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If someone thinks that India is a funny and insignificant country, he is most likely a national of a big country, such as Chinese.
In 1947, India was born, from a geographical term to truly become a country, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru said ambitiously:
India cannot play a second-rate role in the world, either becoming a superpower or disappearing.
India has never been ashamed of being colonized and created by the British, because it inherited the Legacy of the British as soon as it was born, and Nehru formulated the "Great Indian Federal Plan", which openly stated:
Small nation-states are doomed to perish, and they can survive as cultural autonomous regions, but they cannot become independent political units.
This is contrary to today's international order, knowing that the United States does not dare to say so, so as to install a lighthouse, India says that its fierce strength does not allow ×, and it has the responsibility to "protect" the small countries around it.
If you conquer the world before you conquer it, you must first conquer South Asia. India said so and did just that, annexing Sikkim, taking two-thirds of Kashmir, encroaching on the Goa region, controlling Bhutan... From 1947 to today, about 120,000 square kilometers of land have been seized, and no country has dared to do so openly as India after World War II.
Do you think India can't do it? People can think of themselves as the first power in the universe.
The world's 6th in terms of area, the 2nd in the world in terms of population, the 5th in the world in terms of economic aggregates, the nuclear-armed country, and the successor of the former global hegemon, the Great Yin Empire, the eldest son of Shu........
In the eyes of countries such as South Asia, India is already a proper "superpower".
India's next target is Nepal, and by taking Nepal, India can better "inherit the british empire's will" to threaten China's borders and achieve the so-called McMahon Line.
With only 30 million people and a total economy of $30 billion, Nepal is less than a fraction of India's, making it one of the poorest countries in the world.
The territory of Nepal covers an area of about 147,000 square kilometers.
Why?
In 1814, the British invaded Nepal, met with a fierce Gurkha infantry counterattack, although the British with numerical and weapons superiority to make some progress, but still could not take the whole of Nepal, the two sides signed an agreement, Nepal ceded about 1/3 of the territory to the British.
In 1947, the British withdrew from South Asia, Nepal wanted to find India to get the original land back, India said what your land, that is my father gave me the inheritance........
Not only does India not return the land, but it also says that the Sugauri Treaty that you signed with the British did not mean that the south side of the Mahakali River was all my father's?
This river is triangular, how can it be counted from the southernmost side? The whole thing is mine!
This area is called Kalapani, located at the junction of China and Indonesia, and its strategic location is very important!
In 1962, China's self-defense counterattack against India began, India was defeated, and when it retreated in a hurry, it passed through the Kalapani region nearby, and later india thought more and more that it was a good place, and wanted to use this place as a forward position to attack China, simply snatched this 370 square kilometers of territory, and announced to the outside world that Nepal ceded it to Britain in 1814.
Border disputes coupled with India's wolf ambitions, Nepal has always been very wary of India, but as a landlocked country, let alone no ports, the national border is surrounded by India on three sides, can not go out, the other border country is China, but separated by the insurmountable Himalayas.
How high is the Himalayas, 10 of the world's 14 peaks above 8,000 meters above sea level are here.
Nepal now has more than 160 trading partners, but most of its imports and exports need to be done with India's "assistance", with a total of US$12.6 billion in 2021.
You see this number is not much, but it accounts for more than 75% of Nepal's total foreign trade, and India is the first major trading partner.
The trade volume between China and Nepal is only 3 billion US dollars, making it the second largest trading partner.
It's not how much Nepal likes Indian goods, but what can he do?
If Nepal wants to export, it must use the ports of India, otherwise all the logistics costs cannot be paid by air.
And nepal to India border line is plain, convenient transportation, many roads are indians come to invest in the construction, Nepal to India's capital New Delhi distance is only more than 300 kilometers, three hours by car can reach .....
On one side are the plains, on the other side are the highest mountains in the world.
However, when India annexed Sikkim in 1975, it was the peak of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, and neither the United States nor the Soviet Union wanted to offend India, and coupled with our special circumstances at that time, India picked up a loophole, and it is impossible to expand today if it still wants to expand as it did decades ago.
There can be no annexation, and India's means is gradual control.
India's control of Nepal is similar to that of Bhutan.
