjustment of the List of Terrestrial Wild Animals under National Key Protection" issued by the Department of Wildlife Protection of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, which lists 772 species of terrestrial wild animals under national key protection, including 185 species of animals under national first-level protection and 587 species of animals under national second-level protection, which is a significant increase from the current list promulgated in 1989. In particular, in recent years, hot species such as the yellow-breasted bunting, spoon-billed sandpiper, blue-headed diving duck, Oriental white stork, Chinese pangolin and other species are included in it. More mammals, birds, reptiles and insects will have new hopes because of this document. Today we'll take a look at the changes!
(Photo by Ning Feng, Oriental White Stork)
First of all, the current list of terrestrial wild animals under national key protection is a directory jointly formulated by the Ministry of Forestry and the Ministry of Agriculture in accordance with the provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wild Animals and relevant laws and regulations, and was promulgated and implemented by the State Council in 1989. A total of 96 species or species of wildlife under national key protection at the national level are listed, and 160 species or species of wildlife under secondary key protection are listed, and the directory also makes specific divisions of aquatic and terrestrial wild animals, and clarifies the specific types under the supervision of fishery and forestry administrative departments. However, after 30 years, especially after the promulgation of the revised Wildlife Protection Law of the People's Republic of China on January 1, 2017, the call to update the wildlife protection list has become increasingly loud.
(Asian Jackal)
22 new species of pangolins have been added to the first level
First of all, as a beast at the top of the animal kingdom, although the number of increases is the smallest, the highlights are outstanding! The level of protection of the highly concerned pangolin has been upgraded from the previous level 2 to level 1, and two new protected species, the Indian pangolin and the Malay pangolin, have been added. The Tawang monkey discovered in southern Tibet in 2004 and the new species of macaque, the white-cheeked macaque, discovered in Metuo County, Nyingchi Region, Tibet on March 27, 2015, were directly designated as first-class protected species. And on July 7, 2018, when China's scientific expedition team members inspected the Jilonggou area in the southern foothills of the middle of the Himalayas in Tibet, they took a clear image of a fox-like beast, and after identification, it was determined that the beast in the photo was the Asian jackal, which had not been found in China before, this time it was found in China for the first time, and it was also designated as an international second-level protected species.
(Photo by Ocelot Ning Feng)
In recent years, because of the unique body pattern, it has been hunted from the wild, and the ocelot that crosses with the Bengal leopard cat or directly acts as a pet, this time upgrading it to a national second-level protected species, which is greatly conducive to the protection of wild populations. The new coconut cat, a nocturnal predator, has a way of releasing stink bombs to defend itself, and whenever they encounter enemy pursuit, they release a special odor secretion from the anus cheeks - stink bombs, which smoke into the eyes, so that people dare not approach it and chase it.
(Snow Rabbit)
The only wild rabbit in China, the snow rabbit whose winter fur has turned white, was originally a national second-level protected species, and this time it was directly removed from the list. In addition to it, China also has 8 species of hares, such as the Northeast rabbit, the Northeast black rabbit, the South China rabbit, the grass rabbit, the plateau rabbit, the Tarim rabbit, the Yunnan rabbit and the Hainan rabbit, and the snow rabbit is the shortest tail among them.
The number of birds increased by up to 145 because there were too many new discoveries
With the increasingly advanced equipment, the number of bird watchers is increasing year by year, and the species distributed by wild birds in China are being refreshed almost every year, so it is not surprising that after 30 years, birds have added the most key protected species. First, the five species of hornbills distributed in China have all been upgraded from level two to level one, because hornbills have to nest on super tall trees to breed, and their numbers are indeed countable as the destruction of primary forests. Secondly, many of the new species have previously been included in the International Protection List. The most representative is the blue-headed diving duck, which was listed on the Red List of Threatened Species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2013 - critically endangered, but in China it has not been included in the list of key protections, and this time it has been directly designated as a national-level protected species.
