The Paper's reporter Lu Xinwen intern Zhang Xinyi Xu Linjie Zhao Saixin
On the first night after the earthquake, Yang Wanlong of Aiguo Village in Wanggangping Township stayed up all night. That night, the aftershocks continued, and the opposite mountain collapsed from time to time, and he could hear the loud sound of falling rocks rolling into the river.
On September 5, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province. On the evening of September 8, the "9.5" Luding Earthquake Earthquake Disaster Relief Provincial , Municipal (Prefecture) County Frontline Joint Command Reported: As of 12:00 on the 8th, the earthquake had killed 86 people, including 50 people in Ganzi Prefecture and 36 people in Ya'an City, and 35 people were missing.
In order to seize the 72 hours of the golden rescue, rescuers took a rubber boat to "force" the Dadu River, and then walked into the "isolated island" of the disaster area. In the face of the rushing stream, the SWAT team members used their bodies and ropes to build bridges to open up life rescue channels and successfully transfer the trapped people.
At 10:30 a.m. on September 6, after receiving a clue from the masses in Aiguo Village, two people were buried under a collapsed building, and the forest fire brigade immediately searched and rescued them.
Mutual aid after the earthquake
Moxi Town, Luding County, was at the epicenter of the earthquake, and many houses were seriously damaged after the earthquake.
Zhang Wen (pseudonym), the manager of a homestay in Moxi Town, recalled to the surging news reporter that he was working on the sofa during the earthquake, and he did not know where to run when he ran to the door of the store, the houses and facilities in the store were shaking, and there were also various building pieces outside the store that fell, and he still ran out between the "dilemma".
The facilities of the houses in the shop were badly damaged, but fortunately no one was injured. The day before the earthquake, guests basically checked out. However, after the earthquake on September 5, some of the guests who had originally checked out came back to find Zhang Wen. Under the leadership of Zhang Wen, five residents went to the warehouse where the epidemic prevention materials were distributed to collect tents and supplies and temporarily settled down. Mr. Zhang introduced that these guests have now moved to Kangding.
The villages around the homestay are also seriously damaged, Zhang Wen went to assist the rescue team in these days, he took out various materials in the store and sent them to the people in need on the way to the rescue. Zhang Wen said, "Everything is unforgettable, the rescue team members carry all kinds of rescue equipment and materials, and when they carry 30 or 50 kilograms of weight, they have to go up and down the mountain, carry the wounded, and help the villagers to transfer." ”
Lu Yi (pseudonym), a tourist in Hailuogou, was stranded at one point because of the earthquake. When the earthquake came suddenly, Lu Yi was hit by the foot of the bed before she could react, "her arms and legs were injured", and then she and her boyfriend ran to safety.
For safety, the owner of the property took them to the house to live with. On the first night after the earthquake, Lu Yi and his party of 4 people and 6 local villagers stayed together for one night.
Lu Yi's homestay is located in the lower part of the conch ditch, and the road behind the homestay house is next to the cliff. After the earthquake, the road collapsed nearly a meter, "quite dangerous, if it continues to collapse, the whole house may collapse along with the road surface." ”
"We ate noodles from the villagers and treated us very well. If this earthquake hadn't had them, we wouldn't have known what to do. "It was a small village, and we thought that after the earthquake everyone would be in a state of collapse, but everyone didn't stop for a second, they began to set up tents and cook, and everyone was very friendly and united." We were eating there, and villagers came up to us and talked to us so we didn't have to be afraid. ”
Asbestos County in Ya'an City was also severely affected by the earthquake.
When the earthquake occurred, Yang Wanlong, who was a village teacher in Aiguo Village, Asbestos Wanggangping Township, was in the school, and the shaking caused by the earthquake made people unstable, and she almost climbed upstairs with her hands and feet on the rocking stairs. "Halfway up the climb, I found that the students had already run to the staircase, and I quickly beckoned them not to go downstairs, but to concentrate in the corner and crouch first." Yang Wanlong said that soon after the earthquake ended, she and other teachers and villagers immediately moved the students to an open area.
