Hello everyone, I am a farmer. As the Song Dynasty poet Dai Retro said in the retro "The East Garden carries wine and the West Garden is drunk, and the loquat tree is full of gold", loquat is as valuable as gold when it matures, and it has really brought very good economic benefits to fruit farmers and friends. Some time ago, some fruit friends asked me, how should autumn loquat be managed more reasonably in order to achieve a good yield? Below I will make suggestions from these three aspects for your reference and application.
Fertilization management: root fertilization + foliar spraying
Pruning management: Adjust the tree shape + thin the flower spikes
Pest control: disease prevention + pest elimination
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > fertilization management</h1>
The importance of autumn fertilization for fruit tree growth is self-evident, and even more so for loquat. Since loquat is a fruit tree that blooms in autumn, it blooms in large numbers and has a flowering period of up to 3 months, so it is necessary to ensure that loquat has sufficient nutrient supply. If the fertilizer is not replenished in time, the tree will enter a weakened state after the loquat flowers. In the coming winter, the lack of a basis for a smooth overwintering of loquat trees under low temperature frost will lead to a serious decline in yield and quality, and even affect the subsequent production of the entire orchard.
Many fruit farmers also know the significance of autumn fertilization for loquat, but the timing of fertilization is not well grasped, early or lagging fertilization will make the tree body can not absorb nutrients at the stage of fertilizer needs, not only will waste fertilizer, but also can not ensure the robustness of loquat buds. Here we teach you how to judge the best time to fertilize loquat in autumn. Observe the completion of the ear extraction of the trees before the buds germinate, and most areas can usually be fertilized from early September to mid-October.
Because the root system of loquat is less and shallower than that of other fruit trees, when digging ditches and fertilizing, fruit growers should pay attention not to hurt the root system, and the depth is between 30 and 40 cm. The fertilizer used is mainly decomposed organic fertilizer, generally 50 to 80 kg per plant. Autumn is a dryer climate and watering helps root absorption. In addition, compound fertilizer needs to be supplemented according to the specific needs of loquat. Foliar spraying can also be performed with 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > pruning management</h1>
Many growers will think that the pruning of fruit trees should be carried out in winter, which is actually a more one-sided view. If you can carry out a reasonable pruning of loquat in autumn, it will be of great help to the growth of the tree and ensure a good yield. We first need to determine which tree structure the loquat is suitable for, and adjust it during the pruning process. At present, most of the loquat in orchards is mainly trunk-shaped and sparsely layered.
If loquat pruning is to be mainly dry, it can be done in early October. The whole fruit tree retains about 7 main branches, of which the first layer retains 3 to 4 main branches, and then each layer retains 2 main branches, while there are 2 to 3 side branches on the main branches. The formed loquat tree can be referred to in the following picture. During pruning, those over-dense branches and intersecting branches should be treated to ensure that the tree body is ventilated and illuminated, and the pruned branches should be taken out of the park and destroyed centrally.
Source: Network
Earlier I mentioned that loquat flowers are larger, and in order to ensure the quality of loquat flowers and reduce the consumption of tree nutrients, it is necessary to thin the whole flower spike after it is withdrawn. Diseased and weak flower spikes are usually pruned first, while the tip is removed to retain a quarter of the flower spike. Immediately after that, according to the principle of leaving about 3 buds on each side of the branch, the flowers are appropriately thinned. In this way, it can play a role in concentrating nutrients and improving fruit set rate.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > pest control</h1>
Loquat is less pest-and-diseased than other fruit trees, but it is not without. Fruit friends must not ignore the harm of diseases and insects to loquat trees, especially at this important stage, if the occurrence of diseases is not prevented in time, it may lead to flowering affected, and even affect next year's yield, causing losses to the economy.
Loquat flower rot Source: Network
The main diseases that harm loquat in autumn are flower rot and leaf spot disease. Orchards with high humidity or areas with high rainfall are prone to loquat flower rot. If there is a disease in the fruit tree, the infected flower spike can be removed first, and the control can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 to 700 times liquid or 80% daisen manganese zinc 600 times liquid.
The main pests that harm loquat in autumn are aphids and yellow caterpillars. Loquat yellow caterpillar is small in size, about 8 mm long, and can be observed with a magnifying glass. If a small amount of the worm is found, it is necessary to spray control with 50% dichlorvos emulsion 1000 to 1200 times liquid or 2.5% permethrin 1500 times liquid as soon as possible.
Loquat Yellow Caterpillar Source: Network