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''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

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''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Egyptian tortoise</h1>

The Egyptian tortoise (scientific name: Testudo kleinmanni) is a reptile of the tortoise family, tortoise family. The Egyptian tortoise is the smallest in the Northern Hemisphere, with a shell length of 14.4 cm. The shell of the Egyptian tortoise is highly arched, from ivory to pale gold to dark brown or dull yellow. This color is the Gregorian law, which helps them control the effects of sunlight, and paler turtles stay in the desert for a long time and are also effective camouflage in the desert. The breastplate is pale yellow , and each plate of the abdomen has two dark triangles. The dark lateral edges of their turtle plates disappear with age. The head and limbs of the Egyptian tortoise are pale ivory yellow to yellowish brown. Females are larger than males, and males are slender and have a longer tail. Egyptian tortoises are the most vulnerable members of the Mediterranean tortoise family, and due to their lives in the Mediterranean climate zone, they are more adapted to dry and cool environments. Egyptian tortoises inhabit desert and semi-arid environments such as sandy plains, rocks, sandy dry valleys, and arid woodlands. Egyptian tortoises eat very little,

''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

In the natural environment, it feeds on annual plants that grow after rain, mainly on wild grasses (such as Bermuda grass) and fallen flowers. Artificial rearing can be fed lettuce, oil wheat vegetables, etc. Egyptian tortoises were once found in Egypt and Libya, but their habitat in Egypt has been completely destroyed and they have become extinct. In Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, Libya, two communities still exist. Chinese scientific name Egyptian tortoise Latin scientific name Testudo kleinmanni Other name Clemani tortoise kingdom Animal kingdom Phytocytotes Phylum Phylum Phytophthalmos Phylum Phytophalidae Vertebrate suborder Reptile suborder Turtle suborder Turtle suborder Tortoise family Tortoise family Tortoise genus Tortoise species Egyptian tortoise subspecies No English name Testudo kleinmanni namer and year Lortet, 1883 Zoological history Egyptian tortoises were distributed in Egypt and Libya. Egyptian tortoises are actually extinct in Egypt. As of 2013, the Egyptian tortoise is a subspecies of The Egyptian tortoise, including the Najif tortoise, which is a new species of Egyptian tortoises distributed in the Najif region of southern Israel, with a localized adaptation form, but different appearance.

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''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

< h2 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > morphological characteristics</h2>

The Egyptian tortoise is the smallest in the Northern Hemisphere, with a shell length of 14.4 cm. The shell of the Egyptian tortoise is highly arched, from ivory to pale gold to dark brown or dull yellow. This color is the Gregorian law, which helps them control the effects of sunlight, and paler turtles stay in the desert for a long time and are also effective camouflage in the desert. The breastplate is pale yellow , and each plate of the abdomen has two dark triangles. The dark lateral edges of their turtle plates disappear with age. The head and limbs of the Egyptian tortoise are pale ivory yellow to yellowish brown. Females are larger than males, and males are slender and have a longer tail.

''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

< h2 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > life habits</h2>

Egyptian tortoises are the most vulnerable members of the Mediterranean tortoise family, and due to their lives in the Mediterranean climate zone, they are more adapted to dry and cool environments. Egyptian tortoises inhabit desert and semi-arid environments such as sandy plains, rocks, sandy dry valleys, and arid woodlands. If the temperature exceeds 30 °C, the activity will decrease and enter a summer sleep state. However, they are very active in winter, and the period between December and March of the following year is the time when this species is more active. It is not active in very cold or very hot environments. During the cold season, they go out at noon. During the warmer season, they are more active in the morning and evening. For the rest of the day they hide under grass or in rodents' nests. Egyptian tortoises feed in small amounts, feeding on annual plants that grow after rain in their natural environment, mainly on wild grasses (such as Bermuda grass) and fallen flowers. Artificial rearing can be fed lettuce, oil wheat vegetables, etc.

''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

< h2 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > distribution range</h2>

Egyptian tortoises were once found in Egypt and Libya, but their habitat in Egypt has been completely destroyed and they have become extinct. In Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, Libya, two communities still exist.

''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

<h2 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > breeding method</h2>

Egyptian tortoises reach sexual maturity around 10-20 years of age. In the wild, they mate in March, but in the forage they mate between April and November. The male turtle will bump into the female to show affection. They will make mating calls like mourning pigeons. Females lay eggs in shallow pits under the grass, laying 1-5 eggs at a time.

''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

<h2 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > conservation status</h2>

<h3 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > protection level</h3>

Listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN ver 3.1, 2003) – CriticalLy Endangered (CR).

Listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) – Appendix I.

< h3 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > population status</h3>

Given that the Egyptian tortoise is protected by international conservation policies (the species is included in CITES Appendix I), the species is not protected in Libya despite its protection under Egyptian law (Baha El-Din, 1994; Anonymous, 2000) (Anonymous, 2000; S. Baha El-Din, 2002). However, later information (M. Baha El-Din, 2002; S. Baha El-Din, 2002) indicates that the Libyan Environment Directorate and local academics have shown interest in protecting tortoises in Libya and that they look forward to working with the TortoiseCare project in Egypt. Although Egypt has passed laws to protect Egyptian tortoises, the law has not always been enforced (Baha Elding 1994; Anonymous 2000). S. Baha El-Din (2002) noted that the TortoiseCare project will continue to seek funding for egyptian tortoise conservation activities, in particular to develop a species action plan that takes into account the conservation needs of species at the global level, including Egypt and Libya.

''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.
''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

Egypt is taking protective measures (M. Baha El-Din, 2002), but Libya has not. Egypt also needs to conduct more research, such as systematically searching for and identifying habitats where turtles may still exist. There are two protected areas in Egypt, and according to Baha Elding (1994), Anonymous (2000) and Baha Elding (2002), more are needed. The motivation for establishing new protected areas, especially for Egyptian tortoises, is not entirely clear, as the species has already gone extinct in Egypt. The reintroduced project was shelved in Egypt (M. Baha El-Din, 2002). Egyptian tortoises may inhabit Kuf National Park in northeastern Libya, where a 20-year-old specimen was found (FMNH Collection Data, Schleich, 1987). If trade can be stopped, protected areas will greatly improve the survival prospects of the entire species.

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''Egyptian tortoise' 'The only one of the 4 representative tortoises in Europe is that the trade in egyptian tortoises in the first level of conservation is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market.

<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Egyptian tortoise pet trade is prohibited by international orders, so they are almost invisible on the market. </h1>

<h3 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > endangered cause</h3>

The habitat of the Egyptian tortoise has been destroyed by human activities. Loss of habitat and illegal capture as pets are both threats to them. They are also hunted as medicines

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