Serbia, a country that cries without tears.
At the instigation of Western countries, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict continues to escalate, in the early morning of February 24, 2022, Russia was forced to launch a Russian version of the "self-defense counterattack against Ukraine", the Western countries have a very good idea, there is no Russian pipeline gas, and the United States liquefied Tian'an gas fire, so an unprecedented sanction and blockade was imposed on Russia. It is just that the follow-up developments exceeded the expectations of European countries, energy and food prices soared, the United States liquefied gas also went along with the market to sell to the European brother at a high price, Europe was fiercely beaten a meal of wool, which made European countries fall into serious inflation, even the euro fell to the exchange rate of 1:1 with the US dollar.
Now that the Russo-Ukrainian war has entered its 164th day, Russia's little life has been living a good life with high oil prices, which has disgraced the United States and its NATO brothers. Since Ukraine is so useless, it can only find a new thug, open a second front, contain Russia, and give Russia more blood. After the beating in 2008, Georgia naturally did not dare to continue to pick up the Russian tiger whiskers, but naturally there was a kind of stunned youth, and when it saw a little sweetness, it rushed forward, which is Kosovo.
In 1999, under the pretext of "protecting human rights," the rogue NATO countries launched an airstrike against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, that is, in this air raid, our embassy in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was bombed by the United States and three journalists were killed. The airstrikes, which lasted for dozens of days, forced the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to succumb and accept the "peace plan" proposed by NATO: the withdrawal of Yugoslav troops from Kosovo.
Since 1999, Kosovo, although still known as the Autonomous Province of Serbia, has in fact become a de facto independent State. On February 17, 2008, Kosovo declared its independence, so far more than 100 countries have recognized Kosovo as an independent sovereign state, and Serbia naturally does not recognize Kosovo's independence, and conflicts between the two sides have occurred from time to time, which has given Western countries room to provoke and instigate in an attempt to provoke the second Kosovo War.
At the same time as Kosovo was shaking its fists, Vojvodina, also an autonomous province of Serbia, was very quiet and never wanted to leave Serbia. In fact, Kosovo was incorporated into the Kingdom of Serbia long before World War I, and Vojvodina was only included in serbia at the end of the First World War, and Vojvodina, as a new returnee, was very loyal to Serbia, and even if Yugoslavia disintegrated and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was dissolved, it still followed Serbia.
Why are vojvodina and Kosovo both autonomous provinces, and Kosovo must be killed to independence, while Vojvodina is not scattered?
The new home of Vojvodina:
Influenced by the Warm North Atlantic Current, the European plains are lush with grass, and the Slavs have been herding horses and sheep on the central European plains, which is really a scene of wind-blown grass and low-sighted cattle and sheep. As the saying goes, full of warmth and lust, more cattle and sheep, Slavs no longer worry about eating, nothing to create people, the result of a life of two, two born four... The number of Slavs gradually increased, and there was not enough beef and mutton in the steppe.
One day, the three leading big brothers sat down to discuss the way out, and they could not sit here and wait for death, and finally formulated the "going out strategy". The eldest brother went east and became the East Slavs; The second brother went south and became a Yugoslav; The third brother went west and became a West Slav.
By the 6th century AD, the Slavs had traveled south to the northern borders of the Byzantine Empire, began to attack the Empire's possessions in the Balkans, and gradually settled in the Balkans.
Let's look at the Balkan Peninsula, the terrain is complex, mountainous, including Vojvodina, including the middle danube plain is a rare large plain, since ancient times has been an important grain producing area. Such a treasure could not but impress the Yugoslavs, of course not only the Yugoslavs, but others such as the Huns, the Bulgars, the Thracians, the Hungarians, and the Byzantines who ruled here.
In the 6th century, a Branch of Yugoslavia, the Serbs, also came to the Balkan Peninsula, and taking advantage of the civil strife in the Byzantine Empire in the early 13th century, the Serbs took the opportunity to expand their territory and establish the Kingdom of Serbia. By the mid-14th century, the Kingdom of Serbia had expanded to the extreme, with two-thirds of the Balkan Peninsula, including Kosovo, incorporating itself into its territory, but excluding the Vojvodina region.