80% of nepal's population is engaged in agriculture, because of the lack of infrastructure and primitive accumulation, industry has not been able to develop, fuel, gas, medicines, fertilizers, coal and other basic products are dependent on India's imports.
India is a very chicken thief, only exporting finished products to Nepal, not to Nepal, the intention is very obvious is to make Nepal unable to get rid of India.
Because of its control of the economy, India has installed a large number of pro-Indian factions in the Nepalese government.
In addition, another killer of India is to immigrate to other countries in South Asia, and for decades, the population of Uttar Pradesh continued to enter Nepal, forming a new ethnic group, the Madhesi.
Today, the madhesi population of more than 6 million, accounting for 20% of the whole of Nepal, has always considered themselves "Indians" and have formed a considerable influence in groups.
One is to control 20% of the population, the other is to control the economy, India has seen Nepal as its own pocket, Nehru just came to power, he blatantly said: Nepal's foreign policy must be guided by India, any country wants to reach out to Nepal, is challenging India.
In 1988, Nepal asked India to buy "strategic weapons", and India said what do you want weapons to do, is there something that I have to protect you?
Nepal has no way, want to "quietly" find China to buy, and soon was discovered by India's "eyeliner" in the government, India was furious, thinking that Nepal had two hearts, immediately carried out an economic blockade, all gas and coal were embargoed, closed 13 of the 15 border trade points, and let the Madhesi people take advantage of the fire to rob and provoke trouble...
Nepal's economy soon became unstoppable and had to succumb to India.
So, for decades, India has bullied Nepal without fear.
In 1955, India and Nepal signed the "Kosi River Treaty", on the Kosi River to build a dam to irrigate the farmland of the two countries, 7 years later the dam was repaired, Nepal looked dumbfounded, this project can irrigate nearly 1 million hectares of Indian farmland, to Nepal, due to the "ingenious" design of Indian engineers, can only irrigate about 25,000 hectares .......
It is equivalent to building an Indian project in Nepal.
Coupled with the fact that Indian engineers are engaged in tofu slag projects, this dam is "in disrepair" at every turn, resulting in flooding and affecting Nepal, in August 2008, the dam broke the embankment, about 200,000 Indians were affected, but 800,000 Nepalese homes were flooded.........
There are so many such acts that Nepalese grit their teeth with hatred.
In this way, India's practice is that the heart is pitifully narrow-minded, the chicken intestines are small, and the vision is not as narrow as the landlords in the land state.
After China developed, it sincerely hoped that the economies of neighboring countries would improve, help other countries build water conservancy, repair bridges and roads, pull more countries to join the Belt and Road, and establish the SCO.
India does not think so, this goods is afraid that its own country has seen the world, thinking: You have a good life, your vision is high, how can I control you?
After India's independence, Nehru was the leader of the Indian Congress Party, and he supported the Nepal National Congress Party in Nepal and wanted to control Nepal more comprehensively, but the Nepal National Congress Party was really not contentious, and it had been engaged in it for decades.
Nepal has always been a monarchy, and in 2008 it took decisive change through parliamentary struggle when the "Seven-Party Alliance" led by the Communist Party of Nepal officially announced the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.
This scene made India very disagree, thinking that Nepal did not "greet itself in advance", so it repeated the trick, first of all, let the Madhesi people excuse that their demands were not respected, and there was no special "autonomous state" for the Madhesi people in the south of Nepal, and immediately made a fuss.
Under the pretext of instability, India immediately imposed a comprehensive "embargo" on Nepal, giving a stern warning to the "Seven-Party Alliance" and inflicting a heavy blow on Nepal.
In April 2015, a magnitude 8.1 earthquake struck Pokhara in Nepal, killing nearly 30,000 people. India took advantage of the looting and once again shut down the supply of oil to Nepal, making the situation in Nepal worse.
But this time, things have finally changed.
Against all odds, China sent a large number of supplies to Nepal, and also sent several engineering teams to participate in rescue and post-disaster reconstruction.
In the end, Nepal was forced to withstand India's "economic sanctions", and this result and the strong contrast made Nepalese firm in the idea of cooperating with China and getting rid of India's constraints.