(In December 2017, Xi'an recorded the blue-headed diving duck Ning Feng for the first time in Yanming Lake)
There is also the prototype of the so-called Donald duck - the white-headed hard-tailed duck, which breeds in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang, occasionally found in Honghu Lake, Hubei, summer migratory birds in Xinjiang, and occasionally seen in Hubei. According to the latest statistics of Wetlands International, the global number of white-headed hard-tailed ducks is 8,000-13,000.
(In December 2018, Shaanxi recorded several females in Heyang for the first time, Zang Xiaobo photo)
The cotton, ribbed duck, spotted autumn sand duck, spoonbill duck, magpie duck, partridge sand duck, and water pheasant seen in Xi'an every winter have also been promoted to national second-level protected species this time, and the Oriental White Stork found in Hancheng, Heyang and Dali Yellow River Beach has been added to the first level, and it is also the largest wading bird in Shaanxi. Secondly, the long plume often used in the opera headdress dress is actually the two longest tail feathers of the white-crowned long-tailed pheasant in the Qinling Mountains, and now we can rarely see its true appearance in the Qinling Mountains, and this time it has also been upgraded from the second level to the first level.
(Photo by Que Duck Ning Feng)
(Photo by Ning Feng, Pheasant)
(Spoonbill Duck Ning Feng photo)
(Photo by Ning Feng)
(Photo by Ning Feng, Spotted Autumn Sand Duck)
(Photo by Curly Pelican Ning Feng)
(Photo by Ning Feng, partridge)
Previously, thrushes, red-billed acacia birds, yellow-bellied, larks, orange-winged noisy storks, etc., which were often caught as ornamental birds, have all been upgraded to the national second level, which has completely solved the problem of difficult administrative punishment for violations of the law and can be directly dealt with according to criminal cases. From being eaten from unsuspecting to endangered, the newly added yellow-breasted bunting is directly designated as a national first-class protected species, leaving those who catch and eat the yellow-throated bunting (commonly known as the grass finches) in prison. Because according to Article 341 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, "the crime of illegally hunting and killing rare and endangered wild animals; Whoever illegally acquires, transports or sells rare and endangered wildlife, precious or endangered wildlife products"Whoever illegally hunts or kills rare or endangered wild animals under key national protection, or illegally acquires, transports or sells rare or endangered wild animals under key national protection and their products, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention and shall also be fined; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years but not more than ten years and shall also be fined; If the circumstances are particularly serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years and shall also be fined or have his property confiscated.
(Photo by Ning Feng, a yellow-breasted bunting that was once sold in Xi'an Bird City)
(Photo by Ning Feng, a thrush that was once sold in Xi'an Bird City)
(Photo by Ning Feng, a red-billed acacia bird that was once sold in Xi'an Bird Market)
Reptiles increased by 94 species Pet owners should pay attention
The increase in the number of reptiles is second only to birds, one is that there are many new species discovered, and the other is that they are greatly affected by environmental changes and the wild population is decreasing. First of all, the three species of tortoises distributed in China are all positioned first-class this time, and the most representative of them are the Burmese tortoise and the concave-bellied tortoise, which have always been the main turtle species sold in the pet market.
(Photo by Ning Feng, a concave-bellied tortoise that was once sold in Xi'an Bird City)
Burmese tortoises are sold by pounds. Tortoises grow slowly, so the market sells catches from the wild, which destroys wild populations. Even if everyone searches for these two tortoises on the Internet now, the most common posts are sold and how to raise them, but after becoming a national key protected species, without relevant approval procedures, breeding will be illegal.
(Photo by Ning Feng, a Burmese tortoise trafficked)
There is also the most common lizard on the market, the Liwen Dragon Lizard, from south to north, ranging from ten yuan to forty yuan, all from the wild. Because it is cheap, it is used by many novices who have no breeding experience to "practice their hands", and almost no one can raise it for a year. This time it was newly added to the list, targeting national second-level protected species.