After the death of King Teffen Duchamp, the Serbian Empire began to decline and disintegrate.
Serbia's decline coincided with the rise of the Ottoman Empire, and in the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, the Serbian army was defeated. With the fall of Constantinople in 1453, nothing could stop the Ottoman Empire from advancing westward, and not only was Serbia reduced to an Ottoman province, Hungary was also invaded by the Ottomans, and Vojvodina became the forefront of resistance to Ottoman expansion.
The Serbs, who had a hatred for the Ottomans, were naturally a sharp blade of resistance against the Ottomans, so the Hungarians gave the entire vojvodina region to the Serbs, not even the Magyars (i.e., the Hungarians) in this land, and Hungary hoped that the Serbs would make Vojvodina a buffer zone with the Ottomans. Since then, Serbs have taken root in Vojvodina, and more and more Serbs have fled here due to religious beliefs.
In 1526, the Ottoman army continued north, defeating Hungary at the Battle of Mohazhi, and most of Hungary was annexed by the Ottomans. Because of religious beliefs, the people of the Balkans never really obeyed Ottoman rule.
In modern times, the Ottoman Empire began to decline, its power gradually faded from the Balkan Peninsula, and in the early 18th century, Vojvodina became Austrian territory. The Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empire divided the Balkan Peninsula, but the Ottoman oppression of the Serbs caused the Serbs to continue to flee to the outside world, and the Albanians converted to Islam in a timely manner, and were allowed to take advantage of the opportunity to occupy the magpie's nest and settle in Kosovo, becoming the main body of the Kosovo region.
The Serbs under Ottoman rule continued to revolt, culminating in the establishment of the "Kingdom of Serbia" in 1882 with the help of Tsarist Russia. Under the influence of pan-Slavism, the Kingdom of Serbia has been expanding outward since independence in an attempt to establish a "Greater Serbian Kingdom", including Kosovo in the south and Vojvodina in the north, and when the First Balkan War broke out in 1912, Kosovo was incorporated into serbia, and Vojvodina became the next ambition of the Serbs.
On June 28, 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Empire had to conduct military exercises in Sarajevo on this day with Serbia as an imaginary enemy, bearing in mind that this day was the day of Serbia's conquest by the Ottomans, which was regarded as a day of national shame, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire was nakedly provocative. As a result, Crown Prince Ferdinand was assassinated by the pan-Slavist Principe, eventually sparking World War I.
The Great War ended with the defeat of the Allies, serbia, as one of the victorious powers, tore a large piece of flesh from the body of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and obtained Vojvodina and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and even Croatia and Slovenia, fearing annexation by Italy, chose to form the "Kingdom of Serbs and Croats-Slovenes" with Serbia, which was changed to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929.
Although a unitary kingdom was established, since the establishment of the kingdom, the contradictions between the various nationalities in the country have not subsided, and the reason why they have been put together is only to keep the group warm to prevent the interference of the great powers.
Chengye Tito, defeated Tito:
Before World War II, the ethnic contradictions in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia were so severe that even the king was assassinated in 1934, while croats were always opposed to the government. At the end of the 1930s, Yugoslavia planned to divide the kingdom's administrative divisions according to ethnicity, which made all the peoples in the country want to expand their administrative areas, and ethnic contradictions reached a climax.
In September 1939, Germany blitzed Poland and World War II officially broke out. Although Yugoslavia also acceded to the Axis Trilateral Pact, it was never able to avoid German aggression, and as all of Yugoslavia was occupied by Germany, the royal family had to flee overseas.
The "king" ran away, but the country was still there, and the Yugoslav people continued the "War of Resistance Against Germany" under the leadership of Tito, and after 4 years of resistance, Yugoslavia almost single-handedly drove out Germany and liberated the whole territory of Yugoslavia.
