First, the current occurrence of diseases and pests
1. Cotton leaf mite: Affected by precipitation and temperature fluctuations in the recent stage, the number of cotton leaf mites on weeds has decreased compared with the previous period, and the development is relatively slow; according to the survey, the central plant was found in the cotton field on May 22, which was delayed by about 7-10 days compared with the calendar year, close to recent years. The current climate is not conducive to the occurrence of cotton leaf mites.
2. Aphids: It has been observed that cotton black aphids were sporadically found in weeds (camel thorns) outside the field on May 11, and the incidence is close to that of recent years, less than in previous years. According to a recent field survey, on May 22, cotton aphids entered the cotton field, and the central plant occurred sporadically in the cotton field.
3, cotton bollworm: according to the lantern temptation and field investigation, feathering began on May 10, the feathering period is close to recent years, about a week later than the calendar year; on May 21, there are scattered eggs on the field dragon flower and alfalfa. At present, no eggs of cotton bollworm have been found in cotton fields.
4. Natural enemy situation: According to the observation of lanterns and fields, at present, natural enemies are mainly grasshoppers, bees and bug hunters on weeds outside the field. The number of natural enemies is slightly smaller than in previous years. As the temperature rises and cotton grows and develops, predators enter the cotton fields in early June.
Second, the relationship between recent climatic factors and the occurrence of pests and diseases
1. Climatic factors
Climate overview in mid-May
The average temperature in our region in mid-May was 16.3 °C, 3.7 °C lower than the same period in the calendar year, and 2.9 °C lower than the same period last year.
In the middle of May, the precipitation in our district was 22.0mm, which was 3 times more than the same period of the calendar year, and 30% more than the same period last year.
The main weather process in mid-May: light rain in the reclamation area from the daytime to the 14th, heavy rain in the reclamation area from the 16th to the 17th, precipitation of 121 regimental field of 21mm, 4 to 5 northwest wind, instantaneous wind speed of 6 to 7, accompanied by sand and dust.
Weather forecast for late May:
It is estimated that the average temperature in our region in late May will be about 20.0 °C, which is about 1.7 °C lower than the same period of the calendar year; and about 0.4 °C higher than the same period last year.
In late May, the precipitation in our area was about 9.0mm, which was about 50% more than the same period in the calendar year; it was significantly more than the same period last year.
Third, the trend of diseases and insect pests in the next stage is predicted
(1) Cotton leaf mites: With the gradual rise in temperature, it is expected that the central plant plot will continue to increase in early June, and cotton leaf mites will quickly cause harm in the cotton fields.
(2) Aphids: The current climatic conditions and crop development are conducive to the occurrence and development of aphids, and all units closely monitor the occurrence of the insects. Expected: The center plant of cotton aphid appears in early June.
(3) Cotton bollworm: The peak period of feathering is expected to be at the end of May, and a large number of eggs are laid on cotton fields and weeds.
(4) Cotton seedling disease: Due to the gradual rise in temperature, the occurrence of rotten root disease has been alleviated, and it is recommended that all units strengthen cultivation, improve ground temperature, and inhibit the occurrence of diseases in individual plots with heavy disease and slow development.
FOURTH, the recent comprehensive defense recommendations
Since the recent temperature has begun to rise, which is conducive to the occurrence of various pests, the following suggestions are put forward for the current occurrence of various pests and diseases:
1. According to the current occurrence situation, all units should strengthen the investigation of diseases and insect pests and grasp the occurrence of various diseases and insect pests in a timely manner
dynamic.
2. Strengthen the investigation and prevention of the central plant of cotton leaf mite in the cotton field, find that the central plant of cotton leaf mite is marked, and use an obligate acaricide to control the central plant of cotton leaf mite that has been found, and the agent can be used: avermectin + tetramethazine, avermectin + thiamethone for spot control, and the use of broad-spectrum pesticides is prohibited.
3. Do a good job in the work of frequent vibration insecticidal lamps to booby trap and kill overwintering cotton bollworms: 1. Effectively reduce the number of larvae of a generation of cotton bollworms, and keep the adult insects of the overwintering generation and turn them over to the plant protection station. 2. Strengthen the investigation and monitoring of the amount of eggs dropped by a generation of cotton bollworm cotton fields, wheat fields and corn trap belts. Timely grasp the number of overwintering adults and one generation of larvae, and the cumulative number of eggs in 100 plants reaches 6 or 2 100 larvae can be controlled with drugs.
4. Closely monitor the occurrence and development of cotton field aphids and cotton aphids, strengthen the investigation of cotton black aphids inside and outside the cotton field, find the central aphid source, the local insect population density is large, and the control of spot pieces should be carried out when rolling leaves or flowing oil, and try to avoid large-scale spraying. Prevention and treatment drugs: acetamidine, imidacloprid, etc.
5. Strengthen the investigation of grape diseases and wheat diseases, prevent them in advance, and prevent the occurrence of diseases.
6. Do a good job in crushing corn stalks to reduce the feathering of corn borers. Lower the egg base in the field.
7. Strengthen the daily management of pesticide safety and the safe disposal of pharmaceutical packaging, and adhere to the scientific rotation of pesticides.
Source: 8th Division Xiayedi Reclamation District 121 Regiment Center Disease and Insect Detection and Reporting Station, Graphic Editor: Tianshan Plant Protection, reprint please indicate the source!