In fact, in 1967, the China-Nepal Highway was completed and opened to traffic, with a total length of 861 kilometers, this road starts from Lhasa in the north, passes through Qushui, Shigatse, Neram, crosses the Friendship Bridge through Zhangmu Port and enters the Kingdom of Nepal, ending in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal.
This is very significant for Nepal to get rid of India's control. With a stiff waist, two years later, Nepal demanded that India withdraw its delegation to Kathmandu and its personnel at the border posts between Nepal and India.
However, the road capacity is limited, and the area bordering Nepal by China is the most underdeveloped plateau area with the least developed traffic conditions and economic capacity, so in terms of influence over Nepal, China is still far less than India, and India can still hit Nepal through economic sanctions.
However, since 2015, with the continuous convergence of Nepal, China has begun to be more and more active in various "aid" to Nepal.
In 2016, China allowed Nepal access to the ports of Tianjin, Shenzhen, Lianyungang and Zhanjiang, and in 2018 expanded the three dry ports of Lanzhou, Lhasa and Xigaze.
In 2017, on the application of Nepal, it joined China's Belt and Road Initiative.
At the same time, China has made various supports for the industrialization of Nepal:
In terms of hydropower energy, China has built several hydropower stations in Nepal, including Ferru, Shangma Xiangdi A, Tamo, Rasuva Boutekesi, Upper Tamaksi and other large and small hydropower stations, as well as the Mari guina hydropower station, which has just been put into operation.
In terms of transportation construction, it has assisted in the construction of the Nigatman Inner Ring Road, the Ni'anigo Highway, the cooperation with Himalaya Airlines, and the construction of Pokhara Airport in 2020;
In the industrial park, it has become a China-Nepal Friendship Industrial Park and a China-Nepal Cross-border Economic Cooperation Zone.
With China's help, Nepal "sees" the bigger world.
What is the point of this?
We look at the news that during the Sino-Indian conflict in 2020, a large number of Nepalese troops entered 13 "disputed areas" such as Dakot, Zionku, Brahandeo, and Katbagad to recover lost ground, and at the same time established 15 outposts, all of which deployed armed forces to prevent Indian troops from counterattacking.
Nepal recovered 335 square kilometers of land in one sentence.....
This enraged India and immediately sent troops to confront Nepal, followed by military friction that killed 1 person and wounded 2 others.
Nepal held on to the reclaimed territory, and the country redrawn its map,.... A month later, the undead Indians sent a miG-21 fighter jet across the border to invade Nepal and launch a surprise attack.
However, India's aviation technology was so bad that the plane was shot down by the Nepalese air defense forces and the pilot was arrested.
Of course, Nepal's recovery of its own territory has nothing to do with China, but Nepal has woken up:
Why am I being controlled and bullied by you?
Since then, Nepal and India have been facing each other militarily, and India really does not dare to make a big deal with Nepal at this time.
You may say that India's national strength is 100 times that of Nepal, why not send troops directly?
To answer this question, let's look at a series of things that have happened recently:
In June 2020, Nepal added another 1,000 troops to more areas to strengthen defenses;
At the same time, Nepal halted the U.S. Millennium Challenge program and formally notified the United States;
Also, during pelosi's recent visit, Nepal quickly issued a statement to uphold the one-China principle;
Above, I don't know if you see something or not.......
The railway this time will be a tunnel through the Himalayas to Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, which will increase Nepal's transportation capacity by more than 10 times, which will allow him to embed the Belt and Road and become the real beginning of Nepal's breakthrough.
It is difficult to cross the world's highest mountain range, but it is absolutely possible for today's infrastructure maniacs, after all, in 1967 we crossed the Himalayas and built the China-Nepal Highway.
In an economic sense, it can be said that in the short term, it can be said that it is very small, even if Nepal's total economic volume grows by 5 times, the investment will not be recovered every 10 years, but in a strategic sense, it is too big!
With this path, Nepal will not be sanctioned by India at any time, has a foundation to confront India, and at the same time serve as a "good example" for Bhutan.
What's more, from Kathmandu to New Delhi, there is no barrier to the plain, less than 400 kilometers away!
In other words, without a plane, the fastest arrival time will not exceed 3 hours!
This will be the sword of Damocles hanging over India's head, and every time India wants to try to dominate South Asia, when it wants to stir up trouble, it must touch its neck hard enough.