After the war, Tito, as a Croat, resolutely suppressed "Greater Serbianism", believing that Yugoslavia was of the Yugoslav people, not Serbian, pursued a policy of national equality, and established the "Federal Solidarity Fund" to help economically underdeveloped areas, such as Macedonia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, in order to achieve common prosperity. Obviously, the Yugoslav people do not have the idea of getting rich first and getting rich later, and in their view this is robbing the rich and helping the poor, and the most dissatisfied is Croatia, after all, most of the coastal areas of Yugoslavia belong to Croatia and have a more developed economy. In 1971, disgruntled Croats broke out the "Croatian Spring" and demanded Croatian independence.
With Tito's forceful intervention, the Croatian Spring movement eventually ceased, but in order to appease the mood of the various ethnic groups in the country, Tito believed that it was necessary to weaken Serbian influence and allow the peoples to exercise autonomy, and ultimately achieve the result of mutual checks and balances.
With the promulgation of the new Constitution in 1974, Yugoslavia became an "extraordinary 6+2", i.e. six autonomous republics + two autonomous provinces of Serbia (Vojvodina and Kosovo Autonomous Province), while allowing each union republic to choose to withdraw from the Yugoslav family.
Why can Vojvodina and Kosovo become autonomous provinces? Because vojvodina hungarians are more numerous, while Kosovo Albanians are dominant.
Yugoslavia, which appears to be a federal state, has in fact been "confederated", not only economic and political local autonomy, but also the member states and autonomous provinces are allowed to establish "border guards" of equal status to the Yugoslav People's Army and subject to the orders of various localities.
Political and economic autonomy, with its own army, the division of Yugoslavia was inevitable. Despite the dissatisfaction of the Serbs, the Serbs could only accept it in the face of the strong Tito.
When Tito was still alive, the Yugoslav economy grew at a rapid rate of 6% per year, and for the time being, it was still able to suppress ethnic contradictions, because the living standards in Yugoslavia were higher than those in Albania, and the Albanians in Kosovo only demanded to be given the status of a republic, after all, even Montenegro and Macedonia, whose population was not as good as their own, had gained the status of a member state.
In 1980, Tito died, the problem of Yugoslavia's long-term accumulation also broke out, the economy continued to decline, by 1985, per capita income fell by a quarter, the member states no longer trusted the central government, their economic plans were no longer implemented, and ethnic contradictions surfaced.
In 1989, the upheavals in Eastern Europe reached Yugoslavia, and although Serbia tried to regain the power it had allocated to the member states and establish a unified unitary state, returning to the time of the Kingdom of Serbia, even the Yugoslav Communist Party abandoned the one-party dictatorship and began to abandon itself.
During the disintegration of Yugoslavia, Slovenia held an independence referendum on December 23, 1990, and officially declared its independence on June 25 of the following year, kicking off the prelude to the dissolution of Yugoslavia.
Seeing that the republics were moving towards independence, the Albanians in Kosovo also began to riot and demand independence, in contrast to Vojvodina, despite the continued sanctions and blockades imposed by the West by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and later Serbia.
It's all a national disaster:
Kosovo and Vojvodina, both autonomous provinces of Serbia, ended up on different paths, and in the final analysis, it was the national problem that caused the trouble.
With the defeat of the Byzantine Empire by the Serbs in 1170, Kosovo became the land of the Serbs, on which the Kingdom of Serbia was born. At this time, the Albanians lived with the Serbs on the land of Kosovo, and even accepted the customs of the Serbs, but the good times did not last long, and the ottoman army came. In the face of the powerful Ottoman Empire, the Serbs were too "ignorant of current affairs" and unwilling to convert to Islam, and as a result, they were fiercely suppressed by the Ottoman Empire, and the Serbs had to abandon their ancestral property and flee to a foreign land.
Contrary to the insistence of the Serbs, a large number of Albanians converted to Islam and were able to settle in Kosovo. When Serbia retook Kosovo in 1912, Albanians had been living there for hundreds of years. In order to regain the land, the Kingdom of Serbia distributed a large amount of Kosovo's land to meritorious ministers in an attempt to emigrate to Kosovo, which naturally caused dissatisfaction among Albanians and became the beginning of the kosovo ethnic strife in the 20th century.
