5. Establishment of the British North American Colony
Viking (ancient Denmark) pirates
In Britain, William I, the Duchy of Normandy, founded by the descendants of pirate Vikings, completely conquered the Anglo-Saxon region of the British Isles by force from 1066 to 1069. After killing 4,000-5,000 Anglo-Saxon nobles or landowners, William I divided the lands among the Norman nobles who followed him. William I ushered in a new era of British dynastic bloodlines that continue to the King of England today. The aristocracy that followed him continued to become a prominent family in Britain today. The history of England in the future is the history of territorial disputes and grudges between this group of French invaders and the European continent, as well as the struggle between the king and the nobility. Due to the strength of the aristocracy, the king was forced to accept the magna Carta pattern of power distribution; The king's position was strengthened by the internecine slaughter of the nobles and the war with France. Britain gradually formed a political and economic situation in which the crown was relatively centralized, and the aristocracy and the parliament composed of emerging industrialists and merchants shared power, both fighting and cooperating, both conservative and dynamic.
Vikings + Anglo-Saxons
+ French Vikings = British
When the wealth acquired by the Spaniards reached Europe, the British knew they had missed a big opportunity. At the moment, they have only envy. However, the British also tried to get a piece of the pie, so Henry VII also asked the Venetian John Cabot to help him go to the Americas in 1497. John Cabot went to the east coast of North America, and although nothing was left, the British claimed it to be his turf. Because Spain had a big fist, Britain had to concede defeat, but its psychology was crooked to take revenge.
For a long time afterward, backward England was busy with internal strife, such as the politics of marriage where Henry VIII had a son, the frail Edward VI, and the bloody Mary I. It was not until the time of Elizabeth I (1533-1603) that Britain gradually stabilized internally, focusing on the competition for colonies with European countries. In 1587, Elizabeth I's favorite, Sir Walter Raleigh, was granted a charter by the Queen to invest in immigrants from British North America and to make his emigrant land Virginia in honor of Elizabeth, the eternal "Virgin King", but was disturbed by Spain. Previously, the fragile British could only use piracy in the face of the huge Spanish Empire, such as the pirate Francis Drake to rob Spain of wealth plundered from overseas. As Britain grew stronger, especially in 1577-1579, francis Drake represented Britain on the second circumnavigation of the world's history, and the Spanish Empire recognized the need to cut off the fledgling Britain.
In 1588, the mighty Spanish Empire led the largest group of sailing warships at the time, known as the "Armada of Spanish", with 130 sailboats and merchant ships of all kinds and 3,000 men jointly attacking Britain with the Spanish army in the Netherlands. As a result, the backward British Royal Navy and pirate military weakened the Spanish Armada with guerrilla strategies. Finally, a typhoon blew the Spanish fleet without a trace. The Armada was completely defeated, and Spain was devastated. In commemoration of this great victory, Elizabeth I of England ordered the casting of military merit medals in recognition of the heroic Francis Drakes, which have the following text: "As soon as God blows the wind, they are gone."
The Spanish Armada blown apart by the typhoon
After that, the British controlled the sea route to North America, which the British believed was providence, and the British were bound to be invincible and invincible, becoming a colonial successor. However, in 1590, Sir Walter Reilly's rescue ship arrived in Roanoke, Virginia, and found that the first British who arrived in North America were long gone and still have no solution, so the Americans called the lost colony "Lost Colony". After Elizabeth I, Britain continued to expand into North America.
By 1754, Britain, France, Spain, Russia, and Portugal were the dominant states throughout the Americas. The Americas became the place of wealth development of European countries, the relocation of depressed residents, the training of troops, the incubation of racism, and the sudden emergence of Europe as a world power, surpassing the countries of the East.
North America became the territory of Europe