Autumn has arrived, many areas have shaken off the heat of summer and entered the cool weather patterns of autumn, and the annual autumn and winter afforestation work has also begun.
Autumn transplanting trees, for many kinds of saplings, it has undergone the absorption of nutrients during the growth period, accumulated a lot of nutrients, autumn is also the early stage of the tree is about to enter dormancy, unlike spring germination needs to consume more nutrients, so that after the saplings are planted, there is a better buffer period.
As a seedling producer, it is crucial to choose a suitable season for transplanting and planting, and different regions have different seasons but suitable for planting tree species due to different climates, so which tree species are suitable for autumn in the south and north?
Southern region
Southern climate characteristics: high temperature and rainy summer, mild and rainy winter, rain and hot at the same time;
Southern autumn is suitable for planting: purple leaf plum, red maple, osmanthus flower, luan tree, southern bamboo, simple tree, yellow locust, large-leaf purple weed and other varieties.
Autumn seedlings are best planted until the leaves fall until the soil freezes. Autumn planting should be as early as possible, and it is better to plant when the leaves fall. Practice has proved that deciduous trees such as Pu Tree, Wu Zi, Red Maple and Yellow Chestnut are planted in mid-to-late November, and the survival rate can reach 100%; Low shrubs such as large-leaved boxwood, small-leaved boxwood, southern heavenly bamboo, golden-leaved privet, golden-edged boxwood, and purple-leaved barberry were planted in late October until before freezing, with a survival rate of up to 98%.
Northern region
Northern climate characteristics: high temperature and rainy summer, cold and dry winter;
In the north, autumn is suitable for planting: Xinjiang poplar, weeping willow, oil pine, sassafras pine, juniper cypress, clove, elm plum, gold and silver wood, rose, forsythia, red rui wood, red leaf barberry, southern bamboo and other varieties.
These few things to note:
Seedling selection
Autumn and winter seedling planting, due to the relatively harsh seasonal climatic conditions, the requirements for the planted seedlings themselves are relatively high, therefore, when selecting seedlings, you can fully observe the growth of seedlings during the seedling growth season, try to choose container seedlings with sufficient nutrients, robust growth, high survival rate or transplanted high-quality seedlings, try not to use bare root seedlings or seedlings that have not been transplanted.
Planting time
After the winter planting of hardy deciduous trees in the northern region, the root system can resume growth under conditions of high soil temperature. Evergreen coniferous trees in North China may re-root, but should be earlier than deciduous trees. Autumn planting is not strictly timed, and can be carried out from the fall of trees to the time of soil freezing, and it is advisable from late October to mid-November. In addition, the planting of trees in autumn also alleviates the problems of short planting time in spring, frequent sandstorms and labor shortages.
soil treatment
Seedlings should absorb various nutrients needed for their growth from the soil, and the seedling planting soil planted in autumn and winter must have sufficient thickness to ensure that the soil is fertile and loose, breathable and drainageable, and it must contain various trace elements required for the normal growth of seedlings. Therefore, before planting seedlings, it is necessary to conduct laboratory analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the soil to determine whether the seedlings are suitable for such soils, and take corresponding measures such as disinfection, fertilization and guest soil. This is an extremely critical factor in ensuring the survival rate of seedlings.
Planting depth
Since trees enter the winter immediately after planting, they are generally planted deeper in autumn and winter than in spring, in order to prevent the root system from suffering frost damage. However, some seedling farmers are afraid that the roots of the tree will be frozen to death during the planting process, planting too deeply, resulting in the following year's trees suffocating buds, or even death.
The correct planting depth for planting in autumn and winter should be: the buried soil is about 5 cm higher than the original soil marks, and the planting can also be consistent with the original soil marks, and then the soil is piled up in the tree cavity for insulation, and the next spring is combined with watering back to the green water, and then the mound is opened.
Watering method
When planting in autumn and winter, watering the seedlings is a very important task. Many seedling farmers have copied the method of planting trees and watering in the spring, regardless of three seven twenty-one, blindly watering three; Or mistakenly think that the temperature in autumn and winter is low, the amount of transpiration is small, and lazy only water once, resulting in a low survival rate of trees. In fact, watering should be determined according to the climate situation and planting time of the year sooner or later to determine the number of times and the amount of watering.
Trim appropriately
Autumn transition to winter when the seedlings are susceptible to cold, should be pruned branches of the seedlings, the aboveground part of the moderate pruning, reduce the respiration of the aboveground parts, reduce the consumption of nutrients, so that the seedlings store more nutrients conducive to overwintering.
Protected from the cold and kept warm
The smoking method can also be carried out for small seedling forests or shrubs, which can ignite grass piles in the upwind direction, and use the heat of smoke to protect seedlings from cold and warmth.
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