From the map, you can see that Vojvodina has a different geographical environment from Kosovo, Kosovo is dominated by mountains, forming a closed independent space, communication with diplomats is very inconvenient, it is difficult to immigrate to Kosovo in large quantities, so in 1921, the Albanians in Kosovo were as high as 65%, and the Serbs were only 26%.
Serbs have a "pan-Yugoslavism" with the idea of establishing a Greater Serbian State, while Albanians also have the idea of a "national Albanian". During World War II, Yugoslavia was divided, and areas including Kosovo, parts of Greece and parts of Macedonia became part of the so-called "State of Greater Albania", forcing more than 100,000 Serbs to flee their homes again due to ethnic contradictions.
Vojvodina is a plain terrain closely connected to the core of Serbia and is farther from the ottoman center of rule than Kosovo, and became the first choice when Kosovo's unwilling Serbs who did not convert to Islam fled. Due to the easy access of mountains and rivers, more and more Serbs are settling in Vojvodina. After World War I, Serbia "recaptured" Vojvodina, and for 70 years of history, Serbs continued to emigrate, eventually the Serbs outnumbered the Hungarian population and made up the majority.
Ethnic differences between the two places became the root cause of the different paths, as early as the Second World War was still in progress, there were differences on the ownership of Kosovo, but the Yugoslav Partisans led by Tito were stronger, and the Albanian guerrillas could not compete, so they had to withdraw from Kosovo. In November 1944, the Yugoslav People's Liberation Army liberated Kosovo, and in order to resist Yugoslav rule, the Yugoslav army fought against ethnic Albanian soldiers, and tens of thousands of Albanian Muslims were exiled to Turkey.
It can be seen that the Serbs and the Albanians have reached the point of incompatibility, after all, the Serbs believe in orthodox Christianity, and the Albanians have long converted to Islam. Cultural differences and historical entanglements make it impossible for the two peoples to seek common ground while reserving differences and live peacefully and friendly in the same land.
In Vojvodina, although Hungarians and Serbs are also different faiths, the Catholic and Serbian Orthodox Churches in Hungary were one and the same God 500 years ago, unlike Muslims who are purely pagan and cannot coexist.
Before the collapse of Yugoslavia, the Albanians in Kosovo only pursued equal treatment, because macedonia and Montenegro, which were not as strong as their own, became republics, and Kosovo demanded to become the seventh member state in order to win more benefits. Following Serbia, it could only become the poorest region in Yugoslavia.
After the collapse of Yugoslavia, Serbia became a thorn in nato's eye, and if it wanted to get rid of it quickly, it was beaten up with such a motherland, and the Albanians in Kosovo were naturally unwilling, so after the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the ethnic strife in Kosovo intensified.
Serbia is poor, but Albania is not rich, and there is no good fruit to eat when joining Albania, so independence has become one of the most feasible solutions in Kosovo.
In Vojvodina, 65 percent of the population is Serbs, which naturally makes them not choose independence from their homeland, because independence into a small country with an area of 20,000 square kilometers and a population of 2 million does not benefit. Although there are 14% hungarians, Hungary's economy is developed, and if you want to get better development, you can go to Hungary to settle down, and you can't make a mistake with Serbia. Only Croats in the territory want to incorporate Croatia, but only 2.7% of the population is responsible for making waves.
In 1990, Serbia revoked the autonomy of Kosovo and Vojvodina, which led to the immediate outbreak of riots in Kosovo, and after the Kosovo War, Serbia regained the autonomy of its autonomous province in order to win over Vojvodina, and granted a high degree of autonomy, so that there should be everything, independence is obviously more at a disadvantage than staying in Serbia, it is better to stay in Serbia, so the situation is relatively calm.
Throughout the Balkan Peninsula, if you trace back to the roots, they are all latecomers to this land, the national problem can never be sorted out, hundreds of years of common life, in their blood has long been integrated with each other, but due to economic and political historical problems, so that the various ethnic groups can not be compatible, and eventually with the disintegration of Yugoslavia and completely broke out.
Today, the West is powerless to make progress in the Ukrainian battlefield and can only open a second front, but Europe has long lost its independence in political diplomacy and has become a thug and a financier of the United States, and the final result can only be to burn itself to illuminate US imperialism.