At 10 o'clock on September 7, rescue workers transferred the injured people from Patriotic Village to a rescue helicopter.
Rescue forces converge
Wang Bin experienced the "5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake" in 2008, and he opened a hotel in Luding County. On September 6, he told The Paper that Luding County had basically returned to normal life and had sufficient supplies. When the earthquake struck, the structure of the hotel's house was not damaged, and he and the customers in the hotel ran out for the first time to escape. Not long after the earthquake, fire rescue personnel came to the county to carry out rescue work.
Mr. Ye, who opened an inn in Moxi Town, Luding County, told The Paper on the evening of September 8 that after the earthquake, he and his family were placed in Moxi Square to take shelter and live in a tent. Because the tent was limited, he chose to sleep in his car and make room for the tent for others. Each tent is run by one or two volunteers. Public lighting has been restored on the square, and mobile phones can be charged, making life more convenient.
Mr. Ye said that in the past two days, materials donated by enterprises and caring people have been transported, and some meat has been donated to nearby villages that have not been affected, and villagers who have not been affected have also sent them prepared meals. The victims of the disaster in Moxi Square also took out some supplies from their refrigerators. On the 8th, together with several other volunteers, he cooked several meals for everyone: porridge for breakfast, and ate it with cakes; Made for lunch a pot of potato stew ribs and a vegetarian dish; Dinner was back to the pot of meat and scrambled eggs with tomatoes, "rice tube enough".
After the earthquake, Mr. Ye volunteered nearby, helping rescuers set up tents and deliver supplies. After a few days of busy work, he had time today to record his volunteer information.
Elementary schools have become a temporary refuge in the local area. Yang Yan (pseudonym), a villager in Xinxing Village, Yanzigou Town, Luding County, said that after the earthquake, some villagers gathered in a primary school to take shelter, set up dozens of tents, and set up pots and cooked rice in the compound at noon. "Let's take what we have, let's cook together." Many rescue forces came to support, and vehicles passed by her doorway, "there are all kinds of cars, firefighting, hospital, armed police, delivery of supplies, one after another."
In addition to spontaneous rescue by the people, as of 9 o'clock on September 8, the Sichuan Provincial Fire Rescue Corps mobilized 10 detachments, 1,095 fire rescue personnel, 270 fire trucks, 17 search and rescue dogs, and 36 boats to aid the earthquake area, and fully engaged in the search and rescue of trapped people, the investigation of dangerous houses, and the centralized resettlement of disaster victims.
"Isolated Island" rescue
In order to advance into the "isolated island" of Sichuan Ya'an Asbestos County Caoke Township, on September 6, firefighters of the Liangshan Prefecture Forest Fire Brigade in Sichuan "forced" the Dadu River at night, which lasted nearly 12 hours and traveled more than 30 kilometers on foot, becoming the first national professional rescue team to enter Caoke Township of Asbestos County.
In the process of rescue and rescue, another special team, the Chengdu Fire Flying Eagle Aviation Rescue Team, broke through the limit to carry out reconnaissance and built a "bridge of life" in the air for the epicenter disaster area.
Rescuers crossed the Dadu River at night to rush to the disaster area.
At 15:01 on September 7, the Chengdu Fire Detachment's "Flying Cat" high-altitude rope rescue team set up a rope system to transfer the trapped people.
Rescuers use ropes and bodies to build "life channels" over rivers.
According to the WeChat public account "Sichuan Fire 119", on September 6, the Flying Eagle Aviation Rescue Team received the task of transferring the trapped people from Caoke Township from the air. While carrying out rescue operations, the team members worked with the local people to clean up debris, and in less than 1 hour, they successfully opened up and completed 2 large helicopter take-off and landing points, realizing the circular transportation of personnel and materials. At 15:40 on September 6, the Flying Eagle Rescue Team made two safe round-trip sorties to rescue 14 trapped and injured people, including 3 seriously injured.
