For duck parasitic diseases, according to the location of the parasite, the parasites in the host are all internal parasites, such as trematodes, coccidiosis, nematodes and tapeworms. The parasites on the main surface of the host are exoparas, such as mites, ticks and lice. In order to ensure the health of the duck, it is necessary to use the correct way to diagnose parasitic diseases and take targeted measures to solve them.
1 Common duck parasitic disease
Among the parasitic diseases suffered from in ducks, the more common ones are trematodes, tapeworms and coccidiosis, among which tapeworms are the most harmful to ducks. These parasites mainly grow in places where there is water, such as swamps, rivers, rice fields and ditches where fish, snails grow, and some aquatic insects can be used as hosts. The main food of ducks is fish, snails and various insects, and if you eat food with parasites, it will cause duck disease.
1.1 Duck tapeworm disease
Ducks are susceptible to taeniasis such as membranous tapeworms, spear-shaped taenia, prosthetic tapeworms, and flaky wrinkled margin insects. Tapeworms vary in length, ranging from a few centimeters short to 50 centimeters long. In the head node of the tapeworm with a suction cup with a small hook, in the intestinal wall mucosa suction hook to obtain nutrients, ducks can not effectively absorb the nutrients in the food, there will be symptoms of malnutrition, can not develop normally.
1.2 Duck trematodiasis
Flukes are also a disease that ducks are susceptible to. Ducks suffer from trematodiasis, which is mainly two types, namely spinous chinocosis and posterior testicular fluke disease. Among them, spinous trematodiasis is due to the parasitism of cysticercosis in the food swallowed by ducks, and cysticercosis enters the duck body to develop, become an adult worm, and survive in the intestines of ducks, which will lead to disease.
1.3 Duck coccidiosis
Ducks suffer from coccidiosis, which is very harmful. According to relevant reports from foreign reports, when ducks suffer from this parasitic disease, the mortality rate is very high, which can exceed 80%, and even reach 100%.
2 Symptoms of duck parasitic diseases
2.1 Symptoms of duck tapeworm disease
When ducks suffer from taeniasis, they are visibly emaciated, which is due to loss of appetite or diarrhea caused by the disease. Duck droppings are pale green, and tapeworms can be seen to be very harmful to two-month-old ducks. Ducks defecate, tapeworm segments are discharged, some fall into the water, and after the sword flea swallows, it will develop in its body and become a cysticercosis. If the duck eats the cysticercosis, the cysticercosis will grow as tapeworms in the intestine, causing harm to the health of the duck.
2.2 Symptoms of chinococcosis in ducks
Duck fluke disease manifests as loss of appetite, significant wasting, and even symptoms of anemia, no longer growing, in general, young ducks are susceptible to duck fluke disease, and once the disease is very serious. If there are protestosomiasis in the bile ducts and gallbladders of ducks, the disease is more serious and severe, and the main manifestations are less food, anemia, emaciation, poor spirits, relative depression, laziness in walking, and eventually death due to failure. Anatomical examination of the sick duck will find that the liver of the sick duck has been enlarged, the thickness of the gallbladder wall has increased, and the bile is thicker and smaller.
2.3 Symptoms of duck coccidiosis
When ducks suffer from coccidiosis, the initial stage will appear as thin stools, and then they will find symptoms of bloody stools, usually four or five days after the disease will die. If the sick duck survives for six days, the appetite will gradually recover, which means that it will not die, but the development is obviously hindered, although the weight has increased, but it is very slow. This condition is not very obvious, and loose stools are occasional, usually present as carriers of coccidiosis, or as a source of infection.
3 Methods for diagnosing duck parasitic diseases
First, clinical observation of ducks suffering from parasitic diseases will find that they are severely malnourished, manifested as anemia, elimination, mainly caused by digestive disorders, and at the same time suffering from jaundice, developmental obstruction and other diseases, but also as symptoms of chronic diseases or symptoms of wasting diseases. Although it does not produce specificity, it can be used as a reference for diagnosing parasitic diseases.
Second, investigate the epidemic factors of parasitic diseases, understand the incidence of the disease, grasp the dynamics of infection and epidemic dynamics, and determine the basis for diagnosis.
Third, the autopsy of the dead body of the sick duck, the observation of pathological changes, the retrieval of the insect body, and the analysis of the causes of the disease and the causes of death are very helpful for accurate diagnosis.
4 Control measures for duck parasitic diseases
4.1 Precautions for duck parasitic diseases
In order to prevent ducks from suffering from parasitic diseases, ducks cannot be stocked in dead pools to avoid contact with sword water fleas. Ducks should be checked frequently, and if a duck is found to be infected with tapeworms, it is necessary to implement a planned deworming to prevent the widespread spread of pathogens. For young ducks and adult ducks, they should not be kept intensively, but should be raised and stocked separately.
4.2 Treatment of parasitic diseases of ducks
First, the use of thiodichlorophenol, the dose according to body weight, 200mg per kilogram, every 1 duck to be administered, can obtain a good repellent effect, duck tapeworm infection rate decreased, infection intensity also decreased significantly.
Second, the use of propiobenzimidazole, the dose according to body weight, 20mg per kilogram, every 1 duck to be administered, can obtain a good deworming effect. During the course of treatment, the drug can be mixed into the feed and fed, and if large groups of insects are required, good insect repellent effect can also be obtained by using this method.
When mixing drugs, thiodichlorophenol is 200 mg// per kilogram of body weight, propylthiobendazole is 40 mg per kilogram of body weight, a small amount of flour is added to the appropriate amount of water, mixed evenly, and then weighed according to the dose, made into pills, stuffed into the pharynx of the duck, propylthiobendazole can also be made as a tablet, more convenient to administer, the deworming rate exceeds 98%.
5 Through the above research, it can be clear that for farmers, a key task is to prevent duck parasitic diseases, and farmers should take preventive measures at the same time, but also carry out treatment according to the results of diagnosis. At the same time, farmers should pay attention to daily breeding management to minimize the incidence of disease.
Author: Liu Shan Veterinarian Mainly engaged in animal husbandry and veterinary technology to promote animal quarantine prevention and quarantine work