(Lisaurus)
The Bengal monitor lizard, the largest lizard in China, has been newly added to the national level, and it is the sixth largest lizard species in the world. Nearly two meters long and weighing 10 kilograms, males are usually larger and heavier than females, carnivorous.
(Bengal monitor lizard)
There are also common King Snakes, Black Brow Snakes, and Black Snakes in Shaanxi, which are also selected this time, positioning as second-level. Among them, as the largest snake species in Shaanxi, the King Jin Snake, is generally called cauliflower snake by locals, which can grow to more than 2.5 meters, and its name is named after the "Wang" pattern on the top of the head, which is fierce but non-toxic. When frightened, the body emits a strange odor, so it also gets a nickname of "stinky yellow mang".
(Photo by Wang Jinsnake and Ning Feng)
(Black-browed snake Ning Feng photo)
There are 48 new species of amphibians, most of which are endemic to China
For a long time, the depth and breadth of research on amphibians is far inferior to other animal species, many amphibian species may have become extinct before they have been discovered, and many of the new species added to this list are endemic to China! In our Shaanxi Qinling Mountains alone, there are giant salamanders, Taibaishan stream salamanders, Qinba northern salamanders, Chinese forest frogs, West China toads, frogs and Qinling rain frogs, which are endemic amphibians in China.
(Ningshan toothed toad)
And this time, a little guy named "Ningshan Toothed Toad" added this time, like the Ningshan small-headed snake, was found and named in Ningshan County. At present, it has only been found in Ningshan, Zhouzhi, Taibai, Foping, and Funiu Mountain in neixiang, Henan Province. In June 1983, Mr. Fang Rongsheng of Shaanxi Normal University collected a female toad in the young leaf grass under the birch forest at an altitude of 2550 meters above sea level in Pingheliang, with a body length of 41 mm, which was studied as a new species of the genus Odontodoptera, and was published in 1985 by Mr. Fang Rongsheng. In 1988, Mr. Fang Rongsheng collected a male toad with a body length of 51 mm from a stream at an altitude of 1970 meters in the same area. There are 9 species of toothed toads in China, most of which are distributed in the southwest and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and surrounding areas, and the Ningshan-Shaanxi toothed toad is the most northeastern endemic and rare species. Adults of the Ningshan-toothed toad are mainly land-dwelling, living in high-altitude shrublands and mountain streams, and the selected shrubs are mostly willow forests, and the weeds are mainly Asteraceae and grasses. The selected stream has a slower flow rate, is crystal clear, and has gravel at the bottom. Lurk during the day and come out at night to be active. Tadpoles of the Ningshan toothed toad live mainly in the gentle flow areas of streams, especially in waterholes. The upper jaw of the toothed toad has a small tooth process, while the Ningshan tooth toad has a blue patch at the end of the snout in addition to the tooth process.
79 species of insects added, and many new species were preempted by foreigners
The number of insect species in China is being refreshed every year, and only Shaanxi has new species released every year, but many new species are not discovered by the Chinese, but have long been "lurking" in the local foreigners after collecting specimens and taking them to the international release. In the new list added this time, the most significant significance for Shaanxi is that the Taibai tiger butterfly has finally been identified and positioned as a national second-level protected species.
(Taibai Tiger Phoenix Butterfly, Zhou Liping, Li Yufei Photo)
The famous camouflage master of the insect world, the leafy leaf, all species have been added to the national second level. The only new national first-class, the Chen's Western Dinosaur, is rare and extremely rare, and is found only in fir forests at an altitude of 1750 m on the north side of Kanas Lake in Xinjiang.
(Chen's West Cockroach)
30 years later, in the list of opinions on the adjustment of the list of terrestrial wild animals under national key protection, we can see the further strengthening and determination of the state to protect wild animals, and look forward to its promulgation and implementation, bringing hope and stability to the survival of wild animals.