In order to transport the wounded trapped in the "isolated island" of Asbestos County to the hospital, the firefighters involved in the rescue in Asbestos County stayed up all night. The video sent back from the scene showed that in the early morning of the 6th, with the assistance of the Panzhihua Forest Fire Detachment, many wounded people transferred from upstream were sent to the hospital. After nearly 4 hours of more than a dozen batches of transportation, 150 rescue workers all crossed the river at 6 a.m.
Villager Yang Wanlong said that the appearance of the "orange figure" of the rescue team members made the villagers feel comforted, and the arrival of the rescue team members brought a sense of security to the villagers.
On September 8, the firefighters of the Xichang Brigade of the Liangshan Prefecture Forest Fire Brigade came to the Caoke Township Central Primary School to do psychological counseling for the children, and in the process they were chased by the children to sign the autograph, and the children said that they were very grateful to the firefighter uncle for coming to help and wanted to write down the names of each of them.
Lu Yi, a trapped tourist, told The Paper that the day after the earthquake, a rescue team composed of Sichuan special police arrived in the local area, and in the afternoon, she and other tourists followed the special police outward. "It was about 5 p.m. when we set off, and we went all the way over the mountains and walked all the way through the wild roads." Lu Yi said that several places he passed were very dangerous, "covered by collapsed mountains and falling rocks, completely invisible (road), very loose under our feet, we have to step on it, each step must be stepped twice, and only when we step on it can we dare to walk."
"The SWAT team has been following me, encouraging me to go with confidence and giving me a lot of courage." Lu Yi recalled walking like this for more than three hours, and when he reached a river beach, the SWAT team ventured to build a temporary bridge with trees. "It was dangerous, the water under the bridge was turbulent, and they supported us with their hands and passed one by one."
After a few more hours, Lu Yi and his party arrived at the temporary rescue point at the entrance of the scenic spot and ate the dinner provided by the special police. "It should have been the best meal I had in the past two days, and I cried at the time." Lu Yi told The Paper that after a night's rest at the temporary rescue point, she embarked on a journey back home with the help of the police, first transferring to Kangding, and finally returning to Wuhan, Hubei Province by car on September 9. "After being transferred from the earthquake zone, I was finally able to get a good night's sleep. I had just fallen asleep and there was a little aftershock, and I woke up immediately, bounced up like a conditioned reflex, and pulled my boyfriend to run outside. ”
"Swat crews, fire brigades, and all kinds of civilian rescue teams, it's really remarkable." For this escape experience, Lu Yi was quite emotional, "Those roads are particularly difficult to walk, and I don't even know how they made a road." Lu Yi said that after the earthquake, he will go to Sichuan again, "because it is a beautiful place, and we also feel the kindness of the local villagers."
After the earthquake, Liangshan forest fire commanders and fighters have been fighting in Caoke Township, Asbestos County, searching for and rescuing trapped people, transferring wounded and sick people and materials, publicizing the knowledge of risk avoidance, and doing psychological reassurance work for the masses in the disaster area. On September 9, on the occasion of the Mid-Autumn Festival, forest fire commanders and fighters put on raincoats, carried the most urgently needed tents and gasoline of the victims, carried moon cakes, and then set off to send festive condolences to the resettlement site of the victims of Heping Village, which is farthest away from the Caoke Township Government of Asbestos County.
At the resettlement site, everyone cooks together. Courtesy of respondents
Regret the damaged artifacts
After the Luding earthquake, the current situation of cultural relics in Luding Bridge and the former site of the Moxi Conference has attracted attention from the outside world. Videos provided by local people showed that the façade of the Moxi Catholic Church was cracked and the columns were deformed; The outer wall of the priest's building also cracked, the roof collapsed, the bricks and tiles were scattered on the ground, and the structure of the house was damaged.
Luding is one of the important tourist attractions in western Sichuan, and there are Erlang Mountain in the county, Gongga Mountain, the "King of Shu Mountain", the beautiful Yanzigou and the national 5A level scenic spot - Hailuogou Glacier Forest Park. In addition, Luding is also a famous revolutionary historical city, with landscape cultural relics such as Luding Bridge and the moxi conference site in the territory.
On May 29, 1935, the Red Army's Long March arrived in Moxi. That evening, in the priest building of the Moxi Catholic Church, Mao Zedong summoned Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Wang Jiaxiang, Zhang Wentian, Chen Yun, and Deng Xiaoping, who were accompanying him, to hold a meeting, which is known in history as the "Moxi Conference" and played an important role in the Red Army's passage of the Luding Bridge. At 4:00 a.m. the next day, the troops left Moxi, and on the way received news of the success of the Red Army's flight to capture the Luding Bridge sent by the advance regiment.
Luding Bridge was built in September 1705 and put into use in April 1706, with a total length of 103.67 meters, a width of 3 meters, and 13 chains, making it an ancient bridge with a long history. The bridge is famous for the "Flying Capture of Luding Bridge" battle during the Red Army's Long March.
The surging news learned from the relevant departments of Ganzi Prefecture that the Luding Bridge was not damaged in the earthquake, and at present, for safety considerations, the scenic spot is closed and the hidden dangers are being investigated. The site of the Moxi Conference has been damaged to a certain extent, and the severity needs to be further identified by experts, and the site has been fenced off. The above department said, "What other cultural relics were damaged in the earthquake [in the disaster area], and the government department is investigating." How to repair and protect in the future will be discussed. ”
According to the cover news report, after the earthquake, the Sichuan Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics immediately launched an emergency plan, deployed to carry out post-disaster cultural relics investigation and temporary protection work, and prevented aftershocks from causing secondary damage to damaged buildings; At the same time, make corresponding preparations, organize experts to go to the site to investigate in a timely manner, carry out protection and repair as soon as possible, and restore the original appearance of the site.
Freshwater River Fault Zone
What is the aftershock of the Luding earthquake? What is the source mechanism behind the earthquake?
According to the research and analysis of seismic activities near Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, according to experts organized by the China Earthquake Network Center, the 6.8-magnitude earthquake in Luding County occurred near the Xianshuihe fault zone, and the preliminary source mechanism was explained as a slip-type rupture.
Chen Huizhong, a former researcher at the Institute of Earthquake Prediction of the China Earthquake Administration, analyzed that the Xianshuihe Fault Zone is a large left-handed slip fault in the eastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of the mainland, the Anning River Fault in the south is connected to the Kangding area, and the Ganzi-Yushu Fault is connected to the Donggu and Ganzi areas in the north, which is one of the fault zones with the strongest deformation of the continental dynamic action environment and crustal movement. The fault zone has historically had a high seismic activity and has experienced many strong earthquakes.
According to the China Earthquake Network, since 1900, within 200 kilometers of the epicenter of the Luding 6.8 earthquake, a total of 19 earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above have occurred. Among them, there were 15 earthquakes of magnitude 6.0-6.9 and 4 earthquakes of magnitude 7.0-7.9, the largest of which was the 7.5 magnitude earthquake in Kangding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province on April 14, 1955 (about 53 kilometers from this earthquake), the most recent being the 6.1 magnitude earthquake in Lushan County, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province on June 1, 2022 (about 120 kilometers from this earthquake), and the closest spatial distance was the 6.2 magnitude earthquake in northeast Jiulong, Sichuan on January 15, 1975 (about 32 kilometers from this earthquake).
Under the influence of continental plate activity, bayankara block activity is relatively strong, and in modern times, many large earthquakes have occurred at the edge of this block, such as Hotan, Kunlun Pass, Wenchuan, Yushu, Lushan and other major earthquakes, and this earthquake also occurred at the edge of this block.
The Sichuan Earthquake Bureau believes that the earthquake is the main aftershock type, and it is unlikely that a larger earthquake will occur, but it is necessary to pay attention to strong aftershocks.
This issue is edited by